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Scheiter A, Evert K, Reibenspies L, Cigliano A, Annweiler K, Müller K, Pöhmerer LMG, Xu H, Cui G, Itzel T, Materna-Reichelt S, Coluccio A, Honarnejad K, Teufel A, Brochhausen C, Dombrowski F, Chen X, Evert M, Calvisi DF, Utpatel K. RASSF1A independence and early galectin-1 upregulation in PIK3CA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis: new therapeutic venues. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:1091-1118. [PMID: 34748271 PMCID: PMC8895452 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR and Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways is a hallmark of hepatocarcinogenesis. In a subset of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling dysregulation depends on phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate 3‐kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations, while RAS/MAPK activation is partly attributed to promoter methylation of the tumor suppressor Ras association domain‐containing protein 1 (RASSF1A). To evaluate a possible cocarcinogenic effect of PIK3CA activation and RASSF1A knockout, plasmids expressing oncogenic forms of PIK3CA (E545K or H1047R mutants) were delivered to the liver of RASSF1A knockout and wild‐type mice by hydrodynamic tail vein injection combined with sleeping beauty‐mediated somatic integration. Transfection of either PIK3CA E545K or H1047R mutants sufficed to induce HCCs in mice irrespective of RASSF1A mutational background. The related tumors displayed a lipogenic phenotype with upregulation of fatty acid synthase and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 (SCD1). Galectin‐1, which was commonly upregulated in preneoplastic lesions and tumors, emerged as a regulator of SCD1. Co‐inhibitory treatment with PIK3CA inhibitors and the galectin‐1 inhibitor OTX008 resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity in human HCC cell lines, suggesting novel therapeutic venues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Karolina Müller
- Center for Clinical Studies, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guofei Cui
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timo Itzel
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Silvia Materna-Reichelt
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Coluccio
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kamran Honarnejad
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Frank Dombrowski
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Germany
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Werno C, Honarnejad K, Polzer B. Predicting therapy response by analysis of metastasis founder cells: emerging perspectives for personalized tumor therapy. Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2020.1831910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Werno
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer-Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kamran Honarnejad
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer-Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Polzer
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer-Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
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Honarnejad K, Kirsch AK, Daschner A, Szybinska A, Kuznicki J, Herms J. FRET-based calcium imaging: a tool for high-throughput/content phenotypic drug screening in Alzheimer disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 18:1309-20. [PMID: 24221842 DOI: 10.1177/1087057113502672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perturbed intracellular store calcium homeostasis is suggested to play a major role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). A number of mechanisms have been suggested to underlie the impairment of endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis associated with familial AD-linked presenilin 1 mutations (FAD-PS1). Without aiming at specifically targeting any of those pathophysiological mechanisms in particular, we rather performed a high-throughput phenotypic screen to identify compounds that can reverse the exaggerated agonist-evoked endoplasmic reticulum calcium release phenotype in HEK293 cells expressing FAD-PS1. For that purpose, we developed a fully automated high-throughput calcium imaging assay using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based calcium indicator at single-cell resolution. This novel robust assay offers a number of advantages compared with the conventional calcium measurement screening technologies. The assay was employed in a large-scale screen with a library of diverse compounds comprising 20,000 low-molecular-weight molecules, which resulted in the identification of 52 primary hits and 4 lead structures. In a secondary assay, several hits were found to alter the amyloid β (Aβ) production. In view of the recent failure of AD drug candidates identified by target-based approaches, such a phenotypic drug discovery paradigm may present an attractive alternative for the identification of novel AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Honarnejad
- 1Department of Translational Brain Research, DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
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Honarnejad K, Daschner A, Giese A, Zall A, Schmidt B, Szybinska A, Kuznicki J, Herms J. Development and implementation of a high-throughput compound screening assay for targeting disrupted ER calcium homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80645. [PMID: 24260442 PMCID: PMC3829862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted intracellular calcium homeostasis is believed to occur early in the cascade of events leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Particularly familial AD mutations linked to Presenilins result in exaggerated agonist-evoked calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here we report the development of a fully automated high-throughput calcium imaging assay utilizing a genetically-encoded FRET-based calcium indicator at single cell resolution for compound screening. The established high-throughput screening assay offers several advantages over conventional high-throughput calcium imaging technologies. We employed this assay for drug discovery in AD by screening compound libraries consisting of over 20,000 small molecules followed by structure-activity-relationship analysis. This led to the identification of Bepridil, a calcium channel antagonist drug in addition to four further lead structures capable of normalizing the potentiated FAD-PS1-induced calcium release from ER. Interestingly, it has recently been reported that Bepridil can reduce Aβ production by lowering BACE1 activity. Indeed, we also detected lowered Aβ, increased sAPPα and decreased sAPPβ fragment levels upon Bepridil treatment. The latter findings suggest that Bepridil may provide a multifactorial therapeutic modality for AD by simultaneously addressing multiple aspects of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Honarnejad
- Department of Translational Brain Research, DZNE – German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research; Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Daschner
- Department of Translational Brain Research, DZNE – German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research; Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Armin Giese
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research; Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Zall
- Clemens Schöpf Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Boris Schmidt
- Clemens Schöpf Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Szybinska
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Kuznicki
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jochen Herms
- Department of Translational Brain Research, DZNE – German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research; Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Honarnejad K, Jung CKE, Lammich S, Arzberger T, Kretzschmar H, Herms J. Involvement of presenilin holoprotein upregulation in calcium dyshomeostasis of Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:293-302. [PMID: 23379308 PMCID: PMC3822592 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in presenilins (PS1 and PS2) account for the vast majority of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease cases. Beside the well investigated role of presenilins as the catalytic unit in γ-secretase complex, their involvement in regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis has recently come into more focus of Alzheimer's disease research. Here we report that the overexpression of PS1 full-length holoprotein forms, in particular familial Alzheimer's disease-causing forms of PS1, result in significantly attenuated calcium release from thapsigargin- and bradykinin-sensitive stores. Interestingly, treatment of HEK293 cells with γ-secretase inhibitors also leads to decreased amount of calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) accompanying elevated PS1 holoprotein levels. Similarly, the knockdown of PEN-2 which is associated with deficient PS1 endoproteolysis and accumulation of its holoprotein form also leads to decreased ER calcium release. Notably, we detected enhanced PS1 holoprotein levels also in postmortem brains of patients carrying familial Alzheimer's disease PS1 mutations. Taken together, the conditions in which the amount of full length PS1 holoprotein is increased result in reduction of calcium release from ER. Based on these results, we propose that the disturbed ER calcium homeostasis mediated by the elevation of PS1 holoprotein levels may be a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Honarnejad
- Department of Translational Brain Research, DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
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Honarnejad K, Herms J. Presenilins: Role in calcium homeostasis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1983-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Jung CKE, Fuhrmann M, Honarnejad K, Van Leuven F, Herms J. Role of presenilin1 in structural plasticity of cortical dendritic spines in vivo. J Neurochem 2011; 119:1064-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Jung CK, Honarnejad K, Van Leuven F, Herms J. P2‐194: In vivo analysis of the effect of mutant PS1 on dendritic spines in the somatosensory cortex of transgenic mice. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian K.E. Jung
- Centre for Neuropathologie and Prion ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universit‐ätMunichGermany
| | - Kamran Honarnejad
- Centre for Neuropathologie and Prion ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universit‐ätMunichGermany
| | | | - Jochen Herms
- Centre for Neuropathologie and Prion ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universit‐ätMunichGermany
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Uhrig M, Brechlin P, Jahn O, Knyazev Y, Weninger A, Busia L, Honarnejad K, Otto M, Hartmann T. Upregulation of CRABP1 in human neuroblastoma cells overproducing the Alzheimer-typical Abeta42 reduces their differentiation potential. BMC Med 2008; 6:38. [PMID: 19087254 PMCID: PMC2645429 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-6-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neurodegeneration and changes in cellular processes, including neurogenesis. Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in AD. Owing to varying APP processing, several beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) are generated. In contrast to the form with 40 amino acids (Abeta40), the variant with 42 amino acids (Abeta42) is thought to be the pathogenic form triggering the pathological cascade in AD. While total-Abeta effects have been studied extensively, little is known about specific genome-wide effects triggered by Abeta42 or Abeta40 derived from their direct precursor C99. METHODS A combined transcriptomics/proteomics analysis was performed to measure the effects of intracellularly generated Abeta peptides in human neuroblastoma cells. Data was validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and a functional validation was carried out using RNA interference. RESULTS Here we studied the transcriptomic and proteomic responses to increased or decreased Abeta42 and Abeta40 levels generated in human neuroblastoma cells. Genome-wide expression profiles (Affymetrix) and proteomic approaches were combined to analyze the cellular response to the changed Abeta42- and Abeta40-levels. The cells responded to this challenge with significant changes in their expression pattern. We identified several dysregulated genes and proteins, but only the cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1) was up-regulated exclusively in cells expressing an increased Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio. This consequently reduced all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation, validated by CRABP1 knock down, which led to recovery of the cellular response to RA treatment and cellular sprouting under physiological RA concentrations. Importantly, this effect was specific to the AD typical increase in the Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio, whereas a decreased ratio did not result in up-regulation of CRABP1. CONCLUSION We conclude that increasing the Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio up-regulates CRABP1, which in turn reduces the differentiation potential of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, but increases cell proliferation. This work might contribute to the better understanding of AD neurogenesis, currently a controversial topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Uhrig
- Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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