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Shi HL, Huang KW. [Annual progress on bronchial asthma diagnosis and treatment in 2023]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2024; 47:157-162. [PMID: 38309967 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20231129-00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (referred to as asthma) is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease mediated by various immune cells, cytokines, and inflammatory mediators. This disease exhibits considerable heterogeneity in clinical symptoms, severity, and treatment outcomes, posing significant challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. This article reviews the literature on both basic and clinical research in asthma, published from October 1, 2022 to September 30, 2023. The review focuses on summarizing and elucidating four aspects of asthma: pathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment, and treatment. The aim is to provide more evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment and offer new perspectives for future research.
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Liu HM, Huang KW, Wang C. [Epidemiology of asthma based on the standard questionnaire]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2024; 47:81-86. [PMID: 38062701 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20231024-00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic airway disease in the world. Although the guidelines recommend the diagnostic criteria for asthma, which have been widely used in clinical practice, the standardized asthma questionnaire is often recommended for prevalence surveys in large-scale epidemiological surveys of the population, because the standardized asthma questionnaire has the characteristics of good cost-effectiveness and high response rate, and the results are also feasible for comparison between different populations or regions. There are currently four asthma epidemiological surveys in the world, including the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS), the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), the International Study of Wheezing in Infants (EISL) and World Health Survey (WHS). The above research results were also important data source for estimating the global prevalence of asthma in the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). In China, several national surveys were conducted on the prevalence of asthma in children and adults, but the reported prevalence of asthma was not comparable with other countries because clinical diagnostic criteria for asthma were frequently used to define asthma in these previous studies. The China Pulmonary Health (CPH) study was a national cross-sectional study that enrolled a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults aged 20 years or older, using the asthma questionnaire derived from ECRHS, we reported that the prevalence of asthma with wheezing in Chinese adults was 4.2%, representing 45.7 million adult asthmatics. However, it should be realized that these data did not include people under the age of 20 years or those with atypical asthmatic symptoms. In addition, the study shows that asthma is largely under-diagnosed and undertreated in China, and these findings call for national efforts to improve the prevention, detection and treatment of asthma in China.
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Hua W, Yin J, Zhang M, Huang HQ, Chen RC, Ying SM, Chen X, Liu HM, Shang YX, Nong GM, Zhang M, Huang KW, Lai KF, Liu HG, Shen KL, Shen HH. [Investigation on cognition, diagnosis and treatment status of chest tightness variant asthma among Chinese pediatricians]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:2727-2732. [PMID: 37475567 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230602-00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the awareness, diagnosis and treatment of chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA) among pediatricians in China. Methods: The survey was conducted by convenient sampling method. Pediatricians with professional title of attending physician and above from different grades hospitals in 30 provinces were invited to conduct online questionnaire surveys through WeChat, pediatricians scan QR codes to complete electronic questionnaires in the mini program from January 16th to February 4th, 2021. The contents of questionnaire included the awareness, diagnosis and treatment of CTVA, and comparing the differences between pediatricians in secondary hospitals and tertiary hospitals. Results: A total of 1 529 pediatricians participated in the survey, and 1 484 (97.06%) pediatricians completed the questionnaire and included in the analysis, including 420 males (28.30%). The awareness rate of CTVA among pediatricians was 77.83 % (1 155/1 484). Pediatricians in tertiary hospitals had higher rates of awareness of CTVA than pediatricians in secondary hospitals [81.86% (898/1 097) vs 66.41% (257/387), P<0.001] and had better execution of the guidelines [89.15% (978/1 097) vs 79.59% (308/387), P<0.001]. A total of 93.06 % (1 381/1 484) of pediatricians' first-line treatment included inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for CTVA. Among them, a higher proportion of pediatricians in tertiary hospitals used ICS included regimens for first-line treatment of CTVA compared with pediatricians in secondary hospitals [94.90% (1 041/1 097) vs 87.86% (340/387), P<0.001]. The reported well control rate of CTVA was 32.08% (476/1 484), which was significantly lower in secondary hospitals than that in tertiary hospitals [17.31% (67/387) vs 37.28% (409/1 097), P<0.001]. Conclusion: Most pediatricians are well aware of CTVA, among which there is a certain gap in clinical practice between pediatricians in secondary hospitals and tertiary hospitals in terms of understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of CTVA.
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Liu R, Yin HQ, Li L, Huang KW, Li HX, Zhao ZL, Mao ZC. First Report of Meloidogyne incognita on Cardamine violifolia in China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:PDIS07211560PDN. [PMID: 34844446 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-21-1560-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Chang YH, Wang SR, Huang KW. [Complications of chronic cough]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2022; 45:10-12. [PMID: 35000303 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211105-00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cough is a common complaint, which may cause various complications involving many organ systems, including respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, urinary system, reproductive system, skeletal movement system, nervous system, etc. Cough and its complications are associated with an adverse impact on the work and quality of life in the huge population with chronic cough, and lead to an increased healthcare resource utilization. In this paper, we review the common complications of chronic cough by organ system classification.
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Cao Y, Liu H, Zhang J, Huang KW, Zhao HY, Yang Y, Zhan SY. [Effect of particulate air pollution on hospital admissions for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Beijing]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2017. [PMID: 28628139 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-167x.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between particulate air pollution and hospital admissions for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Beijing, and to evaluate the differences of association among different subgroups. METHODS Hospital admissions to intertiary hospitals for AECOPD from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2015 were obtained from the electronic hospitalization summary reports (HSRs).We obtained the data on air pollution during the study period from the national air pollution monitoring system. The data on meteorological variables were obtained from the Chinese meteorological bureau. A poison generalized additive model was used to assess the effects of particulate pollution on AECOPD with adjustment for the long term trend, day of week, holiday effect and meteorological variables. Subgroup analyses were also conducted by age and gender, which would help identify higher-risk groups. RESULTS A total of 7 884 hospitalizations from 15 tertiary hospitals were recorded during the study period, and 69.3% were male patients, 37.1% were ≥80 years of age, 45.5% were 65-79 years of age, and 17.4% were younger than 65. The mean (SD) daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 were 77.1 (66.6) μg/m3, 111.9 (75.8) μg/m3. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in particulate pollution concentration for a lag of 4 d was associated with an increase in hospital admissions for AECOPD as follows: 0.53% (95% CI: 0.01%-1.06%, P=0.0478) of PM2.5, 0.53% (95% CI: 0.07%-1.00%, P=0.0250) of PM10, respectively. We found differences in risk for AECOPD admissions among the different subgroups. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10 exposure in the female group there was a 1.13% (95% CI: 0.19%-2.07%, P=0.018 3) increase, 1.06% (95% CI: 0.22%-1.91%, P=0.013 6) increase in admissions, respectively, while in the male group, the association was non-significant. The patients of 80 years of age and older demonstrated a higher risk of AECOPD, 1.25% (95% CI: 0.40%-2.11%, P=0.004 0) increase of PM2.5, 1.18% (95% CI: 0.42%-1.95%, P=0.002 4) increase of PM10, respectively, while other subgroups didn't find significant association. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that particulate air pollution was significantly associated with hospital admissions for AECOPD in Beijing. The susceptibility to particulate pollution varied by gender and age.
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Chieh JJ, Huang KW, Chuang CP, Wei WC, Dong JJ, Lee YY. Immunomagnetic Reduction Assay on Des-Gamma-Carboxy Prothrombin for Screening of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2015; 63:1681-6. [PMID: 26415145 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2015.2478845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The accredited biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) offers limited sensitivity and specificity in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To improve the screening performance, des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) has been identified as another promising biomarker of HCC, combined with AFP biomarkers. The results of the commercial optical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit easily have the interference problem due to the optical methodology. The immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assay based on the magnetic measurement was utilized to assay DCP biomarkers without the excellent antiinterference performances. A DCP magnetic reagent, composed of iron-oxide (Fe3O4 ) magnetic nanoparticles coated with anti-DCP antibodies solved in phosphoryl-buffer solution, was synthesized and characterized. In the test of standard DCP antigens, superior antiinterference and sensitivity than optical ELISA were proved. In the animal test, the results indicate good agreement between the IMR assay findings and the tumor sizes of HCC rats at all time points after the HCC implantation. The feasibility of the developed DCP magnetic reagent with the IMR for the detection of DCP is verified, and demonstrates the high potential for future clinical applications.
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Chieh JJ, Lee YY, Wei WC, Hsiao PY, Huang KW. Novel Integration of an Ultrasound Probe and a Rotational-Scanning SQUID Biosusceptometer for Diagnosing Liver Tumors. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 2015; 25:1-4. [DOI: 10.1109/tasc.2014.2366736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
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Yao XJ, Huang KW, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang JJ, Wang W, Liu J, Lv Z, An YQ, Ding YZ, Corrigan CJ, Wang W, Sun YC, Ying S. Direct comparison of the dynamics of IL-25- and 'allergen'-induced airways inflammation, remodelling and hypersensitivity in a murine asthma model. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 44:765-77. [PMID: 24575868 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-25 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma from studies on human asthmatics and in murine asthma models. OBJECTIVES In this study, we hypothesized that chronic exposure of the airways to IL-25 alone is able to induce pathogenic changes observed in animal models of asthma. METHODS We performed a detailed comparison of the dynamics of development of cellular infiltration, cytokine expression and airways remodelling and hyperresponsiveness in mice sensitized and challenged with OVA, a classical model of allergic asthma and those exposed to IL-25 alone. RESULTS Intranasal challenge of BALB/c mice with IL-25 alone induced a delayed (compared with OVA-challenge), predominantly eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration into the airways lumen, along with increased production of Th2-type cytokines, chemokines and collagen, secretion of epithelial mucus, goblet cell hyperplasia, deposition of subepithelial collagen, airways smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and angiogenesis. Correspondingly, IL-25 as well as OVA challenge both induced airways hyperresponsiveness and increased lung tissue damping. In contrast, IL-25 exposure did not increase IgE or IgG1 production. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The data suggest that chronic airways exposure to IL-25 alone is sufficient to induce allergen- and IgE-independent, asthma-like airways inflammation, remodelling and hyperresponsiveness in mice. Thus, IL-25 is a key molecular target in asthma, irrespective of the coexistence of IgE-dependent mechanisms.
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Huang KW, Yang SY, Horng HE, Chieh JJ, Chen HH, Wu CC, Chen JH, Lin I, Yang CC, Yang HC. Time‐Evolution Contrast of Target MRI Using High‐Stability Antibody Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles: An Animal Model. JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS 2014; 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/351848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
In this work, high‐quality antibody functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles are synthesized. Such physical characterizations as particle morphology, particle size, stability, and relaxivity of magnetic particles are investigated. The immunoreactivity of biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles is examined by utilizing immunomagnetic reduction. The results show that the mean diameter of antibody functionalized magnetic nanoparticles is around 50 nm, and the relaxivity of the magnetic particles is 145 (mM·s)−1. In addition to characterizing the magnetic nanoparticles, the feasibility of using the antibody functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the contrast medium of target magnetic resonance imaging is investigated. These antibody functionalized magnetic nanoparticles are injected into mice bearing with tumor. The tumor magnetic‐resonance image becomes darker after the injection and then recovers 50 hours after the injection. The tumor magnetic‐resonance image becomes the darkest at around 20 hours after the injection. Thus, the observing time window for the specific labeling of tumors with antibody functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was found to be 20 hours after injecting biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles into mice. The biopsy of tumor is stained after the injection to prove that the long‐term darkness of tumor magnetic‐resonance image is due to the specific anchoring of antibody functionalized magnetic nanoparticles at tumor.
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Yang SY, Chieh JJ, Huang KW, Yang CC, Chen TC, Ho CS, Chang SF, Chen HH, Horng HE, Hong CY, Yang HC. Molecule-assisted nanoparticle clustering effect in immunomagnetic reduction assay. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2013; 113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4800536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Immunomagnetic reduction assay is used to quantitatively detect bio-molecules. Many reports show that the to-be-detected bio-molecular concentration dependent reduction in the alternative-current (ac) magnetic susceptibility of a reagent is governed by the logistic function, which is a four-parameter function. One of the parameters relates to the increase in the rate of the magnetic reduction signal when the concentration of to-be-detected bio-molecules is increased. Theoretically, this parameter is attributed to the clustering associations between to-be-detected bio-molecules and labeling particles in the reagent. In an immunomagnetic reduction assay, the bioactive labeling particles are anti-body-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. However, there is no detailed information about the effect of the clustering associations on this parameter. In this work, the clustering association is manipulated by controlling the concentrations of anti-body-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in the reagent. The experimental results show that higher values for this parameter are obtained with concentrated anti-body-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in the reagent. This implies that particle clustering is enhanced by an increase in the concentration of the bio-functionalized magnetic particles. It is also demonstrated that the particle clustering effect dominates the increased rate of the magnetic reduction signal.
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Yang HC, Huang KW, Liao SH, Horng HE, Chieh JJ, Chen HH, Chen MJ, Chen KL, Wang LM. Enhancing the tumor discrimination using antibody-activated magnetic nanoparticles in ultra-low magnetic fields. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2013; 102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4774291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report an enhanced liver tumor discrimination for rats using antibody-activated magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) and ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging ex vivo. It was found that the intensity ratio between the magnetic resonance image of tumor and normal liver tissues is 2–3 absence of antibody-activated MNs in rats. The intensity ratio rises to ∼100 when antibody-activated MNs are expressed in liver tumors through vein injection. Enhancing tumor discrimination using antibody-activated MNs is demonstrated using T1-weighted contrast imaging in ultra-low magnetic fields.
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Yang CC, Huang KW, Yang SY, Chen HH, Chen TC, Ho CS, Chang SF, Chieh JJ, Horng HE, Hong CY, Yang HC. Development for High‐Accuracy In Vitro Assay of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Using Nanomagnetically Labeled Immunoassay. JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS 2013; 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/695276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Nanomagnetically labeled immunoassays have been demonstrated to be promisingly applied in clinical diagnosis. In this work, by using antibody‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and a high‐temperature superconducting quantum interference device ac magnetosusceptometer, the assay properties for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum are investigated. By utilizing the assay method so‐called immunomagnetic reduction, the properties of assaying VEGF are explored. In addition, the VEGF concentrations in serum samples of normal people and patients with either colorectal or hepatocellular cancer are detected. The experimental results show that the low‐detection limit for assaying VEGF is 10 pg/mL, which is much lower than the clinical cut‐off VEGF concentration of 50 pg/mL for diagnosing malignancy. Besides, there are no significant interference effects on assaying VEGF from hemoglobin, conjugated bilirubin, and triglyceride. The VEGF concentrations in serum samples donated by normal people and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or colorectal cancer are detected. A clear difference in VEGF concentrations between these two groups is found. These results reveal the feasibility of applying nanomagnetically labeled immunoassay to clinics.
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Fan YJ, Wu YC, Chen Y, Kung YC, Wu TH, Huang KW, Sheen HJ, Chiou PY. Three dimensional microfluidics with embedded microball lenses for parallel and high throughput multicolor fluorescence detection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:44121. [PMID: 24404054 PMCID: PMC3765297 DOI: 10.1063/1.4818944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a 3D microfluidic device with 32 detection channels and 64 sheath flow channels and embedded microball lens array for high throughput multicolor fluorescence detection. A throughput of 358 400 cells/s has been accomplished. This device is realized by utilizing solid immersion micro ball lens arrays for high sensitivity and parallel fluorescence detection. High refractive index micro ball lenses (n = 2.1) are embedded underneath PDMS channels close to cell detection zones in channels. This design permits patterning high N.A. micro ball lenses in a compact fashion for parallel fluorescence detection on a small footprint device. This device also utilizes 3D microfluidic fabrication to address fluid routing issues in two-dimensional parallel sheath focusing and allows simultaneous pumping of 32 sample channels and 64 sheath flow channels with only two inlets.
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Wang W, Fan YQ, Lv Z, Yao XJ, Wang W, Huang KW, Meng Q, Fang CL, Lee TH, Corrigan CJ, An YQ, Ying S. Interleukin-25 promotes basic fibroblast growth factor expression by human endothelial cells through interaction with IL-17RB, but not IL-17RA. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1604-14. [PMID: 23106660 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike other IL-17 family members, the Th2-derived cytokine IL-25 (IL-17E) induces (promotes) Th2 responses. One or both of the two receptors for IL-25 (IL-17RA, IL-17RB) is expressed on inflammatory cells and tissue structural cells, suggesting that in addition to promoting Th2-type inflammation IL-25 may also act on structural cells at sites of Th2-type inflammation such as in the asthmatic bronchial mucosa to promote remodelling changes. OBJECTIVE Our previous studies showed elevated expression of IL-25 and IL-17RB immunoreactivity in asthmatic airways with co-localization of the latter to endothelial cells. We therefore hypothesized that IL-25 acts on endothelial cells through this receptor to induce production of the key angiogenic and remodelling cytokine basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) immunocytochemistry/immunohistochemistry and ELISA were employed to detect expression of IL-17RB, IL-17RA and bFGF by human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) and immunoreactivity for IL-25 and bFGF in asthmatic bronchial biopsies. Receptor-blocking antibodies, PCR and an in vitro angiogenesis assay were used to investigate whether IL-25 acts on IL-17RB or IL-17RA to induce bFGF expression and angiogenesis. PCR was also employed to investigate the signalling pathways involved in IL-25-mediated bFGF expression. RESULTS HUVEC constitutively expressed IL-17RB, IL-17RA and bFGF. Production of the latter was further increased by IL-25, but attenuated after blockade of the IL-17RB, but not the IL-17RA receptor. Neutralization of endogenous VEGF and bFGF completely abrogated IL-25-induced angiogenesis which was also inhibited by blocking IL-17RB, but not IL-17RA. The PI3K-specific inhibitor LY294002 also completely attenuated IL-25-induced bFGF expression. Immunoreactivity for IL-25 and bFGF was elevated in the asthmatic bronchial mucosa and the expression of each correlated with the other. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data support the hypothesis that IL-25 contributes to elevated bFGF in asthmatic airways by acting on the endothelial cell IL-17RB receptor through PI3K-signalling pathways. Targeting the pathways might benefit therapy of airways remodelling.
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Huang KW, Yang SY, Yu CY, Chieh JJ, Yang CC, Horng HE, Hong CY, Yang HC, Wu CC. Exploration of the relationship between the tumor burden and the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor in liver-cancer-bearing animals using immunomagnetic reduction assay. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2011; 7:535-541. [PMID: 21870457 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2011.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
To achieve early-stage diagnosis, a high-sensitivity assay method is needed. As a biomarker, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has played a growing role in diagnosing and treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this work, an immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) through bio-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and a high-temperature superconducting-quantum-interference-device magnetometer were utilized for quantitative detection of low-concentration VEGF in serum from rats with HCC. The precision and accuracy of IMR on VEGF were characterized. Further, the results of assaying VEGF in the serum of rats were compared with those of using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). It was found the correlations between the detected VEGF concentration in the rat serum and tumor burdens were 0.99 and 0.90 for IMR and ELISA, respectively, within the range from 2 pg/ml to 8000 pg/ml of VEGF concentration.
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Huang KW, Chao A, Chou NK, Ko WJ. Hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral blood flow improved by liver dialysis treatment. Int J Artif Organs 2003; 26:149-51. [PMID: 12653349 DOI: 10.1177/039139880302600209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eight acute liver failure patients, all in grade IV hepatic encephalopathy, were administered liver dialysis treatment with the Hemo Therapies Unit (Hemo Therapies Inc, San Diego, CA, USA). The patients were evaluated to determine whether the Glasgow Coma Scale score and cerebral blood flow improved with treatment. After the initial treatment, consciousness levels as measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale improved from a pre-treatment median of 5 (range 3 to 6) to a post-treatment median of 7 (range 5 to 9) (p=0.0005 by paired Wilcoxon test); mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries as shown by transcranial Doppler sonography increased from a median of 37.85 cm/sec (range 20.3 to 114.0) to 57.90 (32.5 to 135.0) post-treatment (p=0.022); however, there was no significant change in the pulsatility index from a median of 1.18 (range 0.61 to 1.71) to 0.85 (range 0.70 to approximately 1.79) post-treatment (p=0.13). The 8 patients received 2 to 7 (median 5.5) times of daily 6-h liver dialysis treatments. Following the completion of all liver dialysis treatments, hepatic coma was fully resolved in 4 of 8 patients (50%) Three of 8 patients (37.5%) survived to hospital discharge, whereas 5 patients did not survive due to irreversible liver function and associated complications. In conclusion, liver dialysis treatment could improve hepatic encephalopathy, but the prognosis still depended on the underlying diseases.
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Huang KW, Huang SJ, Lin TH, Yen ZS, Chen SC. Anterior dislocation of the humeral head from bungee jumping. Am J Emerg Med 2001; 19:322-4. [PMID: 11447527 DOI: 10.1053/ajem.2001.24454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Zhao Y, Huang KW. Experimental study of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in nucleus accumbens of rats. Neurol Sci 1995; 22:294-6. [PMID: 8599773 DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100039500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to explain the mechanism for the sparing of the nucleus accumbens in several pathologic conditions, the accumbens, caudate and putamen were examined in an experimental model. METHODS The neurons in these regions from twenty adult rats were stained for the enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH-diaphorase) and quantified. RESULTS Positive neurons in the nucleus accumbens were more abundant than in the caudate and putamen. CONCLUSIONS Since these neurons have been shown to be resistant to ischemia and degeneration, it is suggested that the mechanism for the sparing of the nucleus accumbens is related to the presence of a large number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of aging and anoxia on the nucleus accumbens. METHODS The number of neurons in nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus in 35 patients over 65 and 35 under 65 years, all without neurological or psychiatric disease were counted. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the number of neurons in the accumbens in the two groups, but there was a decrease in the number of neurons in the elderly group. There was no reduction in volume of the neuronal nucleoli of the accumbens measured in 12 elderly patients compared to controls. These data suggest a sparing of the accumbens from changes associated with aging. There was relative preservation of the nucleus accumbens in 3 patients with anoxic encephalopathy. CONCLUSIONS These results show that accumbens was resistant to both aging and anoxia, the mechanism of which is discussed.
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Wang LN, Huang KW. Hypothalamic encephalitis with oligodendrocytic glial nodules. Case report of a Chinese boy. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991; 104:428-31. [PMID: 1879213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of hypothalamic encephalitis proved by postmortem examination is reported. The patient was a three-year-old Chinese boy who had complained of obesity for one year and fever for half a year. Three days after admission to a hospital, the patient suddenly died of allergic reaction to intramuscular penicillin, without additional complaints. Autopsy revealed severe bilateral outfall of neurons in the ventromedian hypothalamic nuclei with diffuse hyperplasia of astrocytes and some glial nodules consisting chiefly of oligodendroglias and perivascular cuffing. Similar changes were noticed in hypothalamus at the level of optic chiasm, but the posterior hypothalamic nuclei and lateral hypothalamic nuclei were intact. This article provides significant data for the study of hypothalamic function.
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Huang KW. Neuropathology in the People's Republic of China--a personal perspective. Brain Pathol 1991; 1:217-8. [PMID: 1669711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Huang KW. Laceration over the right upper eyelid. AVIATION, SPACE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 1991; 62:277-8. [PMID: 2012583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Wang LN, Huang KW, Wang DG, Liu ZY. Adult metachromatic leukodystrophy without deficiency of arylsulphatase. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990; 103:846-50. [PMID: 1980099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An adult case of metachromatic leukodystrophy, proved by characteristic findings of the brain and superficial sural nerve biopsies, but with absence of deficiency of arylsulphatase A activity in the leucocytes, was reported. The long course of thirty years, the absence of deficiency of arylsulphatase A activity, the discrepancy between the normal conduction velocity of the peripheral nerves and the typical pathological findings of the superficial sural nerve under the light and electron microscopes and the significance of the diffuse hypodense areas and high intensity signals of the cerebral white matter on CT and MRI respectively, were discussed.
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Wang LN, Huang KW, Liu ZY. Sporadic late-onset Hallervorden-Spatz disease presenting as parkinsonism in a Chinese patient. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990; 103:686-8. [PMID: 2122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 68-year-old male patient with Hallervorden-Spatz disease with autopsy findings is presented. He died 5 years after the occurrence of progressive rigidity, mask face, shuffling gait and tremor. Family history was negative. At autopsy, loss of neurons with gliosis in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra, large deposits of iron pigments and axonal spheroids in the same areas were found. So far as we know, this is the first case of Hallervorden-Spatz disease with autopsy findings reported in China.
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