1
|
Nickerson KP, Senger S, Zhang Y, Lima R, Patel S, Ingano L, Flavahan WA, Kumar DKV, Fraser CM, Faherty CS, Sztein MB, Fiorentino M, Fasano A. Salmonella Typhi Colonization Provokes Extensive Transcriptional Changes Aimed at Evading Host Mucosal Immune Defense During Early Infection of Human Intestinal Tissue. EBioMedicine 2018; 31:92-109. [PMID: 29735417 PMCID: PMC6013756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal microorganisms influence a variety of host functions in the gut, including immune response, glucose homeostasis, metabolic pathways and oxidative stress, among others. This study describes how Salmonella Typhi, the pathogen responsible for typhoid fever, uses similar strategies to escape immune defense responses and survive within its human host. To elucidate the early mechanisms of typhoid fever, we performed studies using healthy human intestinal tissue samples and "mini-guts," organoids grown from intestinal tissue taken from biopsy specimens. We analyzed gene expression changes in human intestinal specimens and bacterial cells both separately and after colonization. Our results showed mechanistic strategies that S. Typhi uses to rearrange the cellular machinery of the host cytoskeleton to successfully invade the intestinal epithelium, promote polarized cytokine release and evade immune system activation by downregulating genes involved in antigen sampling and presentation during infection. This work adds novel information regarding S. Typhi infection pathogenesis in humans, by replicating work shown in traditional cell models, and providing new data that can be applied to future vaccine development strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Nickerson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - S Senger
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R Lima
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - S Patel
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - L Ingano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - W A Flavahan
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - D K V Kumar
- Department for the Neuroscience of Genetics and Aging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - C M Fraser
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - C S Faherty
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - M B Sztein
- Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - M Fiorentino
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A Fasano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|