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Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K. Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family. Science 1994; 265:241-4. [PMID: 7912851 DOI: 10.1126/science.7912851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A gene encoding a 35-kilodalton guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, Gem, was cloned from mitogen-induced human peripheral blood T cells. Gem and Rad, the product of a gene overexpressed in skeletal muscle in individuals with Type II diabetes, constitute a new family of Ras-related GTP-binding proteins. The distinct structural features of this family include the G3 GTP-binding motif, extensive amino- and carboxyl-terminal extensions beyond the Ras-related domain, and a motif that determines membrane association. Gem was transiently expressed in human peripheral blood T cells in response to mitogenic stimulation; the protein was phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and localized to the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. Deregulated Gem expression prevented proliferation of normal and transformed 3T3 cells. These results suggest that Gem is a regulatory protein, possibly participating in receptor-mediated signal transduction at the plasma membrane.
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149 |
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Maguire J, Khan I, McMenemin R, O'Rourke N, McNee S, Kelly V, Peedell C, Snee M. SOCCAR: A randomised phase II trial comparing sequential versus concurrent chemotherapy and radical hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with inoperable stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and good performance status. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2939-49. [PMID: 25304298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cure of lung cancer is impossible without local tumour control. This can be compromised by accelerated repopulation of tumour cells during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A strategy to minimise accelerated repopulation might improve local control. We investigated whether concurrent chemo-radiotherapy could be given safely over four weeks. METHODS We conducted a randomised phase II trial in which patients with inoperable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) received a radical radiation dose over four weeks rather than conventional fractionation. Treatment was given either sequentially or concurrently with three to four cycles of cisplatinum and vinorelbine. 130 patients with inoperable stage III NSCLC and PS 0-1 were randomised to receive cisplatinum and vinorelbine with either sequential or concurrent chemo-radiation using 55Gy in 20 fractions over four weeks. The primary end-point was treatment related mortality. Secondary end-points were toxicity and survival. FINDINGS Treatment related mortality was: 2.9% (exact 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36-10.2%) and 1.7% (exact 95% CI 0.043-9.1%) for the Concurrent and Sequential group respectively; relative risk (RR) 1.25; (95% CI 0.55, 2.84). Toxicity was similar between arms; grade 3 or worse oesophagitis was 8.8% versus 8.5%; RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.58, 1.79). OS HR was 0.92; 95% CI (0.60-1.39; p=0.682). The 2 year overall survival rates were: 50% versus 46%; RR 1.06 (95% CI 0.77, 1.46) for Concurrent versus Sequential. INTERPRETATION A strategy to minimise the effects of accelerated repopulation using accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with chemotherapy is feasible, and reasonably safe for patients with stage III NSCLC. The reported two year survival is promising and suggests that a four week regime of radiotherapy should be compared with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy in an adequately powered randomised controlled phase III trial.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
11 |
93 |
3
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Maguire J, Wallace S, Madiga R, Leppanen R, Draper V. Evaluation of intrapedicular screw position using intraoperative evoked electromyography. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1995; 20:1068-74. [PMID: 7631237 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199505000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This study analyzed the parameters needed for electrical stimulation of vertebral pedicle drill bits and screws. OBJECTIVES The feasibility of using electrically evoked electromyography was studied. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Considerable potential for damage of adjacent nerve roots with incorrectly placed bits and screws exists with pedicular fixation of the lumbar spine. METHODS Ninety-five drill bits, one hundred forty-four screws, and thirty-four exposed nerve roots were electrically stimulated in thirty-six patients. Simultaneous evoked electromyographic activity was recorded from four muscle groups in each lower extremity during partial neuromuscular blockade. RESULTS A constant current threshold of 6 mA or less correlated with misplaced drill bits and screws that broached the cortex. Evoked electromyography was 93% sensitive whereas radiography was only 63% sensitive to detecting bits and screws that had broached the cortex. CONCLUSIONS Evoked electromyography is a valuable sensitive adjunct to radiographic examination of pedicle drill bit and screw placement.
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30 |
91 |
4
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Sheraidah G, Steinmetz R, Maguire J, Pauleikhoff D, Marshall J, Bird AC. Correlation between lipids extracted from Bruch's membrane and age. Ophthalmology 1993; 100:47-51. [PMID: 8433826 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(13)31712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing circumstantial evidence that the chemical composition of the deposits in Bruch's membrane influences the clinical outcome in age-related macular disease. In particular, it has been postulated that deposition of neutral lipids in Bruch's membrane may cause hydrophobicity and predispose to detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium and cause functional loss. METHODS Analysis of the lipid extracted from Bruch's membrane of eye bank eyes from donors of different ages has been undertaken using thin layer and gas chromatography. No clinical information was available concerning any previous eye disease. RESULTS It is shown that the lipid extracted increases with the age of the donor, and that the total quantity and ratio of neutral fats to phospholipids varies widely from one specimen to another from donors older than 60 years of age. The ratios of the different phospholipids imply that they are not derived from blood. CONCLUSION The results are compatible with the concept of hydrophobicity developing with age in Bruch's membrane.
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87 |
5
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Williams B, Curtis N, McKnight A, Maguire J, Foster A, Tridgett R. Development of NK-2 selective antagonists. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(88)90409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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82 |
6
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Abstract
AIMS To review the epidemiology, diagnosis and changing treatment paradigm of ocular candidiasis, and report current prevalence rates and risk factors at one inpatient hospital. DESIGN Retrospective review; systematic literature review. METHODS All Wills Eye Institute inpatient ophthalmology consultations from Thomas Jefferson University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed between June 2006 and November 2006. All consultations for candidaemia were included. The outcome variables included chorioretinitis, endophthalmitis, visual symptoms and Candida speciation. The ophthalmic literature was reviewed using PubMed. Keywords included Candida, candidaemia, chorioretinitis, vitritis and endophthalmitis. Bibliographies were manually searched. RESULTS Three of the 38 consultations for candidaemia (7.9%) had chorioretinitis. There were no cases of vitritis or endophthalmitis. The presence of symptoms, or the inability to articulate symptoms, was significantly associated with risk of ocular candidiasis (p = 0.003). All three cases of chorioretinitis had positive blood cultures for Candida albicans (p = 0.089) and were treated with oral fluconazole. CONCLUSIONS Various factors have led to the increasing prevalence of inpatient candidaemia. Risk factors for ocular involvement include albicans species and the presence of, or inability to articulate, visual symptoms. For those without abnormal findings on initial examination, a subsequent retinal examination should be performed in 2 weeks, particularly if new symptoms develop or if the patient is unable to relay symptoms. Patients with chorioretinitis should be treated with systemic antifungal agents. For those with vitritis or endophthalmitis, particularly if worsening on systemic therapy alone, intravitreal antifungal medications or early vitrectomy should be considered.
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Review |
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75 |
7
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Pullen GP, Best NR, Maguire J. Anticholinergic drug abuse: a common problem? BMJ : BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1984; 289:612-3. [PMID: 6432211 PMCID: PMC1442870 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.289.6445.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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research-article |
41 |
73 |
8
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Longmore J, Razzaque Z, Shaw D, Davenport AP, Maguire J, Pickard JD, Schofield WN, Hill RG. Comparison of the vasoconstrictor effects of rizatriptan and sumatriptan in human isolated cranial arteries: immunohistological demonstration of the involvement of 5-HT1B-receptors. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 46:577-82. [PMID: 9862247 PMCID: PMC1873795 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00821.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We compared the vasoconstrictor effects of 5-HT with those of the selective 5-HT1B/1D-receptor agonists sumatriptan and rizatriptan in human isolated cranial (middle meningeal) arteries. In addition selective 5-HT1B- or 5-HT1D-receptor antibodies were used in combination with semiquantitative immunohistochemical techniques to compare the levels of expression of these receptors in human middle meningeal and coronary arteries. METHODS Middle meningeal and coronary arteries were obtained (with consent) from either neurosurgical patients or donor hearts, respectively. Segments of middle meningeal artery were mounted in organ baths for isometric recording and cumulative concentration-effect curves to 5-HT, rizatriptan and sumatriptan were obtained. Frozen fresh sections of middle meningeal and coronary arteries were subjected to standard immunohistochemical techniques using specific 5-HT1B- or 5-HT1D-receptor primary antibodies and a radiolabelled secondary antibody. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and nonlinear regression analysis. RESULTS 5-HT, rizatriptan and sumatriptan were potent vasoconstrictors in human isolated middle meningeal artery (EC50 values=32, 90 and 71 nM, respectively). A significantly higher level of 5-HT1B-receptor immunoreactivity was detected in middle meningeal artery compared with coronary artery (ANOVA, F=7.95, DF=1,4, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Rizatriptan and sumatriptan act selectively to cause vasoconstriction in human isolated middle meningeal artery and are 10-fold more potent than in human coronary artery. The higher level of expression of 5-HT1B-receptors in middle meningeal compared with coronary artery provides a pharmacological basis for the craniovascular selectively of both rizatriptan and sumatriptan.
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research-article |
27 |
64 |
9
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Lonstein JS, Maguire J, Meinlschmidt G, Neumann ID. Emotion and mood adaptations in the peripartum female:complementary contributions of GABA and oxytocin. J Neuroendocrinol 2014; 26:649-64. [PMID: 25074620 PMCID: PMC5487494 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Peripartum hormones and sensory cues from young modify the maternal brain in ways that can render females either at risk for, or resilient to, elevated anxiety and depression. The neurochemical systems underlying these aspects of maternal emotional and mood states include the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT). Data from laboratory rodents indicate that increased activity at the GABA(A) receptor contributes to the postpartum suppression of anxiety-related behaviour that is mediated by physical contact with offspring, whereas dysregulation in GABAergic signalling results in deficits in maternal care, as well as anxiety- and depression-like behaviours during the postpartum period. Similarly, activation of the brain OXT system accompanied by increased OXT release within numerous brain sites in response to reproductive stimuli also reduces postpartum anxiety- and depression-like behaviours. Studies of peripartum women are consistent with these findings in rodents. Given the similar consequences of elevated central GABA and OXT activity on maternal anxiety and depression, balanced and partly reciprocal interactions between these two systems may be essential for their effects on maternal emotional and mood states, in addition to other aspects of postpartum behaviour and physiology.
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Review |
11 |
63 |
10
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25 |
53 |
11
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Melnick RL, Tinberg HM, Maguire J, Packer L. Studies on mitochondrial proteins. I. Separation and characterization by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 311:230-41. [PMID: 4123946 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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52 |
50 |
12
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Maguire J, Ryan D. Aggression and violence in mental health services: categorizing the experiences of Irish nurses. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2007; 14:120-7. [PMID: 17352773 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2007.01051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that nurses in mental health services are likely to be victims of violence or aggression. One of the key difficulties in comparing international findings, however, has been that there has been an inadequate categorization of the types of incident to which staff are exposed. The current study aimed to identify the types of violent or aggressive incidents that staff in Irish Mental Health Services were exposed to within a 1-month long period. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with all nurses working in one of the Mental Health Services in Ireland, serving both an urban and rural population. Data were collected through a questionnaire (Scale of Aggressive and Violent Experiences) adapted from the Perceptions of Prevalence of Aggression Scale. The questionnaire was designed to collect data relating to both personal and professional demographics of the sample as well as experiences of aggressive or violent incidents respondents may have encountered in their work situation. There was a response rate of 31%. Data were analysed utilizing SPSS-11. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were undertaken. The relevant data were subjected to a series of one-way ANOVAS and chi-squared analysis. The findings suggest that nursing staff in this Mental Health Service experienced high levels of verbal aggression, with distinctions obvious between threatening and non-threatening aggression, suggesting discernment in terms of intentionality. Additionally, respondents encountered greater levels of covert or indirect violence or aggression than forms that were overtly directed towards staff. The implications are discussed in relation to both policy and practice.
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18 |
49 |
13
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Davidson K, Anderson DM, Mateus M, Reguera B, Silke J, Sourisseau M, Maguire J. Forecasting the risk of harmful algal blooms. HARMFUL ALGAE 2016; 53:1-7. [PMID: 28073436 PMCID: PMC6507399 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The "Applied Simulations and Integrated Modelling for the Understanding of Harmful Algal Blooms" (Asimuth) project sought to develop a harmful algal bloom (HAB) alert system for Atlantic Europe. This was approached by combining, at a national or regional level, regulatory monitoring phytoplankton and biotoxin data with satellite remote sensing and other information on current marine conditions, coupled with regional scale models that included a representation of HAB transport. Synthesis of these products was achieved by expert interpretation within HAB risk alert bulletins that were prepared on a regular basis (typically weekly) for use by the aquaculture industry. In this preface to the Asimuth Special Issue we outline the main HAB species of concern in the region and the strengths and limitations of different methodologies to provide early warning of their blooms.
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Editorial |
9 |
48 |
14
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Tinberg HM, Melnick RL, Maguire J, Packer L. Studies on mitochondrial proteins. II. Localization of components in the inner membrane: labeling with diazobenzenesulfonate, a non-penetrating probe. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 345:118-28. [PMID: 4151683 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(74)90251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48 |
15
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Langham RG, Kelly DJ, Maguire J, Dowling JP, Gilbert RE, Thomson NM. Over-expression of platelet-derived growth factor in human diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18:1392-6. [PMID: 12808179 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfg177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for progressive renal impairment of diabetic nephropathy are still poorly understood, despite its growing incidence. Increasing evidence suggests that growth factors may contribute to the initiation and progressive fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy. In this study, the gene expression and protein distribution of platelet-derived growth factor-A and -B (PDGF-A and PDGF-B) in human diabetic nephropathy were examined. METHODS PDGF-A and PDGF-B mRNA levels in surplus renal biopsy tissue from seven patients with overt diabetic nephropathy and six nephrectomy samples were examined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In addition, each sample was also examined immunohistochemically to quantify and localize peptide expression of each PDGF isoform. RESULTS Gene expression of PDGF-A and PDGF-B mRNA were increased 22- and 6-fold, respectively, in biopsies from patients with diabetic nephropathy compared with control tissue. Immunostaining also demonstrated increased peptide expression of both PDGF-A and PDGF-B in diabetic nephropathy, with each isoform showing a specific pattern of tissue distribution. CONCLUSIONS The findings of increased gene and protein expression of PDGF in renal biopsies from patients with diabetic nephropathy imply a potential role for this prosclerotic growth factor in the development of the progressive fibrosis that characterizes human diabetic kidney disease.
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22 |
42 |
16
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Abdi S, Herndon DN, Traber LD, Ashley KD, Stothert JC, Maguire J, Butler R, Traber DL. Lung edema formation following inhalation injury: role of the bronchial blood flow. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1991; 71:727-34. [PMID: 1938747 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of the bronchial blood flow to the lung lymph flow (QL) and lung edema formation after inhalation injury in sheep (n = 18). The animals were equally divided into three groups and chronically prepared by implantation of cardiopulmonary catheters and a flow probe on the common bronchial artery. Groups 1 and 2 sheep were insufflated with 48 breaths of cotton smoke while group 3 received only room air. Just before injury, the bronchial artery of group 2 animals was occluded. The occlusion was maintained for the duration of the 24-h study period. At the end of the investigation, samples of lung were taken for determination of blood-free wet weight-to-dry weight ratio (W/D). Inhalation injury induced a sevenfold increase in QL in group 1 (7 +/- 1 to 50 +/- 9 ml/h; P less than 0.05) but only a threefold increase in group 2 (10 +/- 2 to 28 +/- 7 ml/h; P less than 0.05). The mean W/D value of group 1 animals was 23% higher than that of group 2 (5.1 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.2; P less than 0.05). Our data suggest that the bronchial circulation contributes to edema formation in the lung that is often seen after the acute lung injury with smoke inhalation.
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Nolan A, Badminton J, Maguire J, Seymour RA. The efficacy of topical hyaluronic acid in the management of oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2009; 38:299-303. [PMID: 19267842 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical hyaluronic acid (HA) gel preparation (0.2%) in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP). METHODS A total of 124 patients with erosive OLP participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of a topical HA preparation. Outcome measures included soreness relief following immediate application, oral function and size of erosive/ulcerative area. Patients were medicated for 28 days and completed a log diary recording oral function and soreness scores. RESULTS Application of topical HA produced a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in soreness scores when compared with placebo for up to 4 h post-application. There was no difference between treatment groups (P > 0.05) with respect to oral function. Patients treated with 0.2% HA showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the size of the erosive/ulcerated area after 28 days of treatment when compared with baseline. There was no significant difference in changes in ulcerative areas between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Topical HA (0.2%) does appear to be of some benefit in the management of erosive lichen planus providing efficacy for up to 4 h after administration. Very frequent applications should be considered to obtain a more significant clinical benefit. Topical HA gel may be a useful addition to the treatment option for OLP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial |
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38 |
18
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Rattan R, Narita K, Chien J, Maguire JL, Shridhar R, Giri S, Shridhar V. TCEAL7, a putative tumor suppressor gene, negatively regulates NF-κB pathway. Oncogene 2009; 29:1362-73. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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19
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Skrabanek P, Balfe A, Webb M, Maguire J, Powell D. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increases plasma growth hormone, prolactin, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone but not thyrotropin or substance P. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1981; 6:261-7. [PMID: 6170084 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4530(81)90036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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44 |
32 |
20
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Murray KJ, England PJ, Hallam TJ, Maguire J, Moores K, Reeves ML, Simpson AW, Rink TJ. The effects of siguazodan, a selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on human platelet function. Br J Pharmacol 1990; 99:612-6. [PMID: 2158847 PMCID: PMC1917327 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb12978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The effects of siguazodan (SK&F 94836) a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor with inotropic and vasodilator activity, were studied on human platelets. 2. Siguazodan selectively inhibited the major cyclic AMP-hydrolysing PDE in human platelet supernatants. The inhibited enzyme has been variously termed cyclic GMP-inhibited PDE or PDE-III. 3. In platelet-rich plasma (PRP), siguazodan inhibited U46619-induced aggregation more potently than that induced by ADP and collagen. Treatment of the PRP with aspirin had no effect on the potency of siguazodan. 4. In washed platelets, siguazodan increased cyclic AMP levels and reduced cytoplasmic free calcium [( Ca2+]i). ADP decreased the ability of siguazodan to raise cyclic AMP and this may explain its lower potency in inhibiting responses to ADP. 5. Siguazodan has anti-platelet actions over the same concentration range that it is an inotrope and vasodilator.
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research-article |
35 |
30 |
21
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Tarnopolsky MA, Maguire J, Myint T, Applegarth D, Robinson BH. Clinical, physiological, and histological features in a kindred with the T3271C melas mutation. Muscle Nerve 1998; 21:25-33. [PMID: 9427220 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199801)21:1<25::aid-mus4>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients with MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes) have an A-->G mutation at nucleotide 3243 in mitochondrial transfer (t)RNA. To date there have only been 10 reported cases of MELAS syndrome in patients with a T-->C mutation at position 3271 of mitochondrial tRNA. Although many of the clinical features are similar between patients with these different mutations, it appears that the age at onset is later for the 3271 mutation. This report provides information from a North American kindred with the 3271 mutation (n = 6 proven; n = 2 probable; n = 3 possible) that adds clinical, physiological, histological, and molecular information to the pool of information on this rare disorder. Many of these features were similar to previous reports of both 3243 and 3271 patients. We conclude that the phenotypic expression of these different mutations are similar, but the age of onset for 3271 patients is later than for 3243 patients.
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Case Reports |
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McNeill PM, Kerridge IH, Henry DA, Stokes B, Hill SR, Newby D, Macdonald GJ, Day RO, Maguire J, Henderson KM. Giving and receiving of gifts between pharmaceutical companies and medical specialists in Australia. Intern Med J 2006; 36:571-8. [PMID: 16911549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the 'gift-relationship' between pharmaceutical companies and doctors. METHODS The study was based on a survey questionnaire of 823 medical specialists from across Australia. The aim of this study was to investigate gifts offered to medical specialists in Australia by pharmaceutical companies, financial support actively sought by medical specialists for activities other than research and to consider what is ethically appropriate. RESULTS A high percentage of specialists received offers of food (96%), items for the office (94%), personal gifts (51%) and journals or textbooks (50%). Most specialists were invited to product launches, symposia or educational events (75-84%) and 52% received offers of travel to conferences. A high proportion of offers were accepted (66-79%) except invitations to product launches (49%), sponsored symposia (53%) and offers of travel that included partners (27%). Fifteen per cent of specialists requested financial support from pharmaceutical companies for activities and items, including conferences, travel, educational activities, salaries and donations to specific funds. The study outlined guidelines on gifts from pharmaceutical companies and differing standards applying to gifts and grants for travel. We found that, although most gifts and requests for support complied with professional and pharmaceutical industry guidelines, some--including personal gifts, tickets to sporting events, entertainment and travel expenses for specialists' partners--did not. CONCLUSION To ensure that physicians' judgements are free from real or perceived influence from industry and to maintain public trust, we support a shift towards more conservative standards on gifts and support for travel evident in recent guidelines.
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Palmer SH, Servant CT, Maguire J, Parish EN, Cross MJ. Ability to kneel after total knee replacement. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY. BRITISH VOLUME 2002; 84:220-2. [PMID: 11922363 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b2.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the ability to kneel after total knee replacement. We asked 75 patients (100 knees) at least six months after routine uncemented primary total knee replacement, to comment on and to demonstrate their ability to kneel. Differences between the perceived and actual ability to kneel were noted. In 32 knees patients stated that they could kneel without significant discomfort. In 54 knees patients avoided kneeling because of uncertainties or recommendations from third parties (doctors, nursing staff, friends, etc). A total of 64 patients was actually able to kneel without discomfort or with mild discomfort only and 12 of the remainder were unable to kneel because of problems which were not related to the knee. Twenty-four patients therefore were unable to kneel because of discomfort in the knee. There was no difference between the 'kneelers' and 'non-kneelers' with regard to overall knee score, range of movement and the presence of patellar resurfacing.
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Maguire J, Madigan R, Wallace S, Leppanen R, Draper V. Intraoperative long-latency reflex activity in idiopathic scoliosis demonstrates abnormal central processing. A possible cause of idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1993; 18:1621-6. [PMID: 8235841 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199309000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Segmental reflex regulation in 37 patients with idiopathic scoliosis and 8 patients with nonidiopathic scoliosis was studied by recording evoked reflex muscle potentials from four muscle groups in each lower extremity during partial neuromuscular blockade. Effects on reflex activity mediated through descending systems arising in the brain stem were investigated by recording from proximal-distal and flexor-extensor muscles. Ipsilateral and contralateral long-latency complex polysynaptic activity was present in all 37 patients with idiopathic scoliosis. This reflex activity was absent in eight nonidiopathic scoliosis patients. Long-latency reflex activity may represent segmental disinhibition. The presence of long-latency reflex activity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and the absence of this activity in nonidiopathic scoliosis patients with curves of equal magnitude demonstrates that the curve per se is not responsible for the activity. This would imply that abnormal reflex processing may play a role in the development of the spinal deformity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
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Bittencourt AL, Mota E, Ribeiro Filho R, Fernandes LG, de Almeida PR, Sherlock I, Maguire J, Piesman J, Todd CW. Incidence of congenital Chagas' disease in Bahia, Brazil. J Trop Pediatr 1985; 31:242-8. [PMID: 3934399 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/31.5.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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