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Schnyder corneal dystrophy-associated UBIAD1 inhibits ER-associated degradation of HMG CoA reductase in mice. eLife 2019; 8:44396. [PMID: 30785396 PMCID: PMC6402834 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-dominant Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD) is characterized by corneal opacification owing to overaccumulation of cholesterol. SCD is caused by mutations in UBIAD1, which utilizes geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGpp) to synthesize vitamin K2. Using cultured cells, we previously showed that sterols trigger binding of UBIAD1 to the cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR), thereby inhibiting its endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) (Schumacher et al. 2015). GGpp triggers release of UBIAD1 from HMGCR, allowing maximal ERAD and ER-to-Golgi transport of UBIAD1. SCD-associated UBIAD1 resists GGpp-induced release and is sequestered in ER to inhibit ERAD. We now report knockin mice expressing SCD-associated UBIAD1 accumulate HMGCR in several tissues resulting from ER sequestration of mutant UBIAD1 and inhibition of HMGCR ERAD. Corneas from aged knockin mice exhibit signs of opacification and sterol overaccumulation. These results establish the physiological significance of UBIAD1 in cholesterol homeostasis and indicate inhibition of HMGCR ERAD contributes to SCD pathogenesis.
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DAPNe with micro-capillary separatory chemistry-coupled to MALDI-MS for the analysis of polar and non-polar lipid metabolism in one cell. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:918-928. [PMID: 28251574 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cellular metabolome is considered to be a representation of cellular phenotype and cellular response to changes to internal or external events. Methods to expand the coverage of the expansive physiochemical properties that makeup the metabolome currently utilize multi-step extractions and chromatographic separations prior to chemical detection, leading to lengthy analysis times. In this study, a single-step procedure for the extraction and separation of a sample using a micro-capillary as a separatory funnel to achieve analyte partitioning within an organic/aqueous immiscible solvent system is described. The separated analytes are then spotted for MALDI-MS imaging and distribution ratios are calculated. Initially, the method is applied to standard mixtures for proof of partitioning. The extraction of an individual cell is non-reproducible; therefore, a broad chemical analysis of metabolites is necessary and will be illustrated with the one-cell analysis of a single Snu-5 gastric cancer cell taken from a cellular suspension. The method presented here shows a broad partitioning dynamic range as a single-step method for lipid analysis demonstrating a decrease in ion suppression often present in MALDI analysis of lipids. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Temporal variation in groundwater quality in the Permian Basin of Texas, a region of increasing unconventional oil and gas development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:906-913. [PMID: 27125684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The recent expansion of natural gas and oil extraction using unconventional oil and gas development (UD) practices such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has raised questions about the potential for environmental impacts. Prior research has focused on evaluations of air and water quality in particular regions without explicitly considering temporal variation; thus, little is known about the potential effects of UD activity on the environment over longer periods of time. Here, we present an assessment of private well water quality in an area of increasing UD activity over a period of 13months. We analyzed samples from 42 private water wells located in three contiguous counties on the Eastern Shelf of the Permian Basin in Texas. This area has experienced a rise in UD activity in the last few years, and we analyzed samples in four separate time points to assess variation in groundwater quality over time as UD activities increased. We monitored general water quality parameters as well as several compounds used in UD activities. We found that some constituents remained stable over time, but others experienced significant variation over the period of study. Notable findings include significant changes in total organic carbon and pH along with ephemeral detections of ethanol, bromide, and dichloromethane after the initial sampling phase. These data provide insight into the potentially transient nature of compounds associated with groundwater contamination in areas experiencing UD activity.
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ABA Is Required for Plant Acclimation to a Combination of Salt and Heat Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147625. [PMID: 26824246 PMCID: PMC4733103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as drought, heat or salinity are a major cause of yield loss worldwide. Recent studies revealed that the acclimation of plants to a combination of different environmental stresses is unique and cannot be directly deduced from studying the response of plants to each of the different stresses applied individually. Here we report on the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to a combination of salt and heat stress using transcriptome analysis, physiological measurements and mutants deficient in abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid or ethylene signaling. Arabidopsis plants were found to be more susceptible to a combination of salt and heat stress compared to each of the different stresses applied individually. The stress combination resulted in a higher ratio of Na+/K+ in leaves and caused the enhanced expression of 699 transcripts unique to the stress combination. Interestingly, many of the transcripts that specifically accumulated in plants in response to the salt and heat stress combination were associated with the plant hormone abscisic acid. In accordance with this finding, mutants deficient in abscisic acid metabolism and signaling were found to be more susceptible to a combination of salt and heat stress than wild type plants. Our study highlights the important role abscisic acid plays in the acclimation of plants to a combination of two different abiotic stresses.
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Investigation of the index case herd and identification of the genotypes of Theileria orientalis associated with outbreaks of bovine anaemia in New Zealand in 2012. N Z Vet J 2015; 64:21-8. [PMID: 26540640 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2015.1090355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
CASE HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS On 7 September 2012 the Ministry for Primary Industries was notified of a dairy cow with regenerative anaemia (haematocrit (HCT) 0.08 L/L) in a herd of 465 Jersey-Friesian cross cows (index case herd) in the Northland region of New Zealand. Organisms consistent with Theileria spp. were present in red blood cells on a blood smear. No other causes of anaemia were detected following examination of affected cows. Blood samples collected from 29 randomly selected cows on 26 September 2012 showed that 24 (83%) were anaemic (HCT≤0.24 L/L) and therefore fitted the case definition for bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis infection. LABORATORY FINDINGS Using a T. orientalis type-specific PCR assay that targeted the single subunit rRNA gene, all of six animals tested were positive for T. orientalis type Ikeda. Blood samples collected from clinically affected cattle in 11 subsequent outbreaks from throughout the North Island showed that T. orientalis Ikeda type was a common finding, but mixed infections with Chitose type were also identified. In addition, using a PCR assay that targeted the major piroplasm surface gene, T. orientalis type 5 was detected in one cow from the Waikato region. DIAGNOSIS The presence of T. orientalis type Ikeda, as well as type 5, was confirmed in cattle from outbreaks of bovine anaemia in herds throughout the North Island of New Zealand. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Two new types of T. orientalis were identified in this investigation, that were associated with a sudden rise in cases of bovine anaemia. The body of evidence showed that the Ikeda type was implicated as the cause of disease observed in this epidemic.
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Massive pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: surgical considerations. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2014; 93:150-153. [PMID: 24817226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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8
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9
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Intraparotid Neurofibromatosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/014556131209100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Intraparotid neurofibromatosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2012; 91:236-237. [PMID: 22711389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
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11
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12
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Subcutaneous Carboxytherapy Injection for Aesthetic Improvement of Scars. Laryngoscope 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.21318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Three-dimensional CT-guided custom implant for the repair of facial defects. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2010; 89:350-352. [PMID: 20737371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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14
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Paget disease and chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2010; 89:160-161. [PMID: 20397142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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15
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16
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17
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Subcutaneous carboxytherapy injection for aesthetic improvement of scars. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2010; 89:64-66. [PMID: 20155672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
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18
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19
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Clinical manifestations of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2009; 88:1252-1254. [PMID: 20013673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
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20
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Lymphoma in the Waldeyer Ring: A Great Masquerader. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130908800604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Lymphoma in the Waldeyer ring: a great masquerader. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2009; 88:954-956. [PMID: 19517398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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22
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Metastatic ovarian cancer in the head and neck. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2008; 87:318. [PMID: 18561112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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23
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24
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Recurrent thyroid carcinoma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2008; 87:192-194. [PMID: 18478788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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25
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Recurrent Thyroid Carcinoma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130808700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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26
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Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Thyroidectomy. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130808700204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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27
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Minimally invasive endoscopic thyroidectomy. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2008; 87:72. [PMID: 18437923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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28
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29
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Deep-lobe parotid tumor presenting in the parapharyngeal space. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:730-731. [PMID: 18217373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
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30
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Preventing posterior tracheal wall perforation in percutaneous dilational tracheotomy. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:546-548. [PMID: 17970143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
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31
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Post-traumatic ethmoid mucocele following penetrating craniofacial injury. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:452-454. [PMID: 17915664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
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32
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Post-traumatic Ethmoid Mucocele following Penetrating Craniofacial Injury. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130708600807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Surgical rehabilitation for primary laryngeal amyloidosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:206, 208. [PMID: 17500389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
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34
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35
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36
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Management of paratracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:141, 147. [PMID: 17427773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
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37
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Management of Paratracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130708600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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38
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Invasive metastatic skin cancer in the background of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:84-5. [PMID: 17385612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
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39
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Invasive Metastatic Skin Cancer in the Background of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130708600207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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40
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41
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Dentigerous cyst presenting as orbital proptosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2007; 86:23-4. [PMID: 17315829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
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42
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Malignant Ethmoid Sinus Tumor Masquerading as Chronic Ethmoid Sinusitis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130608501209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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43
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Malignant ethmoid sinus tumor masquerading as chronic ethmoid sinusitis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006; 85:814, 816. [PMID: 17240703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
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44
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Dorsal nasal flap for nasal reconstruction: the alternate forehead flap. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006; 85:710, 713. [PMID: 17168144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
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45
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46
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Outpatient Management of Infected Hardware in the Oncology Patient. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130608500809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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47
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Outpatient management of infected hardware in the oncology patient. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006; 85:490-1. [PMID: 16999053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
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48
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Pediatric submental cavernous lymphangioma. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2006; 85:372-3. [PMID: 16866110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
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49
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50
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Two cases of inflammatory muscle disease presenting with raised serum concentrations of troponin T. J Clin Pathol 2006; 58:1323-4. [PMID: 16311356 PMCID: PMC1770785 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2005.025734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Troponins T and I are highly sensitive markers of myocardial injury. However, non-cardiac disorders, such as pulmonary embolism, renal failure, subarachnoid haemorrhage, sepsis, eclampsia, chemotherapy, and inflammatory muscle conditions (dermatomyositis and polymyositis), can also result in raised serum troponin concentrations. This article describes two cases that occurred within a month of each other in Craigavon Area Hospital, whereby conditions unrelated to myocardial ischaemia resulted in raised concentrations of cardiac markers. The first patient, in retrospect, underwent unnecessary investigation as an inpatient in the cardiac ward. Experience gained from this case led to more appropriate consultation and management of the second patient.
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