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Gómez-Meda BC, Zúñiga-González GM, Sánchez-Orozco LV, Zamora-Perez AL, Rojas-Ramírez JP, Rocha-Muñoz AD, Sobrevilla-Navarro AA, Arellano-Avelar MA, Guerrero-de León AA, Armendáriz-Borunda JS, Sánchez-Parada MG. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay of populations under chronic heavy metal and other metal exposure along the Santiago River, Mexico. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 189:522. [PMID: 28948473 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Santiago River is one of the most contaminated rivers in Mexico, with heavy metal levels above the allowed limits. Scientific evidence indicates that chronic heavy metal exposure leads to cytogenotoxic effects. The aims of this study were to evaluate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of such exposure in buccal mucosa cells by micronucleus (MN) assay and to identify other nuclear abnormalities (NAs), such as nuclear buds (NBUDs), binucleated cells (BNs), pyknotic nuclei (PNs), karyorrhexis (KX), karyolysis (KL), and abnormally condensed chromatin (CC). Assays were performed on samples from four populations located alongside the Santiago River that are under chronic exposure to heavy metals and other metals (HMMs), and the results were compared with those of a population without exposure to HMMs. The exposed group showed increased frequencies of NAs (KX, CC, and KL), which are associated with cytotoxic damage, and NBUDs, which are associated with genotoxic damage. Increased frequencies of NBUDs and CC were observed in subjects from El Salto/Juanacatlán, Ocotlán, and Paso de Guadalupe, and an increase in KX frequency was observed in subjects from El Salto/Juanacatlán. Significant differences in KL frequency were observed in subjects from La Barca, El Salto/Juanacatlán, Paso de Guadalupe, and Ocotlán. Predictors for increased development of MNs and NBUDs were high concentrations of Al, Zn, and Cu. In conclusion, chronic exposure to HMMs, especially Al, Cu, and Zn, in the studied population could be related to increased frequencies of NAs, such as NBUDs, KX, CC, and KL, in the buccal mucosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Gómez-Meda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - G M Zúñiga-González
- Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - L V Sánchez-Orozco
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A L Zamora-Perez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Departamento de Clínicas Odontológicas Integrales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J P Rojas-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A D Rocha-Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A A Sobrevilla-Navarro
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - M A Arellano-Avelar
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A A Guerrero-de León
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J S Armendáriz-Borunda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - M G Sánchez-Parada
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Fernández-Galindo DA, Sánchez-Ávila F, Bobadilla-Morales L, Gómez-Quiróz P, Bueno-Topete M, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Sánchez-Orozco LV. New amino acid changes in drug resistance sites and HBsAg in hepatitis B virus genotype H. J Med Virol 2015; 87:985-92. [PMID: 25732900 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term treatment with retrotranscriptase (RT) inhibitors eventually leads to the development of drug resistance. Drug-related mutations occur naturally and these can be found in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers who have never received antiviral therapy. HBsAg are overlapped with RT domain, thus nucleot(s)ide analogues (NAs) resistance mutations and naturally-occurring mutations can cause amino acid changes in the HBsAg. Twenty-two patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled; three of them were previously treated with NAs and 19 were NAs-naïve treated. HBV reverse transcriptase region was sequenced; genotyping and analysis of missense mutations were performed in both RT domain and HBsAg. There was predominance of genotype H. Drug mutations were present in 18.2% of patients. Classical lamivudine resistance mutations (rtM204V/rtL180M) were present in one naïve-treatment patient infected with genotype G. New amino acid changes were identified in drug resistance sites in HBV strains from patients infected with genotype H; rtQ215E was present in two naïve-NAs treatment patients and rtI169M was identified in a patient previously treated with lamivudine. Mutations at sites rt169, rt204, and rt215 resulted in the Y161C, I195M, and C206W mutations at HBsAg. Also, new amino acid changes were identified in B-cell and T-cell epitopes and were more frequent in HBsAg compared to RT domain. In conclusion, new amino acid changes at antiviral resistance sites, B-cell and T-cell epitopes in HBV genotype H were identified in Mexican patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Fernández-Galindo
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Sánchez-Orozco LV, Pauley BA, Chan JYF, Chan EKL, Panduro A, Maldonado González M, Jiménez-Luévanos MA, Martín-Márquez BT, Palafox-Sánchez CA, Dávalos-Rodríguez IP, Salazar-Páramo M, González-López L, Gámez-Nava JI, Satoh M. Autoantibodies to a miRNA-binding protein Argonaute2 (Su antigen) in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2010; 28:842-848. [PMID: 21122261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic liver diseases caused by hepatitis B (HBV) or C virus (HCV) are common worldwide. Despite reports on autoimmunity in viral hepatitis, studies on autoantibodies associated with systemic rheumatic diseases are inconsistent. Testing of a small number of selected autoantibody specificities using ELISA appears to be one reason for inconsistency. Sera from patients with viral hepatitis were tested by immunoprecipitation that will allow unbiased screening of autoantibodies found in systemic rheumatic diseases. METHODS Ninety Mexican patients (37 male, 53 female, 26 HBV, 6 HBV+HCV, 58 HCV) with chronic viral hepatitis, confirmed by nested or RT-nested-PCR, HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies, were studied. Autoantibodies were tested by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation and ELISA. Specificities were verified using reference sera. RESULTS Antinuclear antibodies were found in 38% HBV, 17% HBV+HCV, and 28% in HCV. Autoantibodies to Argonaute (Ago2, Su antigen), a microRNA binding protein that plays a key role in RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), was found in 5% (4/64) of HCV or HBV+HCV coinfected patients but not in HBV (0/26). Anti-Ago2/Su was found in 1/2 of I-IFN-treated case vs. 3/62 in cases without I-IFN. HCV did not have other lupus autoantibodies whereas 19% (5/26) of HBV had anti-U1RNP+Ku, Ro+La, RNA polymerase II, or possible U5snRNPs. CONCLUSIONS Lupus autoantibodies were uncommon in HCV except anti-Ago2/Su. HCV and I-IFN have many ways to affect TLR signaling, miRNA and miRNA binding protein Ago2/Su. To understand the mechanism of specific targeting of Ago2 in HCV may provide a clue to understand the mechanism of specific autoantibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vázquez-Del Mercado
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico.
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