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Zoia M, Yesodha Subramanian B, Eriksson KK, Ravi MS, Yaghmaei S, Fellay I, Scolari B, Walch M, Mantel PY. Validation of Effective Extracellular Vesicles Isolation Methods Adapted to Field Studies in Malaria Endemic Regions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:812244. [PMID: 35652104 PMCID: PMC9149222 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.812244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria affects the poorer regions of the world and is of tremendous health and economic burden for developing countries. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by almost any cells in the human body, including malaria infected red blood cells. Recent evidence shows that EVs might contribute to the pathogenesis of malaria. In addition, EVs hold considerable value in biomarker discovery. However, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of EV biology. So far most of our knowledge about EVs in malaria comes from in vitro work. More field studies are required to gain insight into their contribution to the disease and pathogenesis under physiological conditions. However, to perform research on EVs in low-income regions might be challenging due to the lack of appropriate equipment to isolate EVs. Therefore, there is a need to develop and validate EV extraction protocols applicable to poorly equipped laboratories. We established and validated two protocols for EV isolation from cell culture supernatants, rodent and human plasma. We compared polyethylene glycol (PEG) and salting out (SA) with sodium acetate for precipitation of EVs. We then characterized the EVs by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Western Blot, Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), bead-based flow cytometry and protein quantification. Both protocols resulted in efficient purification of EVs without the need of expensive material or ultracentrifugation. Furthermore, the procedure is easily scalable to work with large and small sample volumes. Here, we propose that both of our approaches can be used in resource limited countries, therefore further helping to close the gap in knowledge of EVs during malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zoia
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bibin Yesodha Subramanian
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Klara Kristin Eriksson
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Meera Sruthi Ravi
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Shekoofeh Yaghmaei
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Fellay
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Scolari
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Walch
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Mantel
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Bosshard N, Zbinden A, Eriksson KK, Förger F. Rituximab and Canakinumab Use During Lactation: No Detectable Serum Levels in Breastfed Infants. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1043-1048. [PMID: 33999372 PMCID: PMC8217349 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In breastfeeding patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, a postpartum flare may require the use of biologics. However, data on the safety of biologics during lactation are scarce, potentially impeding the decision-making process. Case series We report two cases of women in whom treatment with a monoclonal IgG antibody (rituximab or canakinumab) was indicated during the lactation period. In both cases, breastfeeding was continued, and drug levels in the mother’s serum, in serial breast milk samples and in the infant’s serum were measured. Both rituximab and canakinumab showed minimal drug concentrations in breast milk and no detectable levels in the infants’ sera. Conclusion The lack of detectable levels of rituximab and canakinumab in the sera of breastfed infants reflects the poor oral bioavailability of these biologics and helps to promote their use in breastfeeding patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bosshard
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital-University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Astrid Zbinden
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital-University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klara Kristin Eriksson
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital-University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Förger
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital-University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Villani AP, Rozieres A, Bensaid B, Eriksson KK, Mosnier A, Albert F, Mutez V, Brassard O, Baysal T, Tardieu M, Allatif O, Fusil F, Andrieu T, Jullien D, Dubois V, Giannoli C, Gruffat H, Pallardy M, Cosset FL, Nosbaum A, Kanagawa O, Maryanski JL, Yerly D, Nicolas JF, Vocanson M. Massive clonal expansion of polycytotoxic skin and blood CD8 + T cells in patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/12/eabe0013. [PMID: 33741590 PMCID: PMC7978430 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening cutaneous adverse drug reaction. To better understand why skin symptoms are so severe, we conducted a prospective immunophenotyping study on skin and blood. Mass cytometry results confirmed that effector memory polycytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs) are the main leucocytes in TEN blisters at the acute phase. Deep T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing identified massive expansion of unique CDR3 clonotypes in blister cells. The same clones were highly expanded in patient's blood, and the degree of their expansion showed significant correlation with disease severity. By transducing α and β chains of the expanded clonotypes into a TCR-defective cell line, we confirmed that those cells were drug specific. Collectively, these results suggest that the relative clonal expansion and phenotype of skin-recruited CTLs condition the clinical presentation of cutaneous adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Patrice Villani
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Drug Allergy Reference Center, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service de Dermatologie, Lyon, France
| | - Aurore Rozieres
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Benoît Bensaid
- Drug Allergy Reference Center, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service de Dermatologie, Lyon, France
| | - Klara Kristin Eriksson
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Drug Allergy Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Mosnier
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Floriane Albert
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Mutez
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Océane Brassard
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Tugba Baysal
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Tardieu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Omran Allatif
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Floriane Fusil
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Thibault Andrieu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- SFR Biosciences Gerland, US8, UMS3444, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Jullien
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Drug Allergy Reference Center, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service de Dermatologie, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Henri Gruffat
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | | | - François-Loïc Cosset
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Département d'Allergologie et d'immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Osami Kanagawa
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Janet L Maryanski
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique (UTCG), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06101 Nice, France
| | - Daniel Yerly
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Drug Allergy Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- ADR-AC GmbH, Holligenstrasse 91, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Nicolas
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Département d'Allergologie et d'immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Marc Vocanson
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI); INSERM, U1111; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; and CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France.
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van den Worm SHE, Eriksson KK, Zevenhoven JC, Weber F, Züst R, Kuri T, Dijkman R, Chang G, Siddell SG, Snijder EJ, Thiel V, Davidson AD. Reverse genetics of SARS-related coronavirus using vaccinia virus-based recombination. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32857. [PMID: 22412934 PMCID: PMC3296753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a zoonotic disease caused by SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that emerged in 2002 to become a global health concern. Although the original outbreak was controlled by classical public health measures, there is a real risk that another SARS-CoV could re-emerge from its natural reservoir, either in its original form or as a more virulent or pathogenic strain; in which case, the virus would be difficult to control in the absence of any effective antiviral drugs or vaccines. Using the well-studied SARS-CoV isolate HKU-39849, we developed a vaccinia virus-based SARS-CoV reverse genetic system that is both robust and biosafe. The SARS-CoV genome was cloned in separate vaccinia virus vectors, (vSARS-CoV-5prime and vSARS-CoV-3prime) as two cDNAs that were subsequently ligated to create a genome-length SARS-CoV cDNA template for in vitro transcription of SARS-CoV infectious RNA transcripts. Transfection of the RNA transcripts into permissive cells led to the recovery of infectious virus (recSARS-CoV). Characterization of the plaques produced by recSARS-CoV showed that they were similar in size to the parental SARS-CoV isolate HKU-39849 but smaller than the SARS-CoV isolate Frankfurt-1. Comparative analysis of replication kinetics showed that the kinetics of recSARS-CoV replication are similar to those of SARS-CoV Frankfurt-1, although the titers of virus released into the culture supernatant are approximately 10-fold less. The reverse genetic system was finally used to generate a recSARS-CoV reporter virus expressing Renilla luciferase in order to facilitate the analysis of SARS-CoV gene expression in human dendritic cells (hDCs). In parallel, a Renilla luciferase gene was also inserted into the genome of human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E). Using this approach, we demonstrate that, in contrast to HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV is not able to mediate efficient heterologous gene expression in hDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd H. E. van den Worm
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jessika C. Zevenhoven
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Friedemann Weber
- Department of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Züst
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kuri
- Department of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Dijkman
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Guohui Chang
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart G. Siddell
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eric J. Snijder
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Thiel
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew D. Davidson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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5
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Eriksson KK, Cervantes-Barragán L, Ludewig B, Thiel V. Mouse hepatitis virus liver pathology is dependent on ADP-ribose-1''-phosphatase, a viral function conserved in the alpha-like supergroup. J Virol 2008; 82:12325-34. [PMID: 18922871 PMCID: PMC2593347 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02082-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection of the liver can lead to severe tissue damage when high levels of viral replication and spread in the organ are coupled with strong induction of inflammatory responses. Here we report an unexpected correlation between the expression of a functional X domain encoded by the hepatotropic mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59), the high-level production of inflammatory cytokines, and the induction of acute viral hepatitis in mice. X-domain (also called macro domain) proteins possess poly-ADP-ribose binding and/or ADP-ribose-1''-phosphatase (ADRP) activity. They are conserved in coronaviruses and in members of the "alpha-like supergroup" of phylogenetically related positive-strand RNA viruses that includes viruses of medical importance, such as rubella virus and hepatitis E virus. By using reverse genetics, we constructed a recombinant murine coronavirus MHV-A59 mutant encoding a single-amino-acid substitution of a strictly conserved residue that is essential for coronaviral ADRP activity. We found that the mutant virus replicated to slightly reduced titers in livers but, strikingly, did not induce liver disease. In vitro, the mutant virus induced only low levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In vivo, we found that IL-6 production, in particular, was reduced in the spleens and livers of mutant virus-infected mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the MHV X domain exacerbates MHV-induced liver pathology, most likely through the induction of excessive inflammatory cytokine expression.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cricetinae
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/enzymology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/genetics
- Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/pathology
- Macrophages
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Murine hepatitis virus/classification
- Murine hepatitis virus/physiology
- Mutation/genetics
- Pyrophosphatases/chemistry
- Pyrophosphatases/genetics
- Pyrophosphatases/metabolism
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/deficiency
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Virus Replication
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Kristin Eriksson
- Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Research Department and Institute of Pathology, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Molinari M, Eriksson KK, Calanca V, Galli C, Cresswell P, Michalak M, Helenius A. Contrasting functions of calreticulin and calnexin in glycoprotein folding and ER quality control. Mol Cell 2004; 13:125-35. [PMID: 14731400 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin and calnexin are homologous lectins that serve as molecular chaperones for glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotic cells. Here we show that calreticulin depletion specifically accelerates the maturation of cellular and viral glycoproteins with a modest decrease in folding efficiency. Calnexin depletion prevents proper maturation of some proteins such as influenza hemagglutinin but does not interfere appreciably with the maturation of several others. A dramatic loss of stringency in the ER quality control with transport at the cell surface of misfolded glycoprotein conformers is only observed when substrate access to both calreticulin and calnexin is prevented. Although not fully interchangeable during assistance of glycoprotein folding, calreticulin and calnexin may work, independently, as efficient and crucial factors for retention in the ER of nonnative polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Molinari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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