[Detection of HPV type 16, 18 infection and p53 protein overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE

To study the action and interaction of HPV16, 18 infection and p53 protein overexpression in carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

METHODS

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for detection of HPV16, 18 DNA, immunohistochemical technique (LSAB) for detection of p53 protein overexpression.

RESULTS

In HPV-DNA analysis, HPV 16, 18 DNA were demonstrated significantly (P < 0.05) more often (48.89%, 22 of 45; 15 cases positive with HPV16-DNA and 7 cases positive with HPV18-DNA) in OSCC than in normal oral mucosa (negative). The frequency of p53 protein overexpression was 62.22% (28 of 45) in OSCC, while negative in normal oral mucosa (P < 0.01). The average survival time and survival rate of patients with HPV16, 18 infection and p53 overexpression was shorter than that of patients without HPV infection (P > 0.05) and without p53 overexpression (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The result suggests that HPV16, 18 infection plays a significant role in carcinogenesis of OSCC. p53 mutation is a frequent genetic event in OSCC. HPV status and p53 protein overexpression partially affect the average survival time and survival rate of OSCC patients.

[Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in Xinjiang Uygur women]

OBJECTIVE

To study the association of cervical cancer with human papillomaviral (HPV) infection in Uygur women at high risk for development of cervical cancer in Xinjiang.

METHODS

Cervical samples from 65 Uygur women with cervical cancer were collected. HPV DNA types 6/11, 16/18, 31/33/35 were studied by in-situ hybridization, and both consensus and type-specific primers for HPV types 6, 16 and 18 were used in 58 cases by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTS

HPV DNA was detected in 43.1%, 22.4% and 77.6% of specimens by the in-situ hybridization, PCR using L1 consensus primers and E6 type-specific primers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

E6 type-specific PCR was more sensitive than L1 consesus PCR and in-situ hybridization detection of HPV DNA. These data supported the role of HPV DNA (particularly HPV 16) in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma in high risk women living in Xinjiang.

Detection of human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has been identified in esophageal carcinomas. However, the incidence of HPV varies significantly in different geographic locations. In the current study, neoplasms from two separate geographic regions were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA:

METHODS

One hundred and ten esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 83 from Beijing, China and 27 from Cincinnati, Ohio, were examined for the presence of HPV DNA: In situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using both consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene and type specific primers for the E6 gene of HPV types 6, 16, and 18 were performed.

RESULTS

In situ hybridization failed to demonstrate any HPV type (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, or 35) in any tumor specimen. Likewise, PCR using consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene was negative in all samples. Three of the Chinese specimens (4.29%) were positive for HPV using E6 type specific primers. One tumor contained HPV type 6 DNA, whereas the other 2 contained HPV type 16 DNA. One Cincinnati tumor (4.35%) was positive for HPV 16 by type specific primer. None of the specimens contained HPV 18 DNA.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of HPV DNA in esophageal carcinoma specimens from Beijing, China and Cincinnati, Ohio is similar. The incidence of HPV in tumors from Beijing is significantly lower than that reported for those from other regions of China where the incidence of esophageal cancer is higher. Thus, although HPV may play a role in esophageal carcinogenesis, this role may be more pronounced in those regions of the world with a high incidence of the disease, and may be less important in areas with moderate or low risks for esophageal cancer.

Detection of human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has been identified in esophageal carcinomas. However, the incidence of HPV varies significantly in different geographic locations. In the current study, neoplasms from two separate geographic regions were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA:

METHODS

One hundred and ten esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 83 from Beijing, China and 27 from Cincinnati, Ohio, were examined for the presence of HPV DNA: In situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using both consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene and type specific primers for the E6 gene of HPV types 6, 16, and 18 were performed.

RESULTS

In situ hybridization failed to demonstrate any HPV type (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, or 35) in any tumor specimen. Likewise, PCR using consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene was negative in all samples. Three of the Chinese specimens (4.29%) were positive for HPV using E6 type specific primers. One tumor contained HPV type 6 DNA, whereas the other 2 contained HPV type 16 DNA. One Cincinnati tumor (4.35%) was positive for HPV 16 by type specific primer. None of the specimens contained HPV 18 DNA.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of HPV DNA in esophageal carcinoma specimens from Beijing, China and Cincinnati, Ohio is similar. The incidence of HPV in tumors from Beijing is significantly lower than that reported for those from other regions of China where the incidence of esophageal cancer is higher. Thus, although HPV may play a role in esophageal carcinogenesis, this role may be more pronounced in those regions of the world with a high incidence of the disease, and may be less important in areas with moderate or low risks for esophageal cancer.

Detection of human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has been identified in esophageal carcinomas. However, the incidence of HPV varies significantly in different geographic locations. In the current study, neoplasms from two separate geographic regions were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA:

METHODS

One hundred and ten esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 83 from Beijing, China and 27 from Cincinnati, Ohio, were examined for the presence of HPV DNA: In situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using both consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene and type specific primers for the E6 gene of HPV types 6, 16, and 18 were performed.

RESULTS

In situ hybridization failed to demonstrate any HPV type (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, or 35) in any tumor specimen. Likewise, PCR using consensus primers for the HPV L1 gene was negative in all samples. Three of the Chinese specimens (4.29%) were positive for HPV using E6 type specific primers. One tumor contained HPV type 6 DNA, whereas the other 2 contained HPV type 16 DNA. One Cincinnati tumor (4.35%) was positive for HPV 16 by type specific primer. None of the specimens contained HPV 18 DNA.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of HPV DNA in esophageal carcinoma specimens from Beijing, China and Cincinnati, Ohio is similar. The incidence of HPV in tumors from Beijing is significantly lower than that reported for those from other regions of China where the incidence of esophageal cancer is higher. Thus, although HPV may play a role in esophageal carcinogenesis, this role may be more pronounced in those regions of the world with a high incidence of the disease, and may be less important in areas with moderate or low risks for esophageal cancer.

Differential sensitivities of E6 type-specific and L1 consensus primers in the detection of human papillomavirus in anal carcinoma

Anogenital malignancy has been increasing in incidence in recent decades. There is strong evidence in the literature suggesting that human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a role in the genesis of anogenital neoplasia. In addition, identification of oncogenic HPV types in anogenital carcinomas may have prognostic significance. The method used to detect HPV infection, however, affects the frequency with which viral DNA is identified. We examined tissues from 56 patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma for the presence of HPV DNA by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction using both consensus and type-specific primers to determine if HPV detection varies when different methods are used. In situ hybridization identified the presence of HPV DNA in 41.1% of patients. Polymerase chain reaction using type-specific probes for the HPV E6 gene demonstrated HPV DNA in 46% of anal carcinomas, whereas polymerase chain reaction with consensus primers detected HPV DNA in only 16.3% of cases. All cases containing HPV type 6 were identified with L1 primers, whereas only three of 23 cases containing HPV type 16 were identified. The differences in the rate of HPV detection by the two polymerase chain reactions methods are most likely related to L1 gene loss in cells containing integrated HPV type 16.

The relationship of human papillomavirus to proliferation and ploidy in carcinoma of the anus

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections have been implicated in anogenital neoplasia in both sexes. In this study, the authors postulated that HPV infections induce squamous epithelium to become hyperproliferative and aneuploid.

METHODS

To test this hypothesis, formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues were analyzed for the presence of HPV by in situ hybridization. S-phase fraction and DNA content were evaluated by flow cytometry. Proliferative indices also were analyzed using an antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).

RESULTS

Human papillomavirus DNA was present in 48.1% of the carcinomas. All but one HPV-positive tumor contained HPV 16/18 DNA. The remaining tumor contained only HPV 6/11. No correlation was found between HPV status, patient age, or tumor differentiation. Thirty-three percent of tumors were aneuploid. Only two patients had aneuploid tumors that were HPV-negative; these patients received preoperative radiotherapy. The average S-phase fraction was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in HPV-positive versus HPV-negative lesions. The PCNA index for HPV positive tumors was also significantly higher than that observed in negative tumors (p < 0.003).

CONCLUSION

The presence of HPV in tumor cells is significantly associated with an increased proliferative rate and aneuploid status of tumors compared with HPV-negative tumors. These findings are consistent with the fact that viral proteins binding to tumor suppressor gene proteins can deregulate the cell cycle and lead to genomic instability.