Trends in Practice Among Shoulder Specialists in the Management of Frozen Shoulder: A Consensus Survey.
Orthop J Sports Med 2022;
10:23259671221118834. [PMID:
36250030 PMCID:
PMC9561673 DOI:
10.1177/23259671221118834]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The management of frozen shoulder (FS) differs depending on experience level
and variation between scientific guidelines and actual practice.
Purpose:
To determine the current trends and practices in the management of FS among
shoulder specialists and compare them with senior shoulder specialists.
Study Design:
Consensus statement.
Methods:
A team of 15 senior shoulder specialists (faculty group) prepared a
questionnaire comprising 26 questions regarding the definition, terminology,
clinical signs, investigations, management, and prognosis of FS. The
questionnaire was mailed to all the registered shoulder specialists of
Shoulder and Elbow Society, India (SESI) (specialist group; n = 230), as
well as to the faculty group (n = 15). The responses of the 2 groups were
compared, and levels of consensus were determined: strong (>75%), broad
(60%-74.9%), inconclusive (40%-59.9%), or disagreement (<40%).
Result:
Overall, 142 of the 230 participants in the specialist group and all 15
participants in the faculty group responded to the survey. Both groups
strongly agreed that plain radiographs are required to rule out a secondary
cause of FS, routine magnetic resonance imaging is not indicated to confirm
FS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be administered at bedtime,
steroid injection (triamcinolone or methylprednisolone) is the next best
option if analgesics fail to provide pain relief, passive physical therapy
should be avoided in the freezing phase, <10% of patients would require
any surgical intervention, and patients with diabetes and thyroid
dysfunction tend to fare poorly. There was broad agreement that routine
thyroid dysfunction screening is unnecessary for women, a single 40-mg
steroid injection via intra-articular route is preferred, and arthroscopic
capsular release (ACR) results in a better outcome than manipulation under
anesthesia (MUA). Agreement was inconclusive regarding the use of combined
random blood sugar (RBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin versus lone RBS to
screen for diabetes in patients with FS, preference of ACR versus MUA to
treat resistant FS, and the timing of surgical intervention. There was
disagreement over the most appropriate term for FS, the preferred physical
therapy modality for pain relief, the most important movement restriction
for early diagnosis of FS, and complications seen after MUA.
Conclusion:
This survey summarized the trend in prevalent practices regarding FS among
the shoulder specialists and senior shoulder surgeons of SESI.
Collapse