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Kanchi MM, Hirpara JL, Sachaphibulkij K, Tan TZ, Dietzel H, Lim LH, Huang RYJ, Pervaiz S, Neuzil J, Kumar AP. Abstract P6-18-20: Targeting mitochondrial function for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer: Development of a small molecule inhibitor against mitochondrial STAT3. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) can benefit significantly from earlier diagnosis/prognosis, targeted therapy, and predictive biomarker panels for optimal therapy. However, currently there are no clinically accepted markers for the prognosis of TNBC and to predict its potential to metastasize. It is well documented that numerous cancer subtypes with increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in which enhanced mitochondrial activity is linked to aggressiveness. Also, there is greater awareness of metabolic heterogeneity within tumors, with some cells using glycolysis as their main energy source, whereas others use oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, TNBC has been shown to adopt increased mitochondrial biogenesis to "fuel" enhanced growth and aggressiveness. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription family 3 (STAT3) has been studied extensively as a transcription factor, however the finding that STAT3 also localizes to mitochondria has opened a new area to discover non-classical functions.
Methods: Targeting mitochondrial STAT3 functions challenge the current design of therapies that solely target STAT3 as a transcription factor and suggest the need for “design thinking,” to intervene the STAT3 pathway. With this in mind, we developed an in-house mitochondrial targeting - MitoTam. Data from in vitro cell-based assays, in vivo subcutaneous xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of TNBC will be reported.
Results:
Our data shows MitoTam robustly inhibited proliferation of TNBC cells at pharmacological doses and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, we observed the MitoTam was able to target STAT3 leading to the downregulation of genes which is highly upregulated in most of the cancers. Furthermore, we show inhibition of STAT3 transcriptional activity hampers mitochondrial biogenesis, a prominent feature of cancer cell. Interestingly our in vivo and in vitro protein data showed the decreased phosphorylation of nuclear STAT3 and decreased mitochondria import of STAT3. We also found the decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 is associated with the interaction of GRIM-19 which is a cell death regulatory protein in complex1. Treatment of MitoTam was able to deplete the super complexes involved in OXPHOS and also in the regulation of mitochondrial transcription regulation. Our in vivo and PDX models show significant reduction of tumor size and tumor burden with treatment of MitoTam without effecting body mass. In addition we also found decrease in protein kinases associated with regulation of STAT3 for tumor survival. In addition, nuclear DNA encoded mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), which enhances both transcription and replication of mitochondrial DNA is also shown to be downregulated with treatment, suggesting that MitoTam effectively inhibit TFAM binding to the mitochondrial DNA genes involved in OXPHOS regulation which was further validated by TFAM Chip-seq.
Conclusion: Our results places MitoTam is a promising candidate drug against TNBC and establish mitochondrial STAT3 as its molecular target.
Citation Format: Kanchi MM, Hirpara JL, Sachaphibulkij K, Tan TZ, Dietzel H, Lim LH, Huang RY-J, Pervaiz S, Neuzil J, Kumar AP. Targeting mitochondrial function for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer: Development of a small molecule inhibitor against mitochondrial STAT3 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-20.
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Affiliation(s)
- MM Kanchi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - JL Hirpara
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Sachaphibulkij
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - TZ Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Dietzel
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - LH Lim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - RY-J Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Pervaiz
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Neuzil
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - AP Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Wong AL, Soo RA, Tan DS, Lee SC, Lim JS, Marban PC, Kong LR, Lee YJ, Wang LZ, Thuya WL, Soong R, Yee MQ, Chin TM, Cordero MT, Asuncion BR, Pang B, Pervaiz S, Hirpara JL, Sinha A, Xu WW, Yuasa M, Tsunoda T, Motoyama M, Yamauchi T, Goh BC. Phase I and biomarker study of OPB-51602, a novel signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 inhibitor, in patients with refractory solid malignancies. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:998-1005. [PMID: 25609248 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of OPB-51602, an oral, direct signal transduction activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, in patients with refractory solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three cohorts were studied: cohort A, a sequential dose escalation of OPB-51602 administered intermittently (days 1-14 every 21 days); cohort B, an expansion cohort evaluating the dose lower than the MTD; cohort C, evaluating continuous daily dosing. RESULTS Fifty-one patients were studied at 2, 4, and 5 mg per day dosing. The MTD was 5 mg; first-cycle dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were grade 3 hyponatremia in one patient, and grade 3 dehydration in another. Intermittent dosing of both 2 and 4 mg doses were tolerable, and the recommended phase II dose was 4 mg. Cohort B investigated 4 mg intermittently, whereas cohort C investigated 4 mg continuously. Common toxicities included fatigue, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and early-onset peripheral neuropathy. Drug-induced pneumonitis occurred in two patients in cohort C. Continuous dosing was associated with a higher incidence of peripheral neuropathy and a lower mean relative dose intensity, compared with intermittent dosing. Steady-state pharmacokinetics was characterized by high oral clearance, mean elimination half-life ranging from 44 to 61 h, and a large terminal-phase volume of distribution. An active metabolite, OPB-51822, accumulated to a greater extent than OPB-51602. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated pSTAT3 (Tyr(705)) inhibition following exposure. Two patients achieved partial responses at 5 mg intermittently and 4 mg continuously; both had epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor exposure. CONCLUSION OPB-51602 demonstrates promising antitumor activity, particularly in NSCLC. Its long half-life and poorer tolerability of continuous dosing, compared with intermittent dosing, suggest that less frequent dosing should be explored. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT01184807.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System; Cancer Science Institute
| | - R A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System; Cancer Science Institute
| | - D S Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre
| | - S C Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System; Cancer Science Institute
| | - J S Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System
| | - P C Marban
- Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System
| | | | | | - L Z Wang
- Cancer Science Institute; Departments of Pharmacology
| | | | | | | | - T M Chin
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System; Cancer Science Institute
| | - M T Cordero
- Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System
| | | | | | - S Pervaiz
- Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
| | | | - A Sinha
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - W W Xu
- Otsuka Beijing Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - M Yuasa
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-ku
| | - T Tsunoda
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-ku
| | - M Motoyama
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-ku
| | - T Yamauchi
- Fuji Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - B C Goh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System; Haematology Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System; Cancer Science Institute; Departments of Pharmacology.
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