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Araujo LF, Siena ADD, Plaça JR, Brotto DB, Barros II, Muys BR, Biagi CAO, Peronni KC, Sousa JF, Molfetta GA, West LC, West AP, Leopoldino AM, Espreafico EM, Silva WA. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) shapes metabolic and invasion gene signatures in melanoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14190. [PMID: 30242167 PMCID: PMC6155108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central key players in cell metabolism, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability has been linked to metabolic changes that contribute to tumorigenesis and to increased expression of pro-tumorigenic genes. Here, we use melanoma cell lines and metastatic melanoma tumors to evaluate the effect of mtDNA alterations and the expression of the mtDNA packaging factor, TFAM, on energetic metabolism and pro-tumorigenic nuclear gene expression changes. We report a positive correlation between mtDNA copy number, glucose consumption, and ATP production in melanoma cell lines. Gene expression analysis reveals a down-regulation of glycolytic enzymes in cell lines and an up-regulation of amino acid metabolism enzymes in melanoma tumors, suggesting that TFAM may shift melanoma fuel utilization from glycolysis towards amino acid metabolism, especially glutamine. Indeed, proliferation assays reveal that TFAM-down melanoma cell lines display a growth arrest in glutamine-free media, emphasizing that these cells rely more on glutamine metabolism than glycolysis. Finally, our data indicate that TFAM correlates to VEGF expression and may contribute to tumorigenesis by triggering a more invasive gene expression signature. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how TFAM affects melanoma cell metabolism, and they provide new insight into the mechanisms by which TFAM and mtDNA copy number influence melanoma tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Araujo
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A D D Siena
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - J R Plaça
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - D B Brotto
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - I I Barros
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - B R Muys
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - C A O Biagi
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - K C Peronni
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - J F Sousa
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - G A Molfetta
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - L C West
- Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - A P West
- Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - A M Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analysis-Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - E M Espreafico
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - W A Silva
- Department of Genetics-Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- National institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-based Therapy-CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Center for Integrative System Biology-CISBi-NAP/USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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