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Zhao L, Ma H, Jiang Y, Li Y, Guo N, Chen Y, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Wen K, Wang L, Jian L, Fan X. Reserpine, a novel N6-methyladenosine regulator, reverses Lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156002. [PMID: 39326134 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and a growing global health problem. Reserpine (Res), a plant-derived hypertension drug, has been reported to possess anti-tumor efficacy. However, the role and function of Res in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulation and Lenvatinib (Len) resistance in HCC have not been clarified. PURPOSE To verify whether Res can be used as a natural small-molecule regulator of m6A to reverse Len resistance in HCC. METHODS Dot blotting, Western blotting and m6A quantification were used to compare and analyze the differential expression of m6A and its methyltransferase METTL3. Western blotting, Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and molecular docking were used to explore the mechanism of interaction between Res and m6A. The effects of Res on the biological characteristics of Lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells were investigated through CCK-8, clone formation, and Transwell assays. Cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models were used to assess the ability of Res to reverse Len resistance in vivo. MeRIP m6A sequencing, PATHWAY analysis and Western blotting were used to analyze the downstream signaling pathways and genes involved in Res-mediated reversal of Len resistance. RESULTS Len resistance in HCC is related to the increased m6A level and the high expression of METTL3. Res affects the activity of METTL3 protein by binding to it, thereby downregulating the level of m6A. In vitro study showed that Res can sensitize HCC cells to the anti-tumor effects of Len treatment, including blocking proliferation, inhibiting migration, and inducing apoptosis. Len-resistant CDX and PDX models revealed that Res can reverse the resistant phenotype, with the tumor inhibition rates of 77.46 % and 62.1 %, respectively, when combined with Len treatment. Analysis of xenograft tissues showed that the combination of Res and Len down-regulates the m6A level, reduces proliferation biomarkers, and induces apoptosis, which is consistent with the in vitro data. Mechanistically, our preliminary results indicate that Res can up-regulate the SMAD3 level by down-regulating m6A in Len-resistant cells. CONCLUSIONS Reserpine, a small-molecule regulator of m6A, reverses Lenvatinib-resistant phenotypes, including proliferation, migration and anti-apoptosis, in vitro and in vivo by targeting SMAD3 and down-regulating the m6A level in HCC.
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Tang X, Wen K, Yang Y. Impact of long-term vs. short-term and single day vs. single dose of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing infection rates after orthognathic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2024; 29:e380-e389. [PMID: 38150603 PMCID: PMC11175564 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review was designed to examine the effect of long-term (≥2 days) vs. short-term (1 day) and single-day vs. single preoperative doses of antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infection (SSI) rates after orthognathic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) without any date or language restriction till 1st September 2023. SSI rates were pooled to generate risk ratio (RR). RESULTS Eight RCTs comparing long-term vs. short-term and three RCTs comparing single day vs. single preoperative dose of antibiotic prophylaxis were included. Meta-analysis showed that the use of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduced the risk of SSI after orthognathic surgery as compared to short-term antibiotics [RR:0.42 (95% CI: 0.23, 0.76) I2=0%]. Meta-analysis also noted that patients receiving a single day of antibiotic prophylaxis had significantly reduced risk of SSI as compared to those receiving only a preoperative single dose of antibiotics [RR:0.28 (95%: 0.09, 0.82) I2=0%]. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from a limited number of RCTs with moderate to high risk of bias shows that two to seven days of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the risk of SSI as compared to single-day antibiotic therapy. Also, a single day of antibiotics may be more beneficial than a single pre-operative dose of antibiotic.
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Wu WB, Zhang XB, Liu YP, Zou X, You R, Xie YL, Duan XT, Li HF, Wen K, Peng L, Hua YJ, Huang PY, Sun R, Chen JH, Chen MY. Stent pretreatment for internal carotid artery exposed to necrotic lesions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Rhinology 2023; 0:3056. [PMID: 36715464 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post radiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN) invading the internal carotid artery (ICA) contributes to the death of 69.2-72.7% of PRNN patients. ICA occlusion is an effective treatment to avoid fatal bleeding, while some patients are intolerant. We present a novel method that allows for these patients without interrupting blood flow through the ICA. METHODOLOGY This study enrolled patients with PRNN-invaded ICA who were not suitable for ICA occlusion from April 2020 to November 2022. ICA stent pretreatment was performed in the 36 patients and followed the endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG) or conservative treatment for PRNN. We report the survival outcome and incidence of complications after stent implantation and compare the survival outcomes of ENPG and conservative treatment for PRNN followed by stent implantation. RESULTS ICA stent pretreatment was performed in the 36 enrolled patients, among which 14 underwent ENPG, and 22 received conservative treatment. 27.8% patients died after a median follow-up of 15 months. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival were higher in the ENPG group than in the conservative treatment group. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was significantly higher in the ENPG group than in the non-ENPG group. CONCLUSIONS The innovative application of ICA stents is a promising treatment to improve outcomes in patients with PRNN invading the ICA who are unsuitable for ICA embolization, especially when followed by endoscopic surgery. However, methods to avoid postoperative cerebral ischemia and nasopharyngeal hemorrhage still require further study.
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Gong Z, Da W, Tian Y, Zhao R, Qiu S, Wu Q, Wen K, Shen L, Zhou R, Tao L, Zhu Y. Exogenous melatonin prevents type 1 diabetes mellitus-induced bone loss, probably by inhibiting senescence. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:453-466. [PMID: 34519833 PMCID: PMC8813725 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exogenous melatonin inhibited the senescence of preosteoblast cells in type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice and those cultured in high glucose (HG) by multiple regulations. Exogenous melatonin had a protective effect on diabetic osteoporosis, which may depend on the inhibition of senescence. INTRODUCTION Senescence is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic bone loss. Increasing evidence has shown that melatonin exerts anti-senescence effects. In this study, we investigated whether melatonin can inhibit senescence and prevent diabetic bone loss. METHODS C57BL/6 mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 160 mg/kg streptozotocin, followed by the oral administration of melatonin or vehicle for 2 months. Then, tissues were harvested and subsequently examined. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured under HG conditions for 7 days and then treated with melatonin or not for 24 h. Sirt1-specific siRNAs and MT1- or MT2-specific shRNA plasmids were transfected into MC3T3-E1 cells for mechanistic study. RESULTS The total protein extracted from mouse femurs revealed that melatonin prevented senescence in T1D mice. The micro-CT results indicated that melatonin prevented bone loss in T1D mice. Cellular experiments indicated that melatonin administration prevented HG-induced senescence, whereas knockdown of the melatonin receptors MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Sirt1 expression was upregulated by melatonin administration but significantly reduced after MT1 or MT2 was knocked down. Knockdown of Sirt1 blocked the anti-senescence effects of melatonin. Additionally, melatonin promoted the expression of CDK2, CDK4, and CyclinD1, while knockdown of MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Furthermore, melatonin increased the expression of the polycomb repressive complex (PRC), but knockdown of MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Furthermore, melatonin increased the protein levels of Sirt1, PRC1/2 complex-, and cell cycle-related proteins. CONCLUSION This work shows that melatonin protects against T1D-induced bone loss, probably by inhibiting senescence. Targeting senescence in the investigation of diabetic osteoporosis may lead to novel discoveries.
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Wen K, Zhao MM, Liu L, Khogali MK, Geng TY, Wang HR, Gong DQ. Thiamine modulates intestinal morphological structure and microbiota under subacute ruminal acidosis induced by a high-concentrate diet in Saanen goats. Animal 2021; 15:100370. [PMID: 34583314 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminant animals are generally fed with starch-rich grain as the main energy source, and the incidence of metabolic diseases such as subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is high due to the intensive farming. Thiamin has been reported to alleviate SARA caused by high-concentrate diets, but the exact mechanism is not well understood. The goal of this study was to examine the role of thiamine in intestinal inflammation and microbiota caused by high-concentrate diets. The SARA model was induced by low neutral detergent fibre/starch ration to study the effects of thiamine on intestinal tissue structure and microbiota. 18 mid-lactation (148 ± 3 d in milk; milk yield = 0.71 ± 0.0300 kg/d) Saanen goats (BW = 36.5 ± 1.99 kg; body condition score = 2.73 ± 0.16, where 1 = emaciated and 6 = obese) in parities 1 or 2 were selected. The goats were randomly divided into three groups with six replicates: (1) control diet (C; concentrate:forage 30:70), (2) high-concentrate diet (H; concentrate:forage 70:30), and (3) high-concentrate diet with 200 mg of thiamine/kg of DM intake (H + T;concentrate:forage 70:30). The experimental period was lasted for 56 d. The small and large intestine, expression of inflammatory factor genes, tight junction protein genes, total antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota were measured. The results showed that SARA was observed in treatment H, whereas rumen fluid pH was improved in treatment H + T. Treatment H + T also significantly repaired the intestinal tissue structure damaged by SARA, improved the total antioxidant capacity of the small intestinal mucosa, reduced mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in the small intestine tissue, and increased the mRNA expression of tight junction genes in small intestine tissue. The high-concentrate diet reduced the diversity of intestinal microbiota. When thiamine is added to the high-concentrate diet, the relative abundance of intestinal Firmicutes and beneficial bacteria represented by Lactobacilli were upregulated, and the relative abundance of Proteus, a marker of intestinal dysbacteriosis, returned to normal. In conclusion, thiamine supplementation could alleviate the damage to the intestinal tissue structure and microbial environment caused by SARA condition in dairy goats fed a high-concentrate diet.
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Yu H, Wen K, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Yan Z, Fu H, Zhu J, Zhu Y. Role of unfolded protein response in genital malformation/damage of male mice induced by flutamide. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1690-1699. [PMID: 32662666 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120937049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of a switch of autophagy and apoptosis, and the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) which inducing UPR plays a role in the malformations caused by some genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to flutamide during pregnancy will also cause abnormalities in some male offspring reproductive organs such as cryptorchidism. In this study, after administered the pregnant mouse orally at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight every day during gestational day (GD)12 to GD18, flutamide can not only caused hypospadias in the male mouse offspring but also damaged the morphology and function of their testis. And the expression of UPR-related genes and proteins, autophagy, apoptosis, and angiogenesis-related genes of the damaged/teratogenic testis and penis in the mice were investigated to determine the role of UPR in this model. It was found that flutamide activated maybe the Atg7-Atg3-Lc3 pathway through the UPR pathway, caused cells excessive autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibited the formation of penile and testicular blood vessels by activating UPR and affecting the messenger RNA level of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor 1.
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Wang HQ, Chen G, Li Y, Cui P, Liu GF, Lv XP, Wen K. [Hospitalized but not admitted and influencing factors for pneumoconiosis patients]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2019; 37:696-702. [PMID: 31594131 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the situation where pneumoconiosis patients who should be in hospital are not hospitalized, to analyze the main reasons and influencing factors for their restricted use of hospitalization medical services, and to provide a reference for relevant policy making. Methods: Subjects were sampled in nine provinces, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Hebei, using a method that combined stratified sampling and typical sampling, from March 2017 to January 2018. These subjects were patients occupationally diagnosed with pneumoconiosis and patients clinically diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. The questionnaire The health seeking behaviors of pneumoconiosis patients and their influencing factors was used as the survey tool to investigate their health seeking behaviors such as going to the outpatient clinic and being hospitalized. Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use was used as the analysis model; The χ2 test was used for univariate analysis, and the multivariate logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 1 037 patients with pneumoconiosis were surveyed, with a mean age of 55.9±11.2 years and 67.5% (700/1 037) living in rural areas for a long time. Occupational injury insurance and medical insurance for urban and rural residents were the main insurances used, accounting for 40.9% (424/1 037) and 59.4% (616/1 037) of the cases, respectively. A total of 177 (17.1%) patients were once advised by the doctors to be hospitalized because of pneumoconiosis, while they did not. The proportion of patients who should be in hospital but did not do so among rural patients was significantly higher than that in urban patients (20.1% (141/700) vs 10.7% (36/337) , P<0.05) . Financial difficulties (12.0%, 124/1 037) and self-rated mild symptoms (3.2%, 33/1 037) were the main reasons for not being hospitalized. Model analysis showed that the propensity factor, ability factor, health needs, health seeking behaviors, and self-rated health factor in the Anderson model were all statistically significant (P<0.05) . The main features of high proportion of patients who should be in hospital but did not do so were as follows: personal monthly income below 1 000 RMB (odds ratio[OR]of no income=2.92, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.14-7.48; OR of less than 1 000 RMB=3.55, 95%CI: 1.35-9.35) , no occupational injury insurance (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.16-3.43) , and concurrent emphysema (OR= 1.98, 95%CI: 1.12-3.50) . Conclusion: Low income, no occupational injury insurance, and concurrent emphy-sema are the main constraining factors for hospitalization services use in pneumoconiosis patients.
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Wen K, Wang HQ, Yu C, Lv XP, Qi F, Song JY. [The basic characteristics and medical status of pneumoconiosis patients under different investigation methods]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2019; 37:659-664. [PMID: 31594120 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of pneumoconiosis patients and the basic status of medical treatment. Methods: Research objects were chosen by stratified sampling method and typical survey method from existing pneumoconiosis patients in China. The survey was carried out from March 2017 to January 2018 in nine provinces including provinces from east, medium and western region in China. Source of pneumoconiosis cases were inpatient cases, outpatient or physical-examined cases and household-investigation cases. The survey mainly included demographic and sociological characteristics, economic status, occupational history and dust exposure history, disease status, work-related injury insurance and social security status and related indicators of pneumoconiosis treatment. Results: Investigated 1037 pneumoconiosis cases which included 186 (19.9%) household-investigation cases, 212 (20.4%) outpatient or physical-examined cases and 639 (61.7%) inpatient cases. Demographic and sociological characteristics, individual monthly income, economic source, occupational history and work-related injury insurance were statistically significant among different source of pneumoconiosis patients (P<0.05) . Among all of the household-investigation cases, there were 74 cases (40.2%) had no income, 117 cases (62.9%) used to work in private enterprises, 36 cases (19.4%) had work-related injuries insurance, 95 cases (51.1%) were at three phase of pneumoconiosis, 108 cases (59.0%) haven't had any drugs for pneumoconiosis. 65 cases (39.4%) haven't went to the clinic, 53 cases (28.5%) hadn't seek medical advice although they needed medical treatment very much. Among all of the outpatient or physical-examined cases, there were 95 cases (46.1%) had no income, 36 cases (17.0%) had work-related injuries Insurance, 139 cases (65.6%) went to the clinic for treatment of pneumoconiosis, 81 cases (38.2%) went to the clinic for more than ten times. Among all the inpatient cases, 310 cases' (49.3%) personal monthly income was above 2000 yuan, 352 cases (55.1%) had work-related injuries Insurance, 588 cases (92.2%) were taking drugs for treatment of pneumoconiosis, 153 canses (24.2%) had hospitalization for than ten times. Conclusion: Household-investigation cases have lower economic conditions, lower rates of Insurance coverage for work-related injuries, severer pneumoconiosis and higher clinical service utilization. Clinical or physical-examined cases have lower economic conditions, lower rates of Insurance coverage for work-related injuries and higher clinical service utilization. Hospitalized cases have better economic conditions, higher rates of insurance coverage for work-related injuries and higher hospitalization service utilization.
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Malak M, Christie E, Wen K, Wasse H, Raggi P. P157Myocardial blood flow response to vasodilator cardiac stress testing in patients referred for pre-kidney transplant risk assessment. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez147.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sun XL, Wen K, Chen YH, Xu ZZ, Wang XP. Long-term outcomes and quality of life following ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract for high transsphincteric fistulas. Colorectal Dis 2019; 21:30-37. [PMID: 30184334 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Published outcomes following ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) for high transsphincteric fistulas (HTFs) are equivocal probably because most trials are small and comprise mixed patient populations. The aim of this study was to highlight the long-term efficacy of LIFT for HTFs in a large homogeneous sample and to determine the risk factors that contribute to non-healing resulting in failure and recurrence. METHOD A retrospective study was performed which assessed patients with HTFs treated by LIFT without prior loose setons from September 2012 to December 2017. Continence function was evaluated by the Wexner incontinence scale and anal manometry. Quality of life was assessed by using the faecal incontinence quality of life (FIQL) scale with four domains: lifestyle, coping, depression and embarrassment. RESULTS Seventy patients with HTFs underwent 71 LIFT procedures. The primary healing rate was 81.7% with a median follow-up duration of 16.5 (range 4.5-68) months. The healing rates of mature and immature fistulas were 83.7% and 77.3%, respectively. Two patients suffered failure with an unhealed intersphincteric wound. Recurrence occurred in 11 patients. Incontinence of flatus, present in four patients before surgery, improved postoperatively. Two patients undergoing LIFT combined with fistulotomy complained of flatus incontinence after surgery. No significant differences between preoperative and postoperative Wexner score, maximum resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure were detected. The FIQL was improved in lifestyle, coping and depression. No risk factor for non-healing was found. CONCLUSION LIFT has a promising long-term outcome for HTFs, with negligible impairment on continence and improved quality of life.
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Wen K, Ding CG, Chen G, Ma GX, Wang HQ. [Detection of metals and metalloids in the lavage fluid of whole-lung lavage of the cases of pneumoconiosis]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2018; 35:832-836. [PMID: 29316754 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To detect of the components and concentration of the metals and metalloids in the lavage fluid of whole-lung lavage (WLL) of the cases of pneumoconiosis, and analyze the characteristics, and explore the method to sample and process the samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) . Methods: The samples of urine and serum of three cases of pneumoconiosis were collected before WLL, and the samples of BAL were collected during the WLL from the left and right lungs according to the sequence of four pressured gas flow and five negative pressure drainage. Each of 10ml original samples of WLL was collected firstly, and the left was centrifuged to acquire all the sediment samples and each of 10 ml samples from the centrifuge clear liquids, The components and concentration of the metals and metalloids in the samples were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) . Results: The average volume of BAL from unilat-eral lung for 3 patients was 10 758.3±1518 ml, and the average recovery rate was 89.7%. The average dry weight of sediment samples of BAL of three cases of pneumoconiosis was 0.292 gram with the right lung sam-ples slightly higher than the left lung samples. The detectable elements from the samples included Barium (Ba) , Strontium (Sr) , Calcium (Ca) , Magnesium (Mg) , Manganum (Mn) , Ferrum (Fe) , Cuprum (Cu) , Zinc (Zn) , Kalium (K) , Natrium (Na) , Selenium (Se) , Silicon (Si) and Uranium (U) . Each of concentration dis-tributions of these elements were not normal. Except for Cuprum, Selenium and Uranium, the concentrations of the other ten elements in the supernatant samples, mixture samples and sediments samples were statistical-ly different with the nonparametric test of Kruskal-Wallis. The concentrations of Natrium, Kalium and Barium in supernatant samples were higher, while the others in precipitation samples were higher. The concentration of elements in the sample from the right lung was slightly higher than that from the left lung, but there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) . There were statistical difference in term of element concentration of precipitates samples before and after pressured gas flow (P<0.05) . The concentration of K、Ca、Mg、Si and Se in se-rum, urine, supernatant and sediment samples had a good correlation. The correlation coefficient of Silicon between serum and precipitation was 0.676 and that between urine and precipitation was 0.524. Conclusion: The concentra-tions of the metals and metalloid in sediment samples were more stable than that of supernatant and mixture samples. The sampling of one-side lung lavage fluid was representative in the detection of metals and metalloid in the BAL. It was the best time for sampling sediment from the BAL after the first pressured gas flow among the WLL.
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Gagnaire B, Adam-Guillermin C, Festarini A, Cavalié I, Della-Vedova C, Shultz C, Kim SB, Ikert H, Dubois C, Walsh S, Farrow F, Beaton D, Tan E, Wen K, Stuart M. Effects of in situ exposure to tritiated natural environments: A multi-biomarker approach using the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:597-611. [PMID: 28494285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are chronically exposed to radionuclides as well as other pollutants. Increased concentrations of pollutants in aquatic environments can present a risk to exposed organisms, including fish. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of tritium, in the context of natural environments, on the health of fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Fish were exposed to tritium (activity concentrations ranging from 2 to 23,000Bq/L) and also to various concentrations of several metals to replicate multiple-stressor environments. Fish were exposed for 60days, then transferred to the tritium background site where they stayed for another 60days. Tritium, in the forms of tritiated water (HTO) and organically bound tritium (OBT), and a series of fish health indicators were measured in fish tissues at seven time points throughout the 120days required to complete the exposure and the depuration phases. Results showed effects of environmental exposure following the increase of tritium activity and metals concentrations in water. The internal dose rates of tritium, estimated from tissue HTO and OBT activity concentrations, were consistently low (maximum of 0.2μGy/h) compared to levels at which population effects may be expected (>100μGy/h) and no effects were observed on survival, fish condition, gonado-somatic, hepato-somatic, spleno-somatic and metabolic indices (RNA/DNA, proteins/DNA and protein carbonylation (in gonads and kidneys)). Using multivariate analyses, we showed that several biomarkers (DNA damages, MN frequency, gamma-H2AX, SFA/MUFA ratios, lysosomal membrane integrity, AChE, SOD, phagocytosis and esterase activities) were exclusively correlated with fish tritium internal dose rate, showing that tritium induced genotoxicity, DNA repair activity, changes in fatty acid composition, and immune, neural and antioxidant responses. Some biomarkers were responding to the presence of metals, but overall, more biomarkers were linked to internalized tritium. The results are discussed in the context of multiple stressors involving metals and tritium.
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Qu YH, Li FL, Wen K, Wang W. [Initial osteoblast functions on a type of near β-type titanium alloys surfaces modified by the double glow plasma nitriding technology]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 52:132-136. [PMID: 28253591 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) of osteoblast-like cells on a type of near β-type titanium alloys (Ti-5Zr-3Sn-5Mo-15Nb, TLM) surfaces modified by the double glow plasma nitriding technology, and to investigate the effect of the modified surfaces on the initial functions of osteoblast-like cells. Methods: The surfaces of TLM were modified by the double glow plasma nitriding technology. TLM surfaces without modification were used as control. Cell morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to measure cell proliferation. Cell ALP activity was evaluated by using reagent kits. The mRNA expression of Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), typeⅠcollagen alpha 1 chain (COLⅠ α1) and OPG/RANKL were examined by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR). Results: Four hour following cell alture, cells on modified surfaces extend filopodia and intercellular junction was tight. Three days later, cell proliferation (0.277±0.007) was significantly higher than that in control group (0.249±0.004) (P<0.01). After two weeks, ALP activity on TLM modified layer (173.6±1.89) was significantly higher than that on unmodified TLM (162.6±2.4) (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of osteoblast marker RUNX2, COLⅠα1 were stronger than that in control group (P<0.05). The expression of OPG mRNA was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), and RANKL mRNA expression was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The TLM surface modified by the double glow plasma nitriding technology has a positive effect on osteoblasts initial adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, and it can also improve expression of OPG mRNA and has an inhibitory effect on RANKL mRNA expression of osteoblasts.
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Wen K, Nguyen NT, Hofman A, Ikram MA, Franco OH. Migraine is associated with better cognition in the middle‐aged and elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1510-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dankers W, van Hamburg JP, Davelaar N, Asmawidjaja PS, Wen K, Razawy W, Molendijk M, Van Leeuwen JPTM, Colin EM, Lubberts E. A2.25 Vitamin D induces a TR1-like phenotype in human CCR6 +T cells and promotes their migration to an inflammatory environment. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209124.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Zhang L, Li Y, Qu Q, Wen K. Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a case report and review of the literature. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:870-872. [PMID: 29943940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A para 1, 52-year-old female was admitted with complaints of irregular vaginal bleeding for the previous six months. Ultrasonography revealed a 4x6-cm tumor extending into the uterine cavity and cervical canal. On vaginal examination, a 2x2-cm tumor protruding from the cervical os was found, and an enlarged uterus was palpated. Vaginal intrauterine tumor resection was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Twenty-one months after surgery, the patient died of tumor recurrence. Uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare variant of uterine sarcoma with a poor prognosis and malignant biological behavior.
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Liu Z, Li W, Qin K, Wen K, Zhu CJ, Li NG, Bian HM, Wen HM, Chen L. Scaffold evaluation of liguzinediol analogs as novel cardiotonic agents. DIE PHARMAZIE 2013; 68:926-932. [PMID: 24400437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Liguzinediol (LZDO) could mediate the positive inotropic effects through sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-dependent mechanism without the risk of arrhythmia. However, the pharmacophore of LZDO contributed to the activities was not clear. The aim of this work was to explore the relationship between positive inotropic effect and scaffold of LZDO as well as to check whether the pharmacophore of LZDO on anti-heart failure activity was located at the pyrazine ring. A series of LZDO analogs (3a-b, 4a-b, 9-19) were designed and synthesised, and their activities were evaluated on isolated heart contractility by Langendorff perfusion. The results showed that the efficacy of LZDO was reduced when the hydroxyl, carboxyl or ester moieties at the side chain position of LZDO were induced, and the para-dihydroxy in LZDO was necessary for its activity. Thus, the pharmacophore of the positive inotropic effect might be located at the whole scaffold of LZDO, but not at the pyrazine ring. The finding may provide an important clue of the pharmacophore for the development of novel cardiotonic agents.
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Yoshida A, Ishikawa T, Koyama S, Suzuki H, Tanaka M, Seida K, Wen K, Bajoria R, Williamson E, Spreyer B, Chatterjee R, Harvey L, Neri QV, Fields T, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Setti AS, Vingris L, Braga DPAF, Figueira RCS, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Sano K, Yoshida A, Tanigiwa S, Seida K, Suzuki H, Tanaka M. Session 43: Spermatogenesis - the new knowledge. Hum Reprod 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dankers W, van Hamburg J, Asmawidjaja P, Davelaar N, Wen K, Mus A, Colin E, van Leeuwen J, Hazes J, Lubberts E. OP0141 1,25(OH)2D3 modulates gene expression involved in cytokine production, proliferation, survival and migration of TH17 cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dankers W, Hamburg JPV, Asmawidjaja PS, Davelaar N, Paulissen SMJ, Wen K, Mus AMC, Colin EM, Leeuwen JPTMV, Hazes JMW, Lubberts E. A4.1 1.25(OH) 2D 3Modulates Gene Expression Involved in Phenotype Stability and Migration of Th17 Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203217.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Azevedo MSP, Zhang W, Wen K, Gonzalez AM, Saif LJ, Yousef AE, Yuan L. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri modulate cytokine responses in gnotobiotic pigs infected with human rotavirus. Benef Microbes 2012; 3:33-42. [PMID: 22348907 DOI: 10.3920/bm2011.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been shown to alleviate inflammation, enhance the immunogenicity of rotavirus vaccines, or reduce the severity of rotavirus diarrhoea. Although the mechanisms are not clear, the differential Th1/Th2/Th3-driving capacities and modulating effects on cytokine production of different LAB strains may be the key. Our goal was to delineate the influence of combining two probiotic strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri on the development of cytokine responses in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs infected with human rotavirus (HRV). We demonstrated that HRV alone, or HRV plus LAB, but not LAB alone, initiated serum cytokine responses, as indicated by significantly higher concentrations of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-10 at postinoculation day (PID) 2 in the HRV only and LAB+HRV+ pigs compared to LAB only and LAB-HRV- pigs. Peak cytokine responses coincided with the peak of HRV replication. LAB further enhanced the Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses to HRV infection as indicated by significantly higher concentrations of IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in the LAB+HRV+ pigs compared to the LAB-HRV+ pigs. The LAB+HRV+ pigs maintained relatively constant concentrations of TGF-β compared to the HRV only group which had a significant increase at PID 2 and decrease at PID 7, suggesting a regulatory role of LAB in maintaining gut homeostasis. At PID 28, cytokine secreting cell (CSC) responses, measured by ELISpot, showed increased Th1 (IL-12, IFN-γ) CSC numbers in the LAB+HRV+ and LAB-HRV+ groups compared to LAB only and LAB-HRV- pigs, with significantly increased IL-12 CSCs in spleen and PBMCs and IFN-γ CSCs in spleen of the LAB+HRV+ group. Thus, HRV infection alone, but not LAB alone was effective in inducing cytokine responses but LAB significantly enhanced both Th1 and Th2 cytokines in HRV-infected pigs. LAB may also help to maintain immunological homeostasis during HRV infection by regulating TGF-β production.
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Dankers W, van Hamburg JP, Asmawidjaja PS, Davelaar N, Wen K, Mus AMC, Colin EM, van Leeuwen JPTM, Hazes JMW, Lubberts E. 1,25(OH)2D3 modulates gene expression involved in cytokine production, proliferation, survival and migration of TH17 cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201230.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhang H, Wen K, Shen J, Geng S, Huang J, Pan Z, Jiao X. Characterization of immune responses following intranasal immunization with the Mycobacterium bovis CFP-10 protein expressed by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium. Scand J Immunol 2010; 72:277-83. [PMID: 20883312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) from Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is an immunodominant T-cell antigen expressed during the early stages of infection. Because lungs are most commonly associated with primary M. bovis infections, specific immunity at this site is desirable for protection. Therefore, in this study, immune responses generated in mouse lung, spleen and Peyer's patches were examined following intranasal (i.n.) immunization with Salmonella typhimurium- expressing CFP-10. Cells harvested from the lungs and Peyer's patches of immunized mice and then stimulated with CFP-10 produced significant levels of IFN-γ and these mice developed elevated serum IgG and lung IgA anti-CFP-10 responses, suggesting that this approach induced potent anti-CFP-10 mucosal immunity. Our study demonstrates that i.n. administration of CFP-10 expressed by S. typhimurium represents an effective way to induce efficient immune response to M. bovis antigen.
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He L, Ding Y, Zhang Q, Che X, He Y, Shen H, Wang H, Li Z, Zhao L, Geng J, Deng Y, Yang L, Li J, Cai J, Qiu L, Wen K, Xu X, Jiang S. Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS. J Pathol 2006; 210:288-97. [PMID: 17031779 PMCID: PMC7167655 DOI: 10.1002/path.2067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The authors have previously shown that acute lung injury (ALI) produces a wide spectrum of pathological processes in patients who die of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and that the SARS coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) nucleoprotein is detectable in the lungs, and other organs and tissues, in these patients. In the present study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays were used to analyse the expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), SARS‐CoV spike (S) protein, and some pro‐inflammatory cytokines (PICs) including MCP‐1, TGF‐β1, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 in autopsy tissues from four patients who died of SARS. SARS‐CoV S protein and its RNA were only detected in ACE2+ cells in the lungs and other organs, indicating that ACE2‐expressing cells are the primary targets for SARS‐CoV infection in vivo in humans. High levels of PICs were expressed in the SARS‐CoV‐infected ACE2+ cells, but not in the uninfected cells. These results suggest that cells infected by SARS‐CoV produce elevated levels of PICs which may cause immuno‐mediated damage to the lungs and other organs, resulting in ALI and, subsequently, multi‐organ dysfunction. Therefore application of PIC antagonists may reduce the severity and mortality of SARS. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Keedwell RG, Zhao Y, Hammond LA, Wen K, Qin S, Atangan LI, Shurland DL, Wallace DMA, Bird R, Reitmair A, Chandraratna RAS, Brown G. An antagonist of retinoic acid receptors more effectively inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells than normal prostate epithelium. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:580-8. [PMID: 15266311 PMCID: PMC2409843 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening of synthetic retinoids for activity against prostate carcinoma cell lines has identified antagonists of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) as potent growth inhibitors (Hammond et al, 2001, Br J Cancer 85, 453–462). Here we report that 5 days of exposure to a high-affinity pan-RAR antagonist (AGN194310) abolished growth of prostate carcinoma cells from 14 out of 14 patients, with half-maximal inhibition between 200 and 800 nM. It had similar effects (at ∼250 nM) on the prostate carcinoma lines LNCaP, DU-145 and PC-3. AGN194310 inhibited the growth of normal prostate epithelium cells less potently, by 50% at ∼1 μM. The growth of tumour cells was also inhibited more than that of normal cells when RARβ together with RARγ, but not RARα alone, were antagonised. Treatment of LNCaP cells with AGN194310 arrested them in G1 of cell cycle within 12 h, with an accompanying rise in the level of p21waf1. The cells underwent apoptosis within 3 days, as indicated by mitochondrial depolarisation, Annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis was caspase-independent: caspases were neither cleaved nor activated, and DNA fragmentation was unaffected by the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. The ability of AGN 194310 to induce apoptosis of prostate cancer cells and its differential effect on malignant and normal prostate epithelial cells suggests that this compound may be useful in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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