[Ingestion of unusual foreign bodies in adults about two cases observed at the treichville university hospital center]

Most of ingested foreign bodies passthrough the digestive tract spontaneously. The surgical care represents less than 1%. We report two cases of unexpected ingested foreign bodies treated surgically during the year 2019 in order to identify the surgical indications through a literaturereview. There were one woman and one man respectivelyaged 46 and 33. The accidentlyingestedforeign bodies werea denture and a toothbrush. An attempt to endoscopically extract the denture was unsuccessful. Peritonitis appeared as the complication in both cases. A radiography of unprepared abdomen showed the foreign body in the epigastic area, associated with a pneumoperitonitis in one case. Gastrostomy through laparotomy allowed to extract the foreign body without any complication. Surgery should be indicated either in complications or failure of endoscopic means to extractlocked foreign bodies.

[Preoperative diet and complete dentures in Ivory Coast]

The toothless patients of developing country are a real problem of nutrition. The practitioners are in the habit of doing the prostheses restoration wit hoof thinking of alimentation. In this work, authors show the energetic and protein malnutrition of the toothless patients of Cote d'lvoire and propose a hyperprotein diet with their alimentation habit in order to prepare the psychic and physic site who must receive complete prostheses.

[Effect of the intravenous laser blood irradiation on efficacy of drug preparations]

The effect of the intravenous laser blood (ELB) treatment on the sensitivity of blood components with respect to drugs was studied in patients with nonspecific reactive hepatitis and chronic hepatitis. An ELB course reduced the functional activity of thrombocytes in the presence of fibrinogen and adrenaline hydrochloride (collagen inductors), which must be taken into account when these drugs are used as hemostatic agents.

Evaluation of a quantitative double ELISA strategy for confirmation and differentiation of HIV infection

The current HIV pandemic is complicated by the spread of distinct types and subtypes of HIV. The currently used conventional diagnostic tests have shown limitations in the detection of antibodies against all HIV-1 subtypes, as demonstrated by recent identification of HIV-1 subtype O. To evaluate quantitatively the diagnostic potential of a double ELISA strategy for the detection and partial differentiation of HIV-1, HIV-1 subtype O and HIV-2 infections blood samples were examined at five different test centers: Blantyre, Malawi; Abidjan and Daloa, Ivory Coast; Yaoundé, Cameroon; Munich, Germany. All tests results, including ELISA extinction values and Western blot profiles, were forwarded to Munich for final interpretation. An indirect anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA and a competitive anti-HIV-1 ELISA were used in combination for the initial screening of blood specimens. All anti-HIV positive and anti-HIV negative samples were subjected to immunoblot analysis. Independent of the diversity of the extinction profiles, and of the test manufacturer, the quantitative evaluation of the ELISA extinction values could define two extinction areas with a 100% predictive value for HIV-1 seropositivity and HIV seronegativity; extinction values > 2 by the indirect ELISA and < 0.2 by the competitive ELISA for an anti-HIV-1 subtype A to I positive result; extinction values < 0.2 by the indirect ELISA and > 1.0 by the competitive ELISA for an anti-HIV negative result. Additionally, the quantitative evaluation of the extinction profile provides partial information on the HIV-1 subtype as far as the distinction in group M and group O is concerned. In conclusion, the quantitative evaluation of this double ELISA strategy can reduce the number of blood specimens that require additional confirmatory testing in developing countries and can be superior to the immunoblot method during early seroconversion.

The present and future course of the AIDS epidemic in Côte d'Ivoire

An assessment of the current and future mortality and morbidity from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Côte d'Ivoire was made using the results of the 1989 national survey of the prevalence of human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection in the country and the AIDS projection model developed by WHO. For 1989 it was estimated that about 25,000 AIDS cases in adults and children had occurred, although the total number of cases reported for 1989 (up to 1 July 1991) was about 13% (1:6.9) of this estimated total. It is projected that by 1994 in Côte d'Ivoire the cumulative number of cases of AIDS in adults will be 89,000, and that for infants and children the corresponding number will be 41,000. It was also projected that about 371,000 uninfected children will have been born to HIV-infected mothers in Côte d'Ivoire by 1994 and that many of these children will have been orphaned by the deaths of their mothers from AIDS.