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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT. Phylogeny of the neurohypophysial hormones. The avian active peptides. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1970; 17:509-13. [PMID: 5493980 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb01193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Acher R, Chauvet J. The neurohypophysial endocrine regulatory cascade: precursors, mediators, receptors, and effectors. Front Neuroendocrinol 1995; 16:237-89. [PMID: 7556852 DOI: 10.1006/frne.1995.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The neurohypophysial endocrine regulatory cascade has been described as a molecular model of neuroendocrine control of organismal functions. Any physiological function can be analyzed in molecular terms as a succession of interactions occurring either in a solution or in a membrane system. The key mechanism in the ordering of the cascade is the conformational recognition of the two partners at each step. Each interaction results in a change of conformation of a recognized protein that in turn becomes a recognizer for the following molecule. The cascade starts within the secretory cell by the processing of the expressed precursor along the secretory pathway until the storage of the mature mediator in vesicles and its subsequent exocytic secretion in blood. The circulating mediator recognizes the target cell through specific membrane receptors that transduce the message within this target cell. A second intracellular cascade leads to activation of the effector, the protein fulfilling the physiological function. The complexity of the messages is, in part, due to the duplication propensity of the genomic DNA, the frequent occurrence of multiple copies for precursors, mediators, receptors, and effectors, and therefore, a combinatorial diversity that increases during the course of evolution. Vertebrate neurohypophysial hormones can be ordered in two main evolutionary lineages, culminating in oxytocin and vasopressin in placental mammals. In this field, diversification of the messages was made by differential processing of the precursors, secondary gene duplications, the emergence of several types of receptors for each hormone, and a variety of effectors triggered by the second messengers within differentiated target cells. This review is an attempt to integrate neurohypophysial functions at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels.
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Review |
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Delorme-Walker V, Abrivard M, Lagal V, Anderson K, Perazzi A, Gonzalez V, Page C, Chauvet J, Ochoa W, Volkmann N, Hanein D, Tardieux I. Toxofilin upregulates the host cortical actin cytoskeleton dynamics, facilitating Toxoplasma invasion. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:4333-42. [PMID: 22641695 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, a human pathogen and a model apicomplexan parasite, actively and rapidly invades host cells. To initiate invasion, the parasite induces the formation of a parasite-cell junction, and progressively propels itself through the junction, inside a newly formed vacuole that encloses the entering parasite. Little is known about how a parasite that is a few microns in diameter overcomes the host cell cortical actin barrier to achieve the remarkably rapid process of internalization (less than a few seconds). Using correlative light and electron microscopy in conjunction with electron tomography and three-dimensional image analysis we identified that toxofilin, an actin-binding protein, secreted by invading parasites correlates with localized sites of disassembly of the host cell actin meshwork. Moreover, quantitative fluorescence speckle microscopy of cells expressing toxofilin showed that toxofilin regulates actin filament disassembly and turnover. Furthermore, Toxoplasma tachyzoites lacking toxofilin, were found to be impaired in cortical actin disassembly and exhibited delayed invasion kinetics. We propose that toxofilin locally upregulates actin turnover thus increasing depolymerization events at the site of entry that in turn loosens the local host cell actin meshwork, facilitating parasite internalization and vacuole folding.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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Chauvet MT, Hurpet D, Chauvet J, Acher R. Phenypressin (Phe2-Arg8-vasopressin), a new neurohypophysial peptide found in marsupials. Nature 1980; 287:640-2. [PMID: 7432483 DOI: 10.1038/287640a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations on marsupial neurohypophysial hormones have revealed that species belonging to the Australian family Macropodidae and the American family Didelphidae have, apart from an oxytocin-like hormone, two vasopressin-like peptides which can be separated either by ion-exchange chromatography or chromatoelectrophoresis. The major pressor hormone of two Australian species, the red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and the tammar (Macropus eugenii), has been identified as lysine vasopressin by its amino acid sequence anda its pharmacological properties. We report here that the minor pressor hormone, which chromatographs on Amberlite CG-50 like arginine vasopressin, differs from it in sequence only at position 2 where phenylalanine replaces the tyrosine of arginine vasopressin.
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Chauvet MT, Chauvet J, Acher R. Phylogeny of neurophysins: partial amino acid sequence of a sheep neurophysin. FEBS Lett 1975; 52:212-5. [PMID: 1132475 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Chauvet MT, Colne T, Hurpet D, Chauvet J, Acher R. A multigene family for the vasopressin-like hormones? Identification of mesotocin, lysipressin and phenypressin in Australian macropods. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983; 116:258-63. [PMID: 6639661 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(83)90409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesotocin ([Ile8]-oxytocin), lysipressin ([ Lys8]-vasopressin) and phenypressin ([Phe8]-vasopressin) have been identified in the western gray kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) as well as four other macropodids. Lysipressin and phenypressin, which differ by the amino acids in positions 2 (Tyr/Phe) and 8 (Lys/Arg) are likely products of two separate vasopressin-like genes. It is assumed that arginine vasopressin found in most mammals is the product of two identical genes which can be revealed in some species by differential mutations as seen usually in marsupials. The duality can also be revealed by differential mutations in another domain of the precursors, such as the neurophysin (MSEL-neurophysin), as observed in the ox.
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Comparative Study |
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Acher R, Chauvet J. Structure, processing and evolution of the neurohypophysial hormone-neurophysin precursors. Biochimie 1988; 70:1197-207. [PMID: 3147712 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9084(88)90185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurohypophysial hormones and neurophysins are derived from common precursors processed during the axonal transport from the hypothalamus to the neurohypophysis. Two neurohormones, an oxytocin-like and a vasopressin-like, on one hand, two neurophysins, termed VLDV-and MSEL-neurophysins according to residues in positions 2, 3, 6 and 7, on the other, are usually found in vertebrate species. In contrast to placental mammals that have oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, marsupials have undergone a peculiar evolution. Two pressor peptides, lysipressin and vasopressin for American species, lysipressin and phenylpressin for Australian macropods, have been identified in individual glands and it is assumed that the primordial vasopressin gene has been duplicated in these lineages. On the other hand, the reptilian mesotocin is still present in Australian species instead of the mammalian oxytocin, while the North American opossum has both hormones and South American opossums have only oxytocin. The neurophysin domain of each precursor is encoded by 3 exons and different evolutionary rates have been found for the 3 corresponding parts of the protein. The central parts, encoded by the central exons, are evolutionarily very stable and nearly identical in the 2 neurophysins of a given species. Recurrent gene conversions have apparently linked the evolutions of the 2 precursor lineages. In mammals, the 3-domain precursor of vasopressin is processed in 2 stages: a first cleavage splitting off vasopressin and a second cleavage separating MSEL-neurophysin from copeptin. Two distinct enzymatic systems seem to be involved in these cleavages. Processing is usually complete at the level of the neurohypophysis, but an intermediate precursor encompassing MSEL -neurophysin and copeptin linked by an arginine residue has been characterized in guinea pig. In vitro processing of this intermediate through trypsin--Sepharose reveals cleavages only in the interdomain region. In non-mammalian tetrapods, such as birds and amphibians, mesotocin and vasotocin are associated with neurophysins in precursors similar to those found in mammals. However, processing of the vasotocin precursor seems to be different from the processing of the vasopressin precursor, with a single cleavage leading to the hormone release.
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Comparative Study |
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Métras D, Coulibaly AO, Ouattara K, Longechaud A, Millet P, Chauvet J. Open-heart surgery in sickle-cell haemoglobinopathies: report of 15 cases. Thorax 1982; 37:486-91. [PMID: 7135286 PMCID: PMC459351 DOI: 10.1136/thx.37.7.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen cases of open-heart surgery in patients with sickle-cell haemoglobinopathies are reported; 13 had sickle-cell trait, one had SC haemoglobinopathy, and one had β-thalassaemia sickle-cell disease. All patients except one were operated on with moderate hypothermia, aortic cross-clamping, topical hypothermia, and cold cardioplegia. A bloodless priming solution was used in nine patients and five did not receive any blood throughout their hospital stay. Arterial and venous blood gas analysis and a search for sickle cells and haemolysis were carried out during and after cardiopulmonary bypass. The data were compared with the findings in a group of 29 patients without haemoglobinopathy operated on without blood transfusion. Two patients died from low cardiac output, unrelated to the haemoglobinopathy. All other patients recovered uneventfully. Sickling occurred during and after bypass in only one case, and the percentage of sickle cells was considerably lower during and after surgery than before. Haemolysis occurred only once during cardiopulmonary bypass and twice after surgery (the two deaths from low cardiac output). There was no acidosis or hypoxia. There was no difference in the loss of haemoglobin between the 13 survivors and the control group. Our data suggest that adequate oxygenation and avoidance of acidosis and dehydration during surgery are important. On the other hand, we do not believe that preoperative transfusion or exchange transfusion, a blood prime, normothermia, and the avoidance of aortic cross-clamping or topical hypothermia are essential precautions. We believe that transfusion should be used during cardiopulmonary bypass only for severely anaemic patients. The technique used in our cases adds to the safety of the procedure and improves the protection of the myocardium.
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research-article |
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Rouillé Y, Michel G, Chauvet MT, Chauvet J, Acher R. Hydrins, hydroosmotic neurohypophysial peptides: osmoregulatory adaptation in amphibians through vasotocin precursor processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:5272-5. [PMID: 2787509 PMCID: PMC297603 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.14.5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
From neurointermediate pituitary glands of Xenopus laevis and Rana esculenta, previously unreported peptides termed hydrins, active on water permeability of frog urinary bladder and frog skin (Brunn or "water-balance" effect), have been isolated and sequenced. These peptides seem to be derived from the pro-vasotocin-neurophysin precursor. Hydrin 1, found in Xenopus, has been identified as vasotocin C-terminally extended with the Gly-Lys-Arg sequence; hydrin 2, found in Rana, has been identified as vasotocin C-terminally extended with glycine. Hydrin 2 has been detected in several Ranidae (R. esculenta, Rana temporaria, Rana pipiens) and Bufonidae (Bufo bufo, Bufo ictericus) and appears to have a large distribution in terrestrial or semiaquatic anurans. Hydrins, in contrast to vasotocin, are not active on rat uterus or rat blood pressure. They are absent from other vasotocin-bearers such as birds and could be involved specifically in water-electrolyte regulation of amphibians.
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research-article |
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Chauvet MT, Chauvet J, Acher R. Identification of rat neurophysins: complete amino acid sequences of MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 103:595-603. [PMID: 7036996 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)90493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Chauvet MT, Codogno P, Chauvet J, Acher R. Comparison between MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins. Complete amino acid sequences of porcine and bovine VLDV-neurophysins. FEBS Lett 1979; 98:37-40. [PMID: 428540 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Comparative Study |
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Chauvet MT, Hurpet D, Chauvet J, Acher R. Identification of human neurophysins: complete amino acid sequences of MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983; 80:2839-43. [PMID: 6574452 PMCID: PMC393927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.10.2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Two human neurophysins have been purified from acetone-desiccated posterior pituitaries by acidic extraction, molecular sieving, and ion-exchange chromatography. The complete amino acid sequence of each protein has been determined by using a sequencer and characterizing two sets of overlapping enzymic peptides. The two neurophysins belong to two structural families previously defined as MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins according to the nature of the residues in positions 2, 3, 6, and 7. (MSEL-neurophysins contain methionine-2, serine-3, glutamic acid-6, and leucine-7; VLDV-neurophysins contain valine-2, leucine-3, aspartic acid-6, and valine-7.) Human MSEL-neurophysin has only 93 residues instead of 95 usually found in MSEL-neurophysins from other mammalian species, probably because of a deletion of amino acids 91 and 92. Compared with bovine MSEL-neurophysin, nine variations (seven substitutions and two deletions) are observed. Human VLDV-neurophysin has 93 residues, as do the other mammalian VLDV-neurophysins. There are 11 substitutions when the comparison is made with bovine VLDV-neurophysin. Between the two human neurophysins, there are 26 variations. However, the central parts of the proteins (residues 10-70) are nearly identical. Furthermore, in this region identical substitutions are found in positions 29 and 60 of both neurophysins, suggesting either a single exon or some relationship between the two corresponding genes.
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research-article |
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Chauvet J, Hurpet D, Michel G, Chauvet MT, Acher R. Two multigene families for marsupial neurohypophysial hormones? Identification of oxytocin, mesotocin, lysipressin and arginine vasopressin in the North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984; 123:306-11. [PMID: 6477584 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)90413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin, mesotocin ([Ile8]-oxytocin), lysipressin ([Lys8]-vasopressin) and arginine vasopressin have been identified in the North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana) by amino acid composition and high pressure liquid chromatography. The same peptides with the exception of mesotocin have previously been found in two South American opossums (Didelphis marsupialis and Philander opossum). Although a dual heterozygocity could also explain the simultaneous presence of oxytocin/mesotocin on one hand, lysipressin/arginine vasopressin on the other, it is assumed, from the results obtained with individual glands of Australian and South American marsupials, that distinct genes encode for the four peptides.
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Comparative Study |
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Chauvet M, Chauvet J, Acher R. The complete amino acid sequence of the major ovine neurophysin (MSEL-neurophysin); comparison with a re-investigated bovine MSEL-neurophysin. FEBS Lett 1975; 58:234-7. [PMID: 1225586 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Comparative Study |
50 |
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Michel G, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT, Acher R. One-step processing of the amphibian vasotocin precursor: structure of a frog (Rana esculenta) "big" neurophysin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987; 149:538-44. [PMID: 3501288 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(87)90401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Vasotocin-associated neurophysin (MSEL-neurophysin) from the frog Rana esculenta has been isolated and sequenced through tryptic and staphylococcal proteinase peptides and cyanogen bromide fragments. This protein appears homologous to the mammalian vasopressin-associated neurophysin with a C-terminal glycopeptide extension homologous to the mammalian copeptin. In contrast to the two-step processing of mammalian vasopressin/MSEL-neurophysin/copeptin precursor, a single cleavage is therefore involved in the processing of the amphibian vasotocin/neurophysin precursor. It appears that the physiological release of the vasopressin-like hormone from the N-terminal end of the protein precursor is not dependent upon a previous trimming of the C-terminal copeptin-like moiety.
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet M, Crepy D. Phylogénie des peptides nuerohypophysaires: Isolement de la mesotocine (lleu8-ocytocine) de la grenouille, intermédiaire entre la Ser4-lleu8-ocytocine des poissons osseux et l'ocytocine des mammifères. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(64)90243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Rouillé Y. Adaptive evolution of water homeostasis regulation in amphibians: Vasotocin and hydrins. Biol Cell 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1768-322x.1997.tb01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT. Phylogeny of the neurohypophysial hormones. Two new active peptides isolated from a cartilaginous fish, Squalus acanthias. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 29:12-9. [PMID: 5083097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT. Evolution of the neurohypophysial hormones, with reference to amphibians. Nature 1969; 221:759-60. [PMID: 5766645 DOI: 10.1038/221759a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT, Rouille Y. Unique evolution of neurohypophysial hormones in cartilaginous fishes: possible implications for urea-based osmoregulation. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1999; 284:475-84. [PMID: 10469984 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(19991001)284:5<475::aid-jez2>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Most bony vertebrate species display a great evolutionary stability of their two neurohypophysial hormones, so that two molecular lineages, isotocin-mesotocin-oxytocin and vasotocin-vasopressin, have been traced from bony fishes to mammals. Chondrichthyes, in contrast, show a striking diversity of their oxytocin-like hormones, yet show a substantial decrease in vasotocin stored in neurohypophysis when compared to nonmammalian bony vertebrates. In the rays, glumitocin ([Ser(4),Gln(8)]-oxytocin) has been identified. In the spiny dogfish, aspargtocin ([Asn4]-oxytocin) and valitocin ([Val(8)]-oxytocin) have been characterized whereas in the spotted dogfish, asvatocin ([Asn(4),Val(8)]-oxytocin) and phasvatocin ([Phe(3),Asn(4),Val(8)]-oxytocin) have been found. Finally, in the holocephalian Pacific ratfish, oxytocin, the typical peptide of placental mammals, has been discovered. The duplication of the oxytocin-like hormone gene found in dogfishes has been observed only in some Australian and American marsupials. Cartilaginous fishes have developed an original urea-based osmoregulation involving a glutamine-dependent urea synthesis and blood urea retention through renal urea transporters. Furthermore, marine species use a rectal salt gland for sodium chloride excretion. Although vasopressin, in mammals, and vasotocin, in nonmammalian tetrapods, are clearly implied in water and salt homeostasis, the hormones involved in the blood osmotic pressure regulation of elasmobranchs are still largely unknown. It is suggested that the great diversity of oxytocin-like hormones in elasmobranchs expresses a release from an evolutionary receptor-binding constraint, so that amino-acid substitutions reflect neutral evolution. In contrast, the preservation of vasotocin suggests a selective pressure, which may be related to the regulation of renal urea transporter-recruitment mechanisms, as it has been shown for vasopressin in mammals. J. Exp. Zool. 284:475-484, 1999.
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Review |
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT. The neurohypophyseal hormones of reptiles: comparison of the viper, cobra, and elaphe active principles. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1969; 13:357-60. [PMID: 5408582 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(69)90257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Chauvet J, Hurpet D, Colne T, Michel G, Chauvet MT, Acher R. Neurohypophyseal hormones as evolutionary tracers: identification of oxytocin, lysine vasopressin, and arginine vasopressin in two South American opossums (Didelphis marsupialis and Philander opossum). Gen Comp Endocrinol 1985; 57:320-8. [PMID: 3979811 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(85)90277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The neurohypophyseal hormones of two South American opossums (Didelphis marsupialis and Philander opossum) were isolated by molecular sieving and preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). One oxytocin-like and two vasopressin-like peptides were found in each species. These peptides have been identified by their amino acid composition and by their retention time in HPLC. Oxytocin, lysine vasopressin, and arginine vasopressin have been characterized in both species. Lysine vasopressin is roughly as abundant as arginine vasopressin. Comparison is made with Australian marsupials Macropodidae and Phalangeridae, and possible evolutionary mechanisms are discussed.
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Chauvet MT, Chauvet J, Acher R, Sunde D, Thorn AN. Structure of a guinea pig common precursor to a MSEL-type neurophysin and copeptin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1986; 44:243-9. [PMID: 3956854 DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(86)90130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
From guinea pig posterior pituitaries, a MSEL-type neurophysin (neurophysin containing methionine-2, serine-3, glutamic acid-6 and leucine-7), a glycopeptide referred to as copeptin and their common precursor have been purified to homogeneity and sequenced. The performed acid-oxidized precursor, subjected to trypsin hydrolysis, has given 9 peptides, 6 of which (T1-T6) identical to those given by oxidized MSEL-neurophysin except that T6 has an additional C-terminal arginine residue when compared to its homologue. The other 3 tryptic peptides (T7-T9) are identical to those given by copeptin. The 132-residue precursor therefore comprises a MSEL-type neurophysin (93 residues) and copeptin (38 residues) linked by an arginine residue. The molar proportion of this bound form compared with the free polypeptides is approximately 20%. It is believed that this precursor is a part of the vasopressin-MSEL-neurophysin-copeptin precursor incompletely processed during the transport from hypothalamus to neurohypophysis.
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Acher R, Chauvet J, Chauvet MT. A tetrapod neurohypophysial hormone in African lungfishes. Nature 1970; 227:186-7. [PMID: 5428412 DOI: 10.1038/227186a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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