1
|
Brooks SPJ, Ratnayake WMN, Rondeau I, Swist E, Sarafin K, Weiler HA. Inadequate vitamin D status is associated with lower food plus supplemental intake of vitamin D in children of South Asian ethnicity living in the National Capital Region of Canada. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:1-8. [PMID: 34516934 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D status, measured in a Vitamin D Standardization Program certified laboratory, was assessed among children of South Asian and European ethnicity living in the national capital region of Canada to explore factors that may account for inadequate status. Demographic information, dietary and supplemental vitamin D over 30 d prior to measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and anthropometry were measured (age 6.0-18.9 y; n = 58/group; February-March 2015). No group related differences in age, height and body mass index (BMI) Z-scores or in food vitamin D intakes were observed. Standardized serum 25OHD was lower in South Asian children (mean ± SD: 39.0 ± 16.8 nmol/L vs. European: 58.4 ± 15.8 nmol/L). A greater proportion of South Asian children had serum 25OHD <40 nmol/L (56.9 vs. 8.6%, P < 0.0001) and fewer took supplements (31 vs. 50%, P = 0.0389). In a multi-factorial model (r2 = 0.54), lower vitamin D status was associated with overweight/obese BMI and older age (14-18 y); no interaction with ethnicity was observed. Lower vitamin D status was associated with lower total vitamin D intake only in South Asian children. This study reinforces the importance of public health actions towards meeting vitamin D intake recommendations among those of high-risk deficiency. Novelty: A higher proportion of South Asian vs. European children had inadequate vitamin D status. Lower vitamin D status was associated with a BMI in the overweight/obese range. Lower vitamin D status was associated with lower total vitamin D intake in South Asian but not European children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P J Brooks
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - W M Nimal Ratnayake
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rondeau
- Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1Y 0M1, Canada
| | - Eleonora Swist
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - Kurtis Sarafin
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - Hope A Weiler
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Verreault MF, Rondeau I, Klutka R, Cockell KA. Response to Sharma Parpia et al. (2018): The accuracy of Canadian Nutrient File data for reporting phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and protein in selected meat, poultry, and fish products. Can J Public Health 2021; 112:782-784. [PMID: 34046857 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-021-00538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Verreault
- Canadian Nutrient File, Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rondeau
- Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rita Klutka
- Canadian Nutrient File, Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin A Cockell
- Canadian Nutrient File, Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ratnayake WMN, L'Abbe MR, Farnworth S, Dumais L, Gagnon C, Lampi B, Casey V, Mohottalage D, Rondeau I, Underhill L, Vigneault M, Lillycrop W, Meleta M, Wong LY, Ng T, Gao Y, Kwong K, Chalouh S, Pantazopoulos P, Gunaratna H, Rahardja A, Blagden R, Roscoe V, Krakalovich T, Neumann G, Lombaert GA. Trans Fatty Acids: Current Contents in Canadian Foods and Estimated Intake Levels for the Canadian Population. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/92.5.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Research conducted in the mid-1990s indicated that the levels of Trans fats in Canadian diets were among the highest in the world. The consumption of Trans fats raises blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, while reducing levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. In June 2007, Health Canada called on the food industry to voluntarily reduce levels of Trans fats in vegetable oils and soft (tub)-margarines to <2 of total fat, and in all other foods, to <5. Industry must show satisfactory progress by June 2009, or Health Canada might have to introduce legislation to ensure that recommended limits are achieved. Since 2005, Health Canada has been performing a national assessment of prepackaged and restaurant foods that likely contain Trans fats. From 2005 to 2009, 1120 samples were analyzed, of which 852 or approximately 76 met the recommended Trans fat limits. As a result of reformulation, most of the products had decreased Trans + saturated fat content. The estimated average intake of Trans fatty acids (TFA) in Canada significantly dropped from the high value of 8.4 g/day in the mid-1990s to 3.4 g/day (or 1.4 food energy) in 2008. However, this TFA intake of 1.4 of energy is still above the World Health Organization recommended limit of TFA intake of <1 of energy, which suggests that the Canadian food industry needs to put more effort into reducing the TFA content in its products, especially in tub-margarines, donuts, and bakery products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Nimal Ratnayake
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Mary R L'Abbe
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Sara Farnworth
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Lydia Dumais
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Claude Gagnon
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Brian Lampi
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Valerie Casey
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Dayani Mohottalage
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Isabelle Rondeau
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Lynne Underhill
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Michele Vigneault
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Food Policy and Science Integration, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - William Lillycrop
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Mary Meleta
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Lynn Y Wong
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Tran Ng
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Yu Gao
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Keri Kwong
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Shirley Chalouh
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Peter Pantazopoulos
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Ontario Region, 2301 Midland Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M1P 4R7
| | - Hasantha Gunaratna
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Adeline Rahardja
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Richard Blagden
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Veronica Roscoe
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Thomas Krakalovich
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Gary Neumann
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| | - Gary A Lombaert
- Health Canada, Food Laboratory Division, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, 510 Legimodire Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R2J 3Y1
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McInerney M, Ho V, Koushik A, Massarelli I, Rondeau I, McCormack GR, Csizmadi I. Addition of food group equivalents to the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire II for the estimation of the Canadian Healthy Eating Index-2005. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2018; 38:125-134. [PMID: 29537770 PMCID: PMC6108030 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.38.3.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor diet quality has been shown to increase the risk of common chronic diseases that can negatively impact quality of life and burden the healthcare system. Canada's Food Guide evidence-based recommendations provide dietary guidance aimed at increasing diet quality. Compliance with Canada's Food Guide can be assessed with the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI), a diet quality score. The recently designed Canadian Diet History Questionnaire II (C-DHQ II), a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire could be used to estimate the C-HEI in Canadian populations with the addition of food group equivalents (representing Canada's Food Guide servings) to the C-DHQ II nutrient database. We describe methods developed to augment the C-DHQ II nutrient database to estimate the C-HEI. METHODS Food group equivalents were created using food and nutrient data from existing published food and nutrient databases (e.g. the Canadian Community Health Survey - Cycle 2.2 Nutrition [2004]). The variables were then added to the C-DHQ II companion nutrient database. C-HEI scores were determined and descriptive analyses conducted for participants who completed the C-DHQ II in a cross-sectional Canadian study. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) C-HEI score in this sample of 446 adults aged 20 to 83 was 64.4 (10.8). Women, non-smokers, and those with more than high school education had statistically significant higher C-HEI scores than men, smokers and those with high school diplomas or less. CONCLUSION The ability to assess C-HEI using the C-DHQ II facilitates the study of diet quality and health outcomes in Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria McInerney
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- CRCHUM (Centre de recherche du CHUM) and Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anita Koushik
- CRCHUM (Centre de recherche du CHUM) and Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Massarelli
- Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rondeau
- Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ilona Csizmadi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kirkpatrick SI, Vanderlee L, Raffoul A, Stapleton J, Csizmadi I, Boucher BA, Massarelli I, Rondeau I, Robson PJ. Self-Report Dietary Assessment Tools Used in Canadian Research: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:276-289. [PMID: 28298272 PMCID: PMC5347105 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Choosing the most appropriate dietary assessment tool for a study can be a challenge. Through a scoping review, we characterized self-report tools used to assess diet in Canada to identify patterns in tool use and to inform strategies to strengthen nutrition research. The research databases Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were used to identify Canadian studies published from 2009 to 2014 that included a self-report assessment of dietary intake. The search elicited 2358 records that were screened to identify those that reported on self-report dietary intake among nonclinical, non-Aboriginal adult populations. A pool of 189 articles (reflecting 92 studies) was examined in-depth to assess the dietary assessment tools used. Food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and screeners were used in 64% of studies, whereas food records and 24-h recalls were used in 18% and 14% of studies, respectively. Three studies (3%) used a single question to assess diet, and for 3 studies the tool used was not clear. A variety of distinct FFQs and screeners, including those developed and/or adapted for use in Canada and those developed elsewhere, were used. Some tools were reported to have been evaluated previously in terms of validity or reliability, but details of psychometric testing were often lacking. Energy and fat were the most commonly studied, reported by 42% and 39% of studies, respectively. For ∼20% of studies, dietary data were used to assess dietary quality or patterns, whereas close to half assessed ≤5 dietary components. A variety of dietary assessment tools are used in Canadian research. Strategies to improve the application of current evidence on best practices in dietary assessment have the potential to support a stronger and more cohesive literature on diet and health. Such strategies could benefit from national and global collaboration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Lana Vanderlee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Amanda Raffoul
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ilona Csizmadi
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Beatrice A Boucher
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;,Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Paula J Robson
- Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation (C-MORE), Alberta Health Services Cancer Control, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Labonté MÈ, Kirkpatrick SI, Bell RC, Boucher BA, Csizmadi I, Koushik A, L'Abbé MR, Massarelli I, Robson PJ, Rondeau I, Shatenstein B, Subar AF, Lamarche B. Dietary assessment is a critical element of health research - Perspective from the Partnership for Advancing Nutritional and Dietary Assessment in Canada. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:1096-1099. [PMID: 27608060 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Challenges and complexities associated with assessing dietary intakes are numerous, but not insurmountable. This opinion paper from Canadian researchers draws attention to the importance of building capacity and providing funding opportunities for research in dietary assessment methods in Canada and elsewhere. Such strategies would contribute to a better understanding of the roles played by diet in human health and better translation of this information into the most meaningful and effective dietary guidelines, policies, and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Ève Labonté
- a School of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- b School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Rhonda C Bell
- c Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Beatrice A Boucher
- d Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 2L7, Canada.,e Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Ilona Csizmadi
- f Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada
| | - Anita Koushik
- g CRCHUM (Centre de recherche du CHUM) and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mary R L'Abbé
- h Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Isabelle Massarelli
- i Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Paula J Robson
- j Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation (C-MORE), CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3H1, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rondeau
- i Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Bryna Shatenstein
- k Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Amy F Subar
- l National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-9692, USA
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- a School of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rondeau I, Picard S, Bah TM, Roy L, Godbout R, Rousseau G. Effects of different dietary omega-6/3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratios on infarct size and the limbic system after myocardial infarction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 89:169-76. [DOI: 10.1139/y11-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Changes in dietary omega-6/3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratios affect anti- and proinflammatory equilibrium. As reperfused myocardial infarction (MI) is an inflammatory pathology that alters the cell integrity of the myocardium but also of other tissues, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, attenuation of the inflammation could be helpful in maintaining cell integrity after MI. Therefore, we hypothesized that a decrease in the dietary omega-6/3 PUFA ratio, without altering the diet content in total fat, proteins, or carbohydrates, will result in a reduction of infarct size and a diminution of postreperfusion apoptosis observed in the amygdala and hippocampus. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed 1 of 3 diets containing different omega-6/3 PUFA ratios for 2 weeks (5:1; 1:1; 1:5). Then, myocardial ischemia was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 40 min, followed by reperfusion. Cardioprotective mechanisms were studied in the myocardium at 15 min of reperfusion, along with myocardial infarct size after 24 h of reperfusion. Apoptosis was evaluated in the hippocampus and the amygdala. We found that infarct size was significantly reduced by 32% in groups 1:5 and 1:1 vs. group 5:1. Akt activity was higher in groups 1:5 and 1:1 compared with group 5:1. Caspase-3 enzymatic activity doubled in area CA1 and the dentate gyrus (DG) in group 5:1 compared with groups 1:1 and 1:5. In addition, caspase-8 enzymatic activity was increased in the DG at 24 h, and caspase-9 was enhanced in CA1 at 24 h in group 5:1 vs. groups 1:1 and 1:5. These results demonstrate that the increase in the dietary omega-3 PUFA, at the expense of omega-6 PUFA, reduces infarct size and helps to inhibit apoptosis in the limbic system after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Rondeau
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - S. Picard
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - T. M. Bah
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - L. Roy
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - R. Godbout
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G. Rousseau
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul. Gouin Ouest, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cooper M, Rondeau I. Establishing heme iron values for the Canadian Nutrient File (CNF). FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.lb249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
9
|
Ratnayake WMN, L'Abbe MR, Farnworth S, Dumais L, Gagnon C, Lampi B, Casey V, Mohottalage D, Rondeau I, Underhill L, Vigneault M, Lillycrop W, Meleta M, Wong LY, Ng T, Gao Y, Kwong K, Chalouh S, Pantazopoulos P, Gunaratna H, Rahardja A, Blagden R, Roscoe V, Krakalovich T, Neumann G, Lombaert GA. Trans fatty acids: current contents in Canadian foods and estimated intake levels for the Canadian population. J AOAC Int 2009; 92:1258-1276. [PMID: 19916364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Research conducted in the mid-1990s indicated that the levels of trans fats in Canadian diets were among the highest in the world. The consumption of trans fats raises blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, while reducing levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. In June 2007, Health Canada called on the food industry to voluntarily reduce levels of trans fats in vegetable oils and soft (tub)-margarines to < 2% of total fat, and in all other foods, to < 5%. Industry must show satisfactory progress by June 2009, or Health Canada might have to introduce legislation to ensure that recommended limits are achieved. Since 2005, Health Canada has been performing a national assessment of prepackaged and restaurant foods that likely contain trans fats. From 2005 to 2009, 1120 samples were analyzed, of which 852 or approximately 76% met the recommended trans fat limits. As a result of reformulation, most of the products had decreased trans + saturated fat content. The estimated average intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) in Canada significantly dropped from the high value of 8.4 g/day in the mid-1990s to 3.4 g/day (or 1.4% food energy) in 2008. However, this TFA intake of 1.4% of energy is still above the World Health Organization recommended limit of TFA intake of < 1% of energy, which suggests that the Canadian food industry needs to put more effort into reducing the TFA content in its products, especially in tub-margarines, donuts, and bakery products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Nimal Ratnayake
- Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaloustian S, Bah TM, Rondeau I, Mathieu S, Lada-Moldovan L, Ryvlin P, Godbout R, Rousseau G. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha participates in apoptosis in the limbic system after myocardial infarction. Apoptosis 2009; 14:1308-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-009-0395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|