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Khalifa M, Noureen A, Ertelthalner K, Bandegi AR, Delport R, Firdaus WJJ, Geethanjali FS, Luthra K, Makemaharn O, Pang RWC, Salem AH, Sasaki J, Schiefenhoevel W, Lingenhel A, Kronenberg F, Utermann G, Schmidt K. Lack of association of rs3798220 with small apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and high lipoprotein(a) levels in East and Southeast Asians. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:521-8. [PMID: 26302166 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The variant allele of rs3798220 in the apolipoprotein(a) gene (LPA) is used to assess the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in Europeans, where it is associated with short alleles of the Kringle IV-2 (KIV-2) copy number variation (CNV) and high lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) concentrations. No association of rs3798220 with CAD was detected in a GWAS of East Asians. Our study investigated the association of rs3798220 with Lp(a) concentrations and KIV-2 CNV size in non-European populations to explain the missing association of the variant with CAD in Asians. METHODS We screened three populations from Africa and seven from Asia by TaqMan Assay for rs3798220 and determined KIV-2 CNV sizes of LPA alleles by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Additionally, CAD cases from India were analysed. To investigate the phylogenetic origin of rs3798220, 40 LPA alleles from Chinese individuals were separated by PFGE and haplotyped for further SNPs. RESULTS The variant was not found in Africans. Allele frequencies in East and Southeast Asians ranged from 2.9% to 11.6%, and were very low (0.15%) in CAD cases and controls from India. The variant was neither associated with short KIV-2 CNV alleles nor elevated Lp(a) concentrations in Asians. CONCLUSION Our study shows that rs3798220 is no marker for short KIV-2 CNV alleles and high Lp(a) in East and Southeast Asians, although the haplotype background is shared with Europeans. It appears unlikely that this SNP confers atherogenic potential on its own. Furthermore, this SNP does not explain Lp(a) attributed risk for CAD in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Khalifa
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asma Noureen
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Ertelthalner
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ahmad Reza Bandegi
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rhena Delport
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Wance J J Firdaus
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Finney S Geethanjali
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Orawan Makemaharn
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Richard W C Pang
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Abdel-Halim Salem
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jun Sasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Arno Lingenhel
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerd Utermann
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Konrad Schmidt
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon; Department for Tropical Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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