1
|
Designing Media for Visually-Impaired Users of Refreshable Touch Displays: Possibilities and Pitfalls. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HAPTICS 2015; 8:248-257. [PMID: 26276998 DOI: 10.1109/toh.2015.2466231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses issues of importance to designers of media for visually impaired users. The paper considers the influence of human factors on the effectiveness of presentation as well as the strengths and weaknesses of tactile, vibrotactile, haptic, and multimodal methods of rendering maps, graphs, and models. The authors, all of whom are visually impaired researchers in this domain, present findings from their own work and work of many others who have contributed to the current understanding of how to prepare and render images for both hard-copy and technology-mediated presentation of Braille and tangible graphics.
Collapse
|
2
|
Screening for mild traumatic brain injury in OEF-OIF deployed US military: An empirical assessment of VHA's experience. Brain Inj 2013; 27:125-34. [DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2012.729284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
3
|
Is Fragmented Financing Bad for Your Health? INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 2011; 48:109-22. [DOI: 10.5034/inquiryjrnl_48.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Americans finance health care through a variety of private insurance plans and public programs. This organizational fragmentation could threaten continuity of care and adversely affect outcomes. Using a large sample of veterans who were eligible for mixtures of Veterans Health Administration- and Medicare-financed care, we estimate a system of equations to account for simultaneity in the determination of financing configuration and the probability of hospitalization for an ambulatory care sensitive condition. We find that a change of one standard deviation in financing fragmentation increases the risk of an adverse outcome by one-fifth.
Collapse
|
4
|
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PLASMA CHOLESTEROL AND BASAL METABOLISM. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2011; 2:935-7. [PMID: 20774285 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.3542.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
5
|
OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF TUMORS OF THE BLADDER: CLINICAL RESULTS AS OBTAINED FROM A REVIEW OF 1702 CASES OF OPERATIONS ON TUMORS OF THE BLADDER BY VARIOUS OPERATORS DURING THE LAST FIFTEEN YEARS. Ann Surg 2007; 62:456-462.10. [PMID: 17863438 PMCID: PMC1406737 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-191510000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Health care resource utilization and expenditures associated with the use of insulin glargine. Clin Ther 2007; 29:478-87. [PMID: 17577469 DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(07)80086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newer insulins, such as long-acting analogues, offer promise of better glycemic control, reduced risk for diabetes complications, and moderation of health care use and costs. OBJECTIVE We studied initiation of insulin glargine to evaluate its association with subsequent health service utilization and estimated expenditures. METHODS Patients of the Veterans Health Administration, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) who initiated insulin glargine (n=5064) in 2001-2002 were compared with patients receiving other insulin (n=69,944), matched on prescription month (index date). Inpatient and outpatient VA care in the 12 months after a patient's index date was evaluated using Tobit regression, controlling for prior utilization, demographic characteristics, comorbidities, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) levels, and diabetes severity. National average utilization costs and medication acquisition costs were used to estimate the value of VA expenditures. RESULTS Compared with other insulin users, insulin glargine initiators had higher HbA(1c) values (8.72% vs 8.16%) prior to the index date, but greater subsequent HbA(1c) reduction (-0.50% vs -0.22%). After adjustment for age, prior utilization, HbA(1c) levels, and other factors, insulin glargine initiation was associated with 2.4 (95% CI, 1.1-3.7) fewer inpatient days for patients with any hospital admission (US $820 lower costs per initiator), 1.6 (1.2-1.9) more outpatient encounters ($279 higher costs per initiator), and $374 ($362-$387) higher costs for diabetes medications. The net difference was an average lower VA cost of $166 (-$290 to $622) per patient. CONCLUSIONS Insulin glargine use was associated with decreased inpatient days but increased outpatient care, and the value of the net change in utilization to VA offset the additional medication expenditures. Initiation of insulin glargine improves glycemic control and may reduce time in hospital without additional use of health resources.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
Studies on the cholesterol content of normal human plasma: Part III. On the so-called alimentary hypercholesterolaemia. Biochem J 2006; 22:1048-56. [PMID: 16744098 PMCID: PMC1252221 DOI: 10.1042/bj0221048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
12
|
Notes on the estimation of the members of the sulphanilamide group, with special reference to sulphathiazole. Biochem J 2006; 35:1231-4. [PMID: 16747407 PMCID: PMC1265626 DOI: 10.1042/bj0351231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
Studies in the cholesterol content of human plasma: The non-sterol unsaponifiable matter of human plasma. Biochem J 2006; 28:1631-4. [PMID: 16745556 PMCID: PMC1253381 DOI: 10.1042/bj0281631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
The distribution of sterols in human faeces: An examination of ileal contents. Biochem J 2006; 29:1139-44. [PMID: 16745774 PMCID: PMC1266608 DOI: 10.1042/bj0291139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Respiratory Exchange in Fresh Water Fish: Part IV. Further Comparison of Gold-fish and Trout. Biochem J 2006; 16:729-35. [PMID: 16743138 PMCID: PMC1259133 DOI: 10.1042/bj0160729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
18
|
Studies on the cholesterol content of normal human plasma: A note on the effect of anticoagulants. Biochem J 2006; 32:1457-9. [PMID: 16746772 PMCID: PMC1264210 DOI: 10.1042/bj0321457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
19
|
Note on Montignie's isomer of cholesterol, and the effect of heat on cholesterol. Biochem J 2006; 24:1047-50. [PMID: 16744428 PMCID: PMC1254602 DOI: 10.1042/bj0241047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
A Critical Study of the Methods of Estimating Cholesterol and Allied Substances. Biochem J 2006; 15:363-75. [PMID: 16742997 PMCID: PMC1258990 DOI: 10.1042/bj0150363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Studies in the cholesterol content of human plasma: The nature of the sterols in blood-plasma. Biochem J 2006; 28:1635-9. [PMID: 16745557 PMCID: PMC1253382 DOI: 10.1042/bj0281635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
23
|
On the Composition of the Unsaponifiable Matter of the Ether Extract of Human Faeces. Biochem J 2006; 15:244-73. [PMID: 16742987 PMCID: PMC1258980 DOI: 10.1042/bj0150244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
24
|
Studies on the Cholesterol Content of Normal Human Plasma. Part II: The Attraction of the Proteins of Plasma for Sterols. Biochem J 2006; 21:141-7. [PMID: 16743798 PMCID: PMC1251884 DOI: 10.1042/bj0210141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
A Critical Study of the Methods of Estimating Cholesterol and its Esters in Tissues, Part II. Biochem J 2006; 18:1058-69. [PMID: 16743333 PMCID: PMC1259483 DOI: 10.1042/bj0181058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
On the Cholesterol Content of the Tissues of Cats under various Dietetic Conditions and during Inanition. Biochem J 2006; 7:576-87. [PMID: 16742274 PMCID: PMC1276526 DOI: 10.1042/bj0070576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
33
|
Note on a Source of Error in the Colorimetric Methods for the Estimation of Cholesterol in Tissue Fats. Biochem J 2006; 15:376-8. [PMID: 16742998 PMCID: PMC1258991 DOI: 10.1042/bj0150376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
34
|
Studies in the cholesterol content of normal human plasma: An improved macromethod for the estimation of cholesterol by digitonin. Biochem J 2006; 32:15-8. [PMID: 16746590 PMCID: PMC1263986 DOI: 10.1042/bj0320015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
35
|
Web-based touch display for accessible science education. HAPTIC HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-44589-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
36
|
|
37
|
Cadmium and indium defects in ceria and their interaction with oxygen vacancies and small polarons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:13214-13222. [PMID: 9980510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
38
|
Oxygen-vacancy complexes in cerium oxide studied by 111In time-differential perturbed-angular-correlation spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:638-651. [PMID: 10005536 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
39
|
PAC analysis of defect motion by Blume's stochastic model forI=5/2 electric quadrupole interactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02397709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
40
|
Energy transfer in lactose repressor protein modified with N-[[(iodoacetyl)amino]ethyl]-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonate. Biochemistry 1991; 30:2707-12. [PMID: 2001358 DOI: 10.1021/bi00224a019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Energy transfer between the two tryptophan residues in the lactose repressor protein and the fluorescent moiety of the cysteine-specific reagent N-[[(iodoacetyl)amino]ethyl]-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonate (1,5-IAEDANS) has been examined. Modification of repressor with this compound did not affect operator or inducer binding. 1,5-IAEDANS reacted primarily with Cys140 in wild-type repressor [Schneider et al. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 2221]; in the presence of inducer, modification at Cys107 increased, while reaction at Cys140 remained unchanged. Energy transfer between tryptophans and the AEDANS moiety(ies) in wild-type lac repressor occurred with an efficiency of 6.7 +/- 1.9% in the absence and 7.8 +/- 1.6% in the presence of inducer. The distance between the Trp donor(s) and the acceptor in wild-type repressor was calculated to be in the range approximately 35 A under both conditions. The similarity in efficiency despite large differences in the amount of acceptor attached to Cys107 when inducer is bound indicates that the AEDANS group at position 107 does not participate significantly in energy transfer and that the label at position 140 acts as the primary acceptor group. The similarity of energy-transfer efficiency (7.1 +/- 3.8%) observed for 1,5-IAEDANS-modified monomeric mutant repressor (Y282D) indicates that the transfer is primarily intrasubunit in the native tetramer. Measurements using two mutant repressors (each with a single tryptophan and modified with 1,5-IAEDANS) demonstrated that both tryptophans can serve as donor in the energy-transfer process. The W201Y repressor (containing Trp220) exhibited a transfer efficiency lower than wild type (5.6 +/- 2.4%), corresponding to a slightly larger distance between the donor-acceptor pair in this mutant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Characterization of two mutant lactose repressor proteins containing single tryptophans. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:21061-7. [PMID: 2250012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Two mutant lactose repressors, each containing a single tryptophan, were generated by site-specific mutagenesis. Tyrosine was substituted for tryptophan to be analogous to amber suppression mutants reported previously (Sommer, H., Lu, P., and Miller, J. H. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 3774-3779). Unlike the amber suppression mutants, plasmids containing the mutant sequences produce large quantities of stable, easily isolable protein. The binding properties of the site-specific mutant repressors (W201Y, W220Y) differ from those reported for the corresponding suppression mutants (A201, A220). Whereas minimal effects on operator dissociation rate from lambda plac DNA were noted for the suppression mutants, purified W201Y and W220Y proteins exhibit 10- and 5-fold reduced affinity for a 40-base pair operator, respectively, compared with wild-type. Inducer binding of the A201 and W201Y mutants was similar to that for wild-type repressor, but the inducer affinity of W220Y was approximately 2-fold lower than A220 (approximately 30-fold lower than wild-type). Fluorescence spectra and iodide quenching of the mutant proteins were similar to the suppression mutants, but the absorption coefficient differed significantly from the values reported previously. Acrylamide and iodide quenching results indicate that Trp201 is relatively buried whereas Trp220 is exposed to solvent; inducer binding reduces quenching of Trp220 significantly. CD spectra indicate that the mutant proteins have secondary structural features similar to those of wild-type. Inducer UV difference spectra showed that the major features reported for the wild-type isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside difference spectrum were attributable to both tryptophans. In the presence of melibiose, a new minimum appeared in the difference spectra of wild-type and W201Y which was not evident when these proteins bound isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside. It is possible that this new feature results from Trp220 involvement in a direct contact with the second sugar in disaccharide inducer molecules such as melibiose and 1,6-allolactose.
Collapse
|
43
|
Resolution of the fluorescence decay of the two tryptophan residues of lac repressor using single tryptophan mutants. Biophys J 1990; 58:363-78. [PMID: 2207244 PMCID: PMC1280978 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(90)82383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the time-resolved intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the lac repressor (a symmetric tetramer containing two tryptophan residues per monomer) and two single-tryptophan mutant repressors obtained by site-directed mutagenesis, lac W201Y and lac W220Y. These mutant repressor proteins have tyrosine substituted for tryptophan at positions 201 and 220, respectively, leaving a single tryptophan residue per monomeric subunit at position 220 for the W201Y mutant and at position 201 in the W220Y mutant. It was found that the two decay rates recovered from the analysis of the wild type data do not correspond to the rates recovered from the analysis of the decays of the mutant proteins. Each of these residues in the mutant repressors displays at least two decay rates. Global analysis of the multiwavelength data from all three proteins, however, yielded results consistent with the fluorescence decay of the wild type lac repressor corresponding simply to the weighted linear combination of the decays from the mutant proteins. The effect of ligation by the antagonistic ligands, inducer and operator DNA, was similar for all three proteins. The binding of the inducer sugar resulted in a quenching of the long-lived species, while binding by the operator decreased the lifetime of the short components. Investigation of the time-resolved anisotropy of the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence in these three proteins revealed that the depolarization of fluorescence resulted from a fast motion and the global tumbling of the macromolecule. Results from the simultaneous global analysis of the frequency domain data sets from the three proteins revealed anisotropic rotations for the macromolecule, consistent with the known elongated shape of the repressor tetramer. In addition, it appears that the excited-state dipole of tryptophan 220 is alighed with the long axis of the repressor.
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Perturbed angular correlation study of impurity interactions in a cubic host metal: Hf in Nb. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:4276-4280. [PMID: 9992414 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
46
|
Revision of the genera of the tribe Stigmoderini (Coleoptera : Buprestidae) with a discussion of Phylogenetic relationships. INVERTEBR SYST 1989. [DOI: 10.1071/it9890291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The tribe Stigmoderini is revised: the highly derived ovipositor provides evidence that the tribe is monophyletic. A scheme of evolution of the buprestid ovipositor is postulated. The genera of Stigmoderini are delineated and relationships between them are analysed using traditional Hennigian methods. Synapomorphic characters which suggest conflicting relationships are examined, the probability of homoplasy assessed, and a cladogram constructed which best fits the available data. The female accessory gland, a structure not recorded previously in any buprestid, is accorded high weight and supports the monophyly of Themognatha, Calodema and Metaxymorpha. Themognatha and Castiarina are elevated to generic status, monotypic Hypostigmodera is synonymised with Castiarina, and species groups are distinguished in Calodema and Metaxymorpha. A key to genera is provided. Generic characters are reviewed and taxonomically significant structures are illustrated with line drawings or scanning electron micrographs.
Collapse
|
47
|
Temperature dependence of YBa2Cu3O7-x local structure: A perturbed-angular-correlation study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:11317-11321. [PMID: 9946010 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.11317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
48
|
|
49
|
Mapping and analysis of protein sulfhydryl groups by modification with 2-bromoacetamido-4-nitrophenol. Anal Biochem 1987; 167:140-4. [PMID: 3434790 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A method for identifying cysteine-containing peptides in proteins is presented using 2-bromoacetamido-4-nitrophenol (BNP) to introduce an easily detectable probe. The formation of a covalent bond between the protein sulfhydryl group and the acetamido moiety of BNP introduces a chromophore with an absorbance maximum at 410 nm. The modified protein can then be cleaved with appropriate proteases and the resulting peptides separated by chromatographic methods. Monitoring the effluent at a single wavelength (405 nm) provides a rapid and simple method of detecting and isolating only those peptides which contain cysteine residue(s). The nitrophenol derivative is stable under conditions required for protease cleavage. The reagent is therefore useful for locating cysteine-containing peptides in protein digests and can be used to explore the accessibility of different cysteines under a variety of conditions. The ease of modification, specificity of reaction, product stability, and simple detection of modified peptides make BNP ideal for investigation of cysteine residues.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
We describe the use of 31P NMR spectroscopy in the study of metabolic changes related to hypoxia in cultured human tumor cells in vitro. The 31P NMR spectrum can easily distinguish between metabolically active cells, metabolically inactive "dormant" cells, and necrotic cells. A crucial observation was that of the ability of the "dormant" cells to resume active metabolism on incubation with oxygen after long periods of hypoxia.
Collapse
|