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Pun R, Cavanaugh AM, Aldrich E, Tran O, Rudd JC, Hansen LA, North BJ. PKCμ promotes keratinocyte cell migration through Cx43 phosphorylation-mediated suppression of intercellular communication. iScience 2024; 27:109033. [PMID: 38375220 PMCID: PMC10875573 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of intercellular communication through suppression of gap junctional conductance is necessary during wound healing. Connexin 43 (Cx43), a prominent gap junction protein in skin, is downregulated following wounding to restrict communication between keratinocytes. Previous studies found that PKCμ, a novel PKC isozyme, regulates efficient cutaneous wound healing. However, the molecular mechanism by which PKCμ regulates wound healing remains unknown. We have identified that PKCμ suppresses intercellular communication and enhances cell migration in an in vitro wound healing model by regulating Cx43 containing gap junctions. PKCμ can directly interact with and phosphorylate Cx43 at S368, which leads to Cx43 internalization and downregulation. Finally, utilizing phosphomimetic and non-phosphorylatable S368 substitutions and gap junction inhibitors, we confirmed that PKCμ regulates intercellular communication and in vitro wound healing by controlling Cx43-S368 phosphorylation. These results define PKCμ as a critical regulator of Cx43 phosphorylation to control cell migration and wound healing in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renju Pun
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Ann M. Cavanaugh
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Emily Aldrich
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Olivia Tran
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Justin C. Rudd
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Laura A. Hansen
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Brian J. North
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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Rudd JC, Maity S, Grunkemeyer JA, Snyder JC, Lovas S, Hansen LA. Membrane structure and internalization dynamics of human Flower isoforms hFWE3 and hFWE4 indicate a conserved endocytic role for hFWE4. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104945. [PMID: 37348560 PMCID: PMC10366549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Flower (hFWE) isoforms hFWE1-4 are putative transmembrane (TM) proteins that reportedly mediate fitness comparisons during cell competition through extracellular display of their C-terminal tails. Isoform topology, subcellular localization, and duration of plasma membrane presentation are essential to this function. However, disagreement persists regarding the structure of orthologous fly and mouse FWEs, and experimental evidence for hFWE isoform subcellular localization or membrane structure is lacking. Here, we used AlphaFold2 and subsequent molecular dynamics-based structural predictions to construct epitope-tagged hFWE3 and hFWE4, the most abundant human isoforms, for experimental determination of their structure and internalization dynamics. We demonstrate that hFWE3 resides in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while hFWE4 partially colocalizes with Rab4-, Rab5-, and Rab11-positive vesicles as well as with the plasma membrane. An array of imaging techniques revealed that hFWE4 positions both N- and C-terminal tails and a loop between second and third TM segments within the cytosol, while small (4-12aa) loops between the first and second and the third and fourth TM segments are either exposed to the extracellular space or within the lumen of cytoplasmic vesicles. Similarly, we found hFWE3 positions both N- and C-terminal tails in the cytosol, while a short loop between TM domains extends into the ER lumen. Finally, we demonstrate that hFWE4 exists only transiently at the cell surface and is rapidly internalized in an AP-2- and dynamin-1-dependent manner. Collectively, these data are consistent with a conserved role for hFWE4 in endocytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Rudd
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sibaprasad Maity
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - James A Grunkemeyer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Joshua C Snyder
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sándor Lovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Laura A Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
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Rudd JC, Li C, Hajiannasab R, Khandalavala J, Sharma P. Diagnosing Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2021; 13:e20791. [PMID: 35111472 PMCID: PMC8794399 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a highly prevalent epidermal neoplasm that most commonly occurs in regions of sun-exposed skin, though rare cases arise in sun-protected areas. BCCs of the vulva account for a small fraction of cases and can be mistaken for other cutaneous genital pathologies on clinical examination. Here we report a case of vulvar BCC that presented as a firm, tender bilateral lesion of the mons pubis and was diagnosed by histopathology and immunostaining for classical BCC markers.
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Holmes TR, Al Matouq J, Holmes M, Sioda N, Rudd JC, Bloom C, Nicola L, Palermo NY, Madson JG, Lovas S, Hansen LA. Targeting 14-3-3ε activates apoptotic signaling to prevent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:232-242. [PMID: 32816038 PMCID: PMC7905839 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
More than a million cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are diagnosed in the USA each year, and its incidence is increasing. Most of these malignancies arise from premalignant lesions, providing an opportunity for intervention before malignant progression. We previously documented how cytoplasmic mislocalization of CDC25A in premalignant and malignant skin cancers confers resistance to apoptotic cell death via a mechanism that depends on its interaction with 14-3-3ε. From these data, we hypothesized that 14-3-3ε overexpression drives skin tumor development and progression, such that targeting 14-3-3ε may be a useful strategy for skin cancer treatment. Like CDC25A, 14-3-3ε was overexpressed and mislocalized to the cytoplasm of both benign and malignant human skin cancer. Skin-targeted deletion of the 14-3-3ε gene reduced skin tumor development by 75% and blocked malignant progression. 14-3-3ε suppressed apoptosis through activation of Akt, leading to inhibition of BCL2 associated agonist of cell death and upregulation of Survivin. Using virtual tetrapeptide libraries, we developed a novel peptide that specifically blocked 14-3-3ε heterodimerization and thereby prevented its interaction with CDC25A. The peptide reduced prosurvival signaling, killed skin cancer cells and reduced skin tumor growth in xenograft. Normal skin keratinocytes were unaffected by inhibition or deletion of 14-3-3ε. Thus, targeting of 14-3-3ε dimerization is a promising strategy for the treatment of premalignant skin lesions.
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MESH Headings
- 14-3-3 Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- 14-3-3 Proteins/genetics
- 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/administration & dosage
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinogens/administration & dosage
- Carcinogens/toxicity
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytoplasm/drug effects
- Cytoplasm/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Keratinocytes
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Protein Multimerization/drug effects
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/administration & dosage
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/analogs & derivatives
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/toxicity
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- cdc25 Phosphatases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jenan Al Matouq
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matti Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Natasha Sioda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Justin C Rudd
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Celia Bloom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lauren Nicola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Palermo
- Holland Computing Center, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Sándor Lovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Laura A Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
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5
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Barnes AD, Pfeifer HJ, Zbylicki BR, Roberts EK, Rudd JC, Manzo MA, Phillips EA, Berry MM, Kenton RJ. Two novel proteins, TtpB2 and TtpD2, are essential for iron transport in the TonB2 system of Vibrio vulnificus. Microbiologyopen 2019; 9:e00947. [PMID: 31595707 PMCID: PMC6957404 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In gram-negative bacteria, energy-dependent active transport of iron-bound substrates across the outer membrane is achieved through the TonB systems of proteins. Three TonB systems have been identified in the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus. The TonB1 system contains three proteins: TonB1, ExbB1, and ExbD1. Both the TonB2 and TonB3 systems have been shown to also contain a fourth protein, TtpC2 and TtpC3, respectively. Here, we report and begin to characterize two additional proteins in the TonB2 and TonB3 systems: TtpB and TtpD. Both TtpB2 and TtpD2 are absolutely required for the function of the TonB2 system in V. vulnificus. However, although both TtpB3 and TtpD3 in the TonB3 system are related to the proteins in the TonB2 system, neither are active in iron transport. All six protein components of the TonB2 system-TonB2, ExbB2, ExbD2, TtpB2, TtpC2, and TtpD2-are essential for the uptake of both endogenously produced iron-bound siderophores and exogenous siderophores produced from other organisms. Through complementation, we have shown that V. vulnificus is capable of using different TtpD2 proteins from other Vibrio species to bring in multiple siderophores. In contrast, we also demonstrate that TtpB2 must come from V. vulnificus, and not other species within the genus, to complement mutations in the TonB2 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel D Barnes
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hailey J Pfeifer
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Elena K Roberts
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Justin C Rudd
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mario A Manzo
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Michael M Berry
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ryan J Kenton
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
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Basnet BR, Singh RP, Herrera-Foessel SA, Ibrahim AMH, Huerta-Espino J, Calvo-Salazar V, Rudd JC. Genetic Analysis of Adult Plant Resistance to Yellow Rust and Leaf Rust in Common Spring Wheat Quaiu 3. Plant Dis 2013; 97:728-736. [PMID: 30722591 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-12-0141-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Identifying and utilizing rust resistance genes in wheat has been hampered by the continuous and rapid emergence of new pathogen races. A major focus of many wheat breeding programs is achieving durable adult plant resistance (APR) to yellow (stripe) rust (YR) and leaf (brown) rust (LR), caused by Puccinia striiformis and P. triticina, respectively. This study aimed to determine the genetic basis of resistance to YR and LR in the common spring wheat 'Quaiu 3'. To that end, we evaluated 198 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a cross of susceptible 'Avocet-YrA' with Quaiu 3, for APR to LR and YR in artificially inoculated field trials conducted in Mexico during the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. High narrow-sense heritability (h2) estimates, ranging between 0.91 and 0.95, were obtained for both LR and YR disease severities for both years. The quantitative and qualitative approaches used to estimate gene numbers showed that, in addition to known resistance genes, there are at least two to three APR genes associated with LR and YR resistance in the RIL population. The moderately effective race-specific resistance gene Lr42 and the pleiotropic slow-rusting APR gene Lr46/Yr29 were found to interact with additional unidentified APR genes. The unidentified APR genes should be of particular interest for further characterization through molecular mapping, and for utilization by wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Basnet
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Apdo. Postal 6-641, C.P. 06600, D.F., Mexico and Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843
| | | | | | - A M H Ibrahim
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University
| | - J Huerta-Espino
- Campo Experimental Valle de Mexico INIFAP, Apdo. Postal 10, 56230 Chapingo, Edo. de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - J C Rudd
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University
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7
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Weng Y, Azhaguvel P, Michels GJ, Rudd JC. Cross-species transferability of microsatellite markers from six aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species and their use for evaluating biotypic diversity in two cereal aphids. Insect Mol Biol 2007; 16:613-22. [PMID: 17714463 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2007.00757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The abundance and distribution of microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were explored in the expressed sequence tag (EST) and genomic sequences of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). A total of 108 newly developed, together with 40 published, SSR markers were investigated for their cross-species transferability among six aphid species. Genetic diversity among six greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) and two Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) biotypes was further examined with 67 transferable SSRs. It was found that the pea aphid genome is abundant in SSRs with a unique frequency and distribution of SSR motifs. Cross-species transferability of EST-derived SSRs is dependent on phylogenetic closeness between SSR donor and target species, but is higher than that of genomic SSRs. Neighbor-joining analysis of SSR data revealed host-adapted genetic divergence as well as regional differentiation of greenbug biotypes. The two Russian wheat aphid biotypes are genetically as diverse as the greenbug ones although it was introduced into the USA only 20 years ago. This is the first report of large-scale development of SSR markers in aphids, which are expected to have wide applications in aphid genetic, ecological and evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Weng
- Texas A&M University, Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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8
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Weng Y, Li W, Devkota RN, Rudd JC. Microsatellite markers associated with two Aegilops tauschii-derived greenbug resistance loci in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 2005; 110:462-9. [PMID: 15592809 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-004-1853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2004] [Accepted: 10/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A new source of greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) resistance derived from Aegilops tauschii (Coss.) Schmal was identified in W7984, a synthetic hexaploid wheat line and one parent of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) mapping population. Segregation analysis of responses to greenbug feeding in a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) identified a single, dominant gene governing the greenbug resistance in W7984, which was placed in chromosome arm 7DL by linkage analysis with molecular markers in the ITMI population. Allelism tests based on the segregation of responses to greenbug feeding in F2 and testcross plants revealed that the greenbug resistance in W7984 and Largo, another synthetic line carrying the greenbug resistance gene Gb3, was controlled by different but linked loci. Using the ITMI reference map and a target mapping strategy, we have constructed a microsatellite map of Gb3 in a mapping population of 130 F7 RILs from Largo x TAM 107 and identified one marker (Xwmc634) co-segregating with Gb3 and four markers (Xbarc76, Xgwm037, Xgwm428 and Xwmc824) closely linked with Gb3. Deletion mapping of selected microsatellite markers flanking the Gb3 locus placed this resistance gene into the distal 18% region of 7DL. Comparative mapping in the ITMI and Largo x TAM 107 populations using the same set of microsatellite markers provided further evidence that greenbug resistance in W7984 and Largo is conditioned by two different loci. We suggest that the greenbug resistance gene in W7984 be designated Gb7. The microsatellite map of Gb3 constructed from this study should be a valuable tool for marker-assisted selection of Gb3-conferred greenbug resistance in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Weng
- Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd. W., Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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9
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of scleral fixation ring placement in induction of astigmatism by topographic analysis. METHODS Baseline measurements were used in human eyes from the Utah Lions Eye Bank. In two control eyes, the effect of placing and replacing the eye in the holder was determined. In nine eyes, the effect of placing a 14-mm ring 2.0-mm from the limbus and an 18-mm ring 4.0-mm from the limbus, both in line with and between the rectus muscles, was determined. Induced astigmatism (IA) was determined by Alpins' vector analysis method. RESULTS Control eyes had a mean variation of 0.26 +/- 0.18 diopters (D) (range, 0.07-0.65). The study eyes had a mean IA of 1.55 D with statistically significant differences noted when comparing 14-mm rings (0.92 +/- 2.00 D) versus 18-mm rings in line with the rectus (3.02 +/- 1.49 D; p = 0.02), with 18-mm rings in line with the rectus muscles (3.02 +/- 1.46 D) versus between the muscles (1.37 +/- 1.14 D; p = 0.03), and all measurements with the 14-mm ring (1.0 +/- 1.49 D) versus the 18-mm ring (2.14 +/- 1.51 D; p = 0.04.). CONCLUSIONS Significant IA can occur with placement of fixation rings, especially when suture placement is near the insertions of the rectus muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Rudd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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10
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Abstract
A 50-year-old man had uneventful bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for moderate myopia (-4.50 diopters sphere, both eyes). Twelve days postoperatively, he developed unilateral bacterial keratitis. Cultures revealed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic regimen was adjusted, and he regained an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 and a best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of 20/15. Bacterial keratitis after LASIK is a rare occurrence. Aggressive use of cultures and fortified antibiotics can prevent significant loss of BSCVA, even when a resistant organism is the cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Rudd
- Eye Physicians of Olympia, Olympia, Washington, USA
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of medical and surgical therapy for glaucoma in patients requiring repeat penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for endothelial failure. METHODS Retrospective review of the charts of all patients undergoing repeat PK at the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Hospital between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1995. Study end-points were time to first rejection episode, number of rejection episodes, time to endothelial failure, and time to regraft. RESULTS During the study period, 156 patients underwent repeat PK for irreversible endothelial failure. Ninety-four (60.3%) patients had a concomitant diagnosis of glaucoma. Of these 94, 27 (28.7%) underwent glaucoma surgery. The surgically treated group had a significantly higher percentage of patients with at least one rejection episode (55.6%) than those without glaucoma (32.8%; p = 0.04). Similarly, a significant difference existed in the percentage of both medically and surgically treated glaucoma patients having at least one rejection episode (50%) when compared with patients without glaucoma (32.8%; p = 0.04). Rejection episodes occurred sooner in the glaucoma patients than in the nonglaucoma group (18 months vs. 32 months; p = 0.01), irrespective of glaucoma therapy. Grafts in glaucoma patients failed 12 months earlier than those in patients without glaucoma. CONCLUSION In a selected group of patients who required repeat PK for endothelial graft failure, a majority of patients were found to have a history of glaucoma. Among regraft patients, surgical therapy for glaucoma was found to increase the risk of rejection episodes when compared to patients without glaucoma. The patients with glaucoma were found to be at increased risk for early rejection and failure compared to patients without glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Aldave
- Wills Eye Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Rudd
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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13
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Abstract
This retrospective study was designed to document the etiology of traumatically ruptured globes in children and to determine the prognostic value of several clinical parameters with respect to visual outcome. Forty-six children 16 years of age and under seen in the emergency room over a 2-year period were found to have full thickness penetration of the globe. Fifty-nine percent of injuries occurred during recreational activities, and 59% occurred outside of the home. Boys outnumbered girls by a 6:1 ratio. For children, initial visual acuity proved to be less valuable as a prognostic indicator with regard to final vision than has been reported in adults. Smaller corneal wounds offered better visual outcomes. Four eyes were enucleated. Ten ruptures (22%) were related to activity involving guns. Four of six BB gun injuries were the result of a ricocheted BB. Visual outcomes in gun-related injuries were particularly poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Rudd
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa
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