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Thomsen ST, Assunção R, Afonso C, Boué G, Cardoso C, Cubadda F, Garre A, Kruisselbrink JW, Mantovani A, Pitter JG, Poulsen M, Verhagen H, Ververis E, Voet HVD, Watzl B, Pires SM. Human health risk-benefit assessment of fish and other seafood: a scoping review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7479-7502. [PMID: 33951954 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fish and other seafood are important sources of nutrients, but they are also sources of chemical contaminants that may cause adverse health effects. This article aimed to identify existing risk-benefit assessments (RBA) of fish, shellfish, and other seafood, compare methodologies, discuss differences and commonalities in findings, and identify limitations and ways forward for future studies. We conducted a scoping review of the scientific literature of studies in all languages published from 2000 through April 2019. We identified 106 RBA of fish and other seafood across Europe, Asia, North America, Africa, and at the global level. Studies were heterogeneous in terms of types of fish and other seafood considered, beneficial and adverse compounds assessed, and overall methodology. Collected data showed that a diet consisting of a variety of lean and fatty fish and other seafood is recommended for the overall population and that women of childbearing age and children should limit the consumption of fish and other seafood types that have a high likelihood of contamination. Our review emphasizes the need for evidence-based, up-to-date, and harmonized approaches in RBA in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Theresa Thomsen
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ricardo Assunção
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Portugal
| | - Géraldine Boué
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAe), Oniris, Secalim UMR 1014, Nantes, France
| | - Carlos Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Portugal
| | - Francesco Cubadda
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Garre
- Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Morten Poulsen
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Verhagen
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy.,University of Ulster, Northern, Ireland
| | - Ermolaos Ververis
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy.,School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Bernhard Watzl
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sara M Pires
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tebby C, van der Voet H, de Sousa G, Rorije E, Kumar V, de Boer W, Kruisselbrink JW, Bois FY, Faniband M, Moretto A, Brochot C. A generic PBTK model implemented in the MCRA platform: Predictive performance and uses in risk assessment of chemicals. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111440. [PMID: 32473292 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models are important tools for in vitro to in vivo or inter-species extrapolations in health risk assessment of foodborne and non-foodborne chemicals. Here we present a generic PBTK model implemented in the EuroMix toolbox, MCRA 9 and predict internal kinetics of nine chemicals (three endocrine disrupters, three liver steatosis inducers, and three developmental toxicants), in data-rich and data-poor conditions, when increasingly complex levels of parametrization are applied. At the first stage, only QSAR models were used to determine substance-specific parameters, then some parameter values were refined by estimates from substance-specific or high-throughput in vitro experiments. At the last stage, elimination or absorption parameters were calibrated based on available in vivo kinetic data. The results illustrate that parametrization plays a capital role in the output of the PBTK model, as it can change how chemicals are prioritized based on internal concentration factors. In data-poor situations, estimates can be far from observed values. In many cases of chronic exposure, the PBTK model can be summarized by an external to internal dose factor, and interspecies concentration factors can be used to perform interspecies extrapolation. We finally discuss the implementation and use of the model in the MCRA risk assessment platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleo Tebby
- INERIS, Unit Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | | | | | - Emiel Rorije
- RIVM, Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, Department for Consumers and Product Safety, P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Vikas Kumar
- URV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Països Catalans, nº 26, 43007, Tarragona (Tarragona- Catalonia), Spain
| | - Waldo de Boer
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometris, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Frédéric Y Bois
- INERIS, Unit Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Moosa Faniband
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Angelo Moretto
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Céline Brochot
- INERIS, Unit Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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van der Voet H, Kruisselbrink JW, de Boer WJ, van Lenthe MS, van den Heuvel J(H, Crépet A, Kennedy MC, Zilliacus J, Beronius A, Tebby C, Brochot C, Luckert C, Lampen A, Rorije E, Sprong C, van Klaveren JD. The MCRA toolbox of models and data to support chemical mixture risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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4
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Kennedy MC, Hart ADM, Kruisselbrink JW, van Lenthe M, de Boer WJ, van der Voet H, Rorije E, Sprong C, van Klaveren J. A retain and refine approach to cumulative risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111223. [PMID: 32088251 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mixtures of substances to which humans are exposed may lead to cumulative exposure and health effects. To study their effects, it is first necessary to identify a cumulative assessment group (CAG) of substances for risk assessment or hazard testing. Excluding substances from consideration before there is sufficient evidence may underestimate the risk. Conversely, including everything and treating the inevitable uncertainties using conservative assumptions is inefficient and may overestimate the risk, with an unknown level of protection. An efficient, transparent strategy is described to retain a large group, quantifying the uncertainty of group membership and other uncertainties. Iterative refinement of the CAG then focuses on adding information for the substances with high probability of contributing significantly to the risk. Probabilities can be estimated using expert opinion or derived from data on substance properties. An example is presented with 100 pesticides, in which the retain step identified a single substance to target refinement. Using an updated hazard characterisation for this substance reduced the mean exposure estimate from 0.43 to 0.28 μg kg-bw-1 day-1 and reduced the 99.99th percentile exposure from 24.9 to 5.1 μg kg-bw-1 day-1. Other retained substances contributed little to the risk estimates, even after accounting for uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc C Kennedy
- Fera Science Ltd, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Andy D M Hart
- Fera Science Ltd, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes W Kruisselbrink
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometrics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marco van Lenthe
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometrics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Waldo J de Boer
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometrics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hilko van der Voet
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometrics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel Rorije
- RIVM, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Corinne Sprong
- RIVM, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jacob van Klaveren
- RIVM, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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Kennedy MC, Garthwaite DG, de Boer WJ, Kruisselbrink JW. Modelling aggregate exposure to pesticides from dietary and crop spray sources in UK residents. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:9892-9907. [PMID: 30734911 PMCID: PMC6469822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to pesticide mixtures can occur from the diet and other sources. Realistic exposure and risk assessments should include multiple sources and compounds and include the relative hazards of the different compounds. The EU-funded Euromix project is developing new web-based tools to facilitate these calculations. A case study is presented that exemplifies their use for a population of UK residents, including exposure from crop-spraying. A UK pesticide usage survey provided information on real pesticide combinations applied to crops of wheat, potatoes, sugar beet and dessert apples. This information was combined with outputs from two alternative simulation models of spray drift to estimate dermal, oral and inhalation exposures of residents. These non-dietary exposures were combined with dietary exposure estimates using the Monte Carlo Risk Assessment software to produce a distribution of aggregated and cumulative exposures. Compounds are weighted by relative potency to generate a measure of overall risk. Uncertainty quantification was also included in the distribution of exposures. These tools are flexible to allow diverse sources of exposure and can provide important information to decision-makers and help to prioritise testing of pesticide mixtures. Including non-dietary sources changed the prioritisation of pesticide mixtures, when compared to dietary exposure alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Waldo J de Boer
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometris, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708, PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W Kruisselbrink
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometris, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708, PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Jongsma MA, Thoen MPM, Poleij LM, Wiegers GL, Goedhart PW, Dicke M, Noldus LPJJ, Kruisselbrink JW. An Integrated System for the Automated Recording and Analysis of Insect Behavior in T-maze Arrays. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:20. [PMID: 30761167 PMCID: PMC6361829 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Host-plant resistance to insects like thrips and aphids is a complex trait that is difficult to phenotype quickly and reliably. Here, we introduce novel hardware and software to facilitate insect choice assays and automate the acquisition and analysis of movement tracks. The hardware consists of an array of individual T-mazes allowing simultaneous release of up to 90 insect individuals from their individual cage below each T-maze with choice of two leaf disks under a video camera. Insect movement tracks are acquired with computer vision software (EthoVision) and analyzed with EthoAnalysis, a novel software package that allows for automated reporting of highly detailed behavior parameters and statistical analysis. To validate the benefits of the system we contrasted two Arabidopsis accessions that were previously analyzed for differential resistance to western flower thrips. Results of two trials with 40 T-mazes are reported and we show how we arrived at optimized settings for the different filters and statistics. The statistics are reported in terms of frequency, duration, distance and speed of behavior events, both as sum totals and event averages, and both for the total trial period and in time bins of 1 h. Also included are higher level analyses with subcategories like short-medium-long events and slow-medium-fast events. The time bins showed how some behavior elements are more descriptive of differences between the genotypes during the first hours, whereas others are constant or become more relevant at the end of an 8 h recording. The three overarching behavior categories, i.e., choice, movement, and halting, were automatically corrected for the percentage of time thrips were detected and 24 out of 38 statistics of behavior parameters differed by a factor 2-6 between the accessions. The analysis resulted in much larger contrasts in behavior traits than reported previously. Compared to leaf damage assays on whole plants or detached leaves that take a week or more to complete, results were obtained in 8 h, with more detail, fewer individuals and higher significance. The potential value of the new integrated system, named EntoLab, for discovery of genetic traits in plants and insects by high throughput screening of large populations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten A. Jongsma
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Manus P. M. Thoen
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Leo M. Poleij
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerrie L. Wiegers
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul W. Goedhart
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Kruisselbrink JW, van der Voet H, van Donkersgoed G, van Klaveren J. Proposal for a data model for probabilistic cumulative dietary exposure assessments of pesticides in line with the MCRA software. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.en-1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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van der Voet H, de Boer WJ, Kruisselbrink JW, van Donkersgoed G, van Klaveren JD. MCRA made scalable for large cumulative assessment groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.en-910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Voorrips RE, Bink MCAM, Kruisselbrink JW, Koehorst-van Putten HJJ, van de Weg WE. PediHaplotyper: software for consistent assignment of marker haplotypes in pedigrees. Mol Breed 2016; 36:119. [PMID: 27547106 PMCID: PMC4977329 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-016-0539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the study of large outbred pedigrees with many founders, individual bi-allelic markers, such as SNP markers, carry little information. After phasing the marker genotypes, multi-allelic loci consisting of groups of closely linked markers can be identified, which are called "haploblocks". Here, we describe PediHaplotyper, an R package capable of assigning consistent alleles to such haploblocks, allowing for missing and incorrect SNP data. These haploblock genotypes are much easier to interpret by the human investigator than the original SNP data and also allow more efficient QTL analyses that require less memory and computation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland E. Voorrips
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C. A. M. Bink
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Hendrix Genetics Research, P.O. Box 114, 5830 AC Boxmeer, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W. Kruisselbrink
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - W. Eric van de Weg
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Di Pierro EA, Gianfranceschi L, Di Guardo M, Koehorst-van Putten HJJ, Kruisselbrink JW, Longhi S, Troggio M, Bianco L, Muranty H, Pagliarani G, Tartarini S, Letschka T, Lozano Luis L, Garkava-Gustavsson L, Micheletti D, Bink MCAM, Voorrips RE, Aziz E, Velasco R, Laurens F, van de Weg WE. A high-density, multi-parental SNP genetic map on apple validates a new mapping approach for outcrossing species. Hortic Res 2016; 3:16057. [PMID: 27917289 PMCID: PMC5120355 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approaches rely on the correct ordering of molecular markers along the chromosomes, which can be obtained from genetic linkage maps or a reference genome sequence. For apple (Malus domestica Borkh), the genome sequence v1 and v2 could not meet this need; therefore, a novel approach was devised to develop a dense genetic linkage map, providing the most reliable marker-loci order for the highest possible number of markers. The approach was based on four strategies: (i) the use of multiple full-sib families, (ii) the reduction of missing information through the use of HaploBlocks and alternative calling procedures for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, (iii) the construction of a single backcross-type data set including all families, and (iv) a two-step map generation procedure based on the sequential inclusion of markers. The map comprises 15 417 SNP markers, clustered in 3 K HaploBlock markers spanning 1 267 cM, with an average distance between adjacent markers of 0.37 cM and a maximum distance of 3.29 cM. Moreover, chromosome 5 was oriented according to its homoeologous chromosome 10. This map was useful to improve the apple genome sequence, design the Axiom Apple 480 K SNP array and perform multifamily-based QTL studies. Its collinearity with the genome sequences v1 and v3 are reported. To our knowledge, this is the shortest published SNP map in apple, while including the largest number of markers, families and individuals. This result validates our methodology, proving its value for the construction of integrated linkage maps for any outbreeding species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario Di Guardo
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AJ, The Netherlands
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige 38010, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Longhi
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Michela Troggio
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige 38010, Italy
| | - Luca Bianco
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige 38010, Italy
| | - Hélène Muranty
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé 49071, France
| | - Giulia Pagliarani
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Stefano Tartarini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Thomas Letschka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laimburg Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Ora 39040, Italy
| | - Lidia Lozano Luis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laimburg Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Ora 39040, Italy
| | | | - Diego Micheletti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige 38010, Italy
| | - Marco CAM Bink
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AA, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland E Voorrips
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Ebrahimi Aziz
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Velasco
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige 38010, Italy
| | - François Laurens
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé 49071, France
| | - W Eric van de Weg
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AJ, The Netherlands
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van der Voet H, de Boer WJ, Kruisselbrink JW, Goedhart PW, van der Heijden GW, Kennedy MC, Boon PE, van Klaveren JD. The MCRA model for probabilistic single-compound and cumulative risk assessment of pesticides. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 79:5-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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