Contribution of Kazal-Like Domains of the Serine Protease Inhibitor-1 from Toxoplasma gondii in Asthma Therapeutic Vaccination Effectiveness.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2022;
183:471-478. [PMID:
35016174 DOI:
10.1159/000520796]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
We have previously showed rTgPI-1 tolerogenic adjuvant properties in asthma treatment, turning it a promising candidate for allergen-specific immunotherapy. This therapy is an alternative treatment to control asthma that still presents several concerns related to its formulation. rTgPI-1 contains independent inhibitory domains able to inhibit trypsin and neutrophil elastase, both involved in asthma pathology.
OBJECTIVES
In view of the need to design rational therapies, herein we investigated the contribution of the different inhibitory domains in rTgPI-1 therapeutic effectiveness.
METHODS
BALB/c mice were rendered allergic by intraperitoneal OVA-alum sensitization and airway challenged. Once the asthmatic phenotype was achieved, mice were intranasally treated with OVA combined with the full-length recombinant protein rTgPI-1 or its truncated versions, Nt (containing trypsin-inhibitory domains) or Ct (containing neutrophil elastase-inhibitory domains). Afterward, mice were aerosol re-challenged.
RESULTS
Asthmatic mice treated with the neutrophil elastase- or the trypsin-inhibitory domains separately failed to improve allergic lung inflammation. Only when all inhibitory domains were simultaneously administered, an improvement was achieved. Still, a better outcome was obtained when mice were treated with the full-length rTgPI-1.
CONCLUSIONS
Adjuvant ability depends on the presence of all its inhibitory domains in a single entity, so it should be included in potential asthma treatment formulations as a full-length protein.
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