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Yuzyuk T, Balakrishnan B, Schwarz EL, De Biase I, Hobert J, Longo N, Mao R, Lai K, Pasquali M. Effect of genotype on galactose-1-phosphate in classic galactosemia patients. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:258-265. [PMID: 30172461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Impaired activity of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) causes classic galactosemia (OMIM 230400), characterized by the accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate (GAL1P) in patients' red blood cells (RBCs). Our recent study demonstrated a correlation between RBC GAL1P and long-term outcomes in galactosemia patients. Here, we analyze biochemical and molecular results in 77 classic galactosemia patients to evaluate the association between GALT genotypes and GAL1P concentration in RBCs. Experimental data from model organisms were also included to assess the correlation between GAL1P and predicted residual activity of each genotype. Although all individuals in this study showed markedly reduced RBC GALT activity, we observed significant differences in RBC GAL1P concentrations among galactosemia genotypes. While levels of GAL1P on treatment did not correlate with RBC GALT activities (p = 0.166), there was a negative nonlinear correlation between mean GAL1P concentrations and predicted residual enzyme activity of genotype (p = 0.004). These studies suggest that GAL1P levels in RBCs on treatment likely reflect the overall functional impairment of GALT in patients with galactosemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Yuzyuk
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Bijina Balakrishnan
- Division of Medical Genetics/Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Irene De Biase
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Judith Hobert
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Division of Medical Genetics/Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kent Lai
- Division of Medical Genetics/Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marzia Pasquali
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Chatel A, Hemming R, Hobert J, Natowicz MR, Triggs-Raine B, Merz DC. The C. elegans hyaluronidase: a developmentally significant enzyme with chondroitin-degrading activity at both acidic and neutral pH. Matrix Biol 2010; 29:494-502. [PMID: 20576486 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian hyaluronidases degrade hyaluronan and some structurally related glycosaminoglycans. We generated a deletion mutant in the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of mammalian hyaluronidase, hya-1. Mutant animals are viable and grossly normal, but exhibit defects in vulval morphogenesis and egg-laying and showed increased staining with alcian blue, consistent with an accumulation of glycosaminoglycan. A hya-1::GFP reporter was expressed in a restricted pattern in somatic tissues of the animal with strongest expression in the intestine, the PLM sensory neurons and the vulva. Total protein extracts from wild-type animals exhibited chondroitin-degrading but not hyaluronan-degrading activity. Chondroitinase activities were observed at both neutral and acidic pH conditions while both neutral and acidic activities were absent in extracts from hya-1 mutant strains. We also evaluated the function of oga-1, which encodes the C. elegans orthologue of MGEA-5, a protein with hyaluronan-degrading activity in vitro. oga-1 is expressed in muscles, vulval cells and the scavenger-like coelomocytes. An oga-1 mutant strain exhibited egg-laying and vulval defects similar to those of hya-1; chondroitinase activity was unaffected in this mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Chatel
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Abstract
Cluster analysis has been widely used to explore thousands of gene expressions from microarray analysis and identify a small number of similar genes (objects) for further detailed biological investigation. However, most clustering algorithms tend to identify loose clusters with too many genes. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian tight clustering method for time course gene expression data, which selects a small number of closely-related genes and constructs tight clusters only with these closely-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsung Joo
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Korea,
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