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Barrett TJ, Cornwell M, Myndzar K, Rolling C, Xia Y, Drenkova K, Biebuyck A, Fields A, Tawil M, Luttrell-Williams E, Yuriditsky E, Smith G, Cotzia P, Neal MD, Kornblith L, Pittaluga S, Rapkiewicz A, Burgess H, Mohr I, Stapleford K, Voora D, Ruggles K, Hochman J, Berger JS. Abstract 109: Platelets Amplify Endotheliopathy In Covid-19. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their pivotal role in thrombosis and hemostasis, platelets participate in inflammatory responses and endothelial cell activation - hallmarks in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given the evidence for a hyperactive platelet phenotype in COVID-19, we investigated effector cell properties of COVID-19 platelets on endothelial cells (ECs). To explore this interaction, ECs were treated with platelet releasate from patients with and without COVID-19, and EC mRNA sequencing performed. We demonstrate that platelet released factors in COVID-19 promote an inflammatory hypercoagulable endotheliopathy. Investigation of the COVID-19 platelet transcriptome identified pathways related to organelle/granule release, metabolism, and immune effector function in addition to upregulation of
S100A8
and
S100A9
mRNA. Incubation of primary megakaryocytes with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also induced upregulation of
S100A8
and
S100A9
mRNA. Consistent with increased gene expression, the heterodimer protein product of
S100A8
/
A9
, myeloid-related protein (MRP)8/14, was released to a greater extent by platelets from COVID-19 patients relative to controls. We demonstrate that platelet-derived MRP8/14 activates microvascular endothelial cells, promotes an inflammatory hypercoagulable phenotype, and is a significant contributor to thromboinflammation and poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we present evidence that therapeutic targeting of platelet P2Y
12
represents a promising candidate to reduce proinflammatory and prothrombotic platelet-endothelial interactions. Altogether, these findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for platelets and their activation-induced endotheliopathy in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuhe Xia
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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2
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Venzon M, Bernard-Raichon L, Klein J, Axelrad J, Hussey G, Sullivan A, Casanovas-Massana A, Noval M, Valero-Jimenez A, Gago J, Wilder E, Team YIR, Iwasaki A, Thorpe L, Littman D, Dittmann M, Stapleford K, Shopsin B, Torres V, Ko A, Cadwell K, Schluter J. Gut microbiome dysbiosis during COVID-19 is associated with increased risk for bacteremia and microbial translocation. Res Sq 2021. [PMID: 34341786 PMCID: PMC8328072 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-726620/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The microbial populations in the gut microbiome have recently been associated with COVID-19 disease severity. However, a causal impact of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 patient health has not been established. Here we provide evidence that gut microbiome dysbiosis is associated with translocation of bacteria into the blood during COVID-19, causing life-threatening secondary infections. Antibiotics and other treatments during COVID-19 can potentially confound microbiome associations. We therefore first demonstrate that the gut microbiome is directly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner in a mouse model, causally linking viral infection and gut microbiome dysbiosis. Comparison with stool samples collected from 101 COVID-19 patients at two different clinical sites also revealed substantial gut microbiome dysbiosis, paralleling our observations in the animal model. Specifically, we observed blooms of opportunistic pathogenic bacterial genera known to include antimicrobial-resistant species in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Analysis of blood culture results testing for secondary microbial bloodstream infections with paired microbiome data obtained from these patients suggest that bacteria translocate from the gut into the systemic circulation of COVID-19 patients. These results are consistent with a direct role for gut microbiome dysbiosis in enabling dangerous secondary infections during COVID-19.
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3
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Sulaiman I, Chung M, Angel L, Koralov S, Wu B, Yeung S, Krolikowski K, Li Y, Duerr R, Schluger R, Thannickal S, Koide A, Rafeq S, Barnett C, Postelnicu R, Wang C, Banakis S, Perez-perez L, Jour G, Shen G, Meyn P, Carpenito J, Liu X, Ji K, Collazo D, Labarbiera A, Amoroso N, Brosnahan S, Mukherjee V, Kaufman D, Bakker J, Lubinsky A, Pradhan D, Sterman D, Heguy A, Uyeki T, Clemente J, de Wit E, Schmidt AM, Shopsin B, Desvignes L, Wang C, Li H, Zhang B, Forst C, Koide S, Stapleford K, Khanna K, Ghedin E, Weiden M, Segal L. Microbial signatures in the lower airways of mechanically ventilated COVID19 patients associated with poor clinical outcome.. [PMID: 33791687 PMCID: PMC8010736 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-266050/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mortality among patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure is high and there are no known lower airway biomarkers that predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial respiratory infections and viral load were associated with poor clinical outcome and host immune tone. We obtained bacterial and fungal culture data from 589 critically ill subjects with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation. On a subset of the subjects that underwent bronchoscopy, we also quantified SARS-CoV-2 viral load, analyzed the microbiome of the lower airways by metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses and profiled the host immune response. We found that isolation of a hospital-acquired respiratory pathogen was not associated with fatal outcome. However, poor clinical outcome was associated with enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with an oral commensal (Mycoplasma salivarium), while high SARS-CoV-2 viral burden, poor anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, together with a unique host transcriptome profile of the lower airways were most predictive of mortality. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that 1) the extent of viral infectivity drives mortality in severe COVID-19, and therefore 2) clinical management strategies targeting viral replication and host responses to SARS-CoV-2 should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Chung
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | - Luis Angel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | | | - Benjamin Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY
| | - Stephen Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Kelsey Krolikowski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | | | | | - Rosemary Schluger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY
| | - Sara Thannickal
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Akiko Koide
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Samaan Rafeq
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY
| | - Clea Barnett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Radu Postelnicu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Chang Wang
- Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University
| | - Stephanie Banakis
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | - Lizzette Perez-Perez
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories
| | - George Jour
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States; Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York
| | - Guomiao Shen
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York
| | - Peter Meyn
- NYU Langone Genome Technology Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Joseph Carpenito
- 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Kun Ji
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Destiny Collazo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Anthony Labarbiera
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Nancy Amoroso
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Shari Brosnahan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Vikramjit Mukherjee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - David Kaufman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Jan Bakker
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Anthony Lubinsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Daniel Sterman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY
| | | | | | | | - Emmie de Wit
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Bo Shopsin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Ludovic Desvignes
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Chan Wang
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, NY
| | - Bin Zhang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | | | - Shohei Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Kenneth Stapleford
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | - Kamal Khanna
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health
| | | | - Michael Weiden
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
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Joubert PE, Stapleford K, Guivel-Benhassine F, Vignuzzi M, Schwartz O, Albert ML. Inhibition of mTORC1 Enhances the Translation of Chikungunya Proteins via the Activation of the MnK/eIF4E Pathway. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005091. [PMID: 26317997 PMCID: PMC4552638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), the causative agent of a major epidemic spanning five continents, is a positive stranded mRNA virus that replicates using the cell's cap-dependent translation machinery. Despite viral infection inhibiting mTOR, a metabolic sensor controls cap-dependent translation, viral proteins are efficiently translated. Rapalog treatment, silencing of mtor or raptor genes, but not rictor, further enhanced CHIKV infection in culture cells. Using biochemical assays and real time imaging, we demonstrate that this effect is independent of autophagy or type I interferon production. Providing in vivo evidence for the relevance of our findings, mice treated with mTORC1 inhibitors exhibited increased lethality and showed a higher sensitivity to CHIKV. A systematic evaluation of the viral life cycle indicated that inhibition of mTORC1 has a specific positive effect on viral proteins, enhancing viral replication by increasing the translation of both structural and nonstructural proteins. Molecular analysis defined a role for phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and MAP kinase-activated protein kinase (MnKs) activation, leading to the hyper-phosphorylation of eIF4E. Finally, we demonstrated that in the context of CHIKV inhibition of mTORC1, viral replication is prioritized over host translation via a similar mechanism. Our study reveals an unexpected bypass pathway by which CHIKV protein translation overcomes viral induced mTORC1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Joubert
- Unité Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
- INSERM U818, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth Stapleford
- Unité des populations virales et Pathogenèse, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | | | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Unité des populations virales et Pathogenèse, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Unité Virus et Immunité, Département de Virologie Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Matthew L. Albert
- Unité Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
- INSERM U818, Paris, France
- Centre d’Immunologie Humaine, Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, Cedex 15, France
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