Oscillatory Oxidation of Malonic Acid by Bromate

At room temperature the chemical reaction between malonic acid (0.2 M) and KBrO3 (0.06 м) in 1 м H2SO4 is catalysed by cerium ions. The oscillation of the yellow Ce4+ ions can be observed directly during the reaction. By silica-gel chromatography the brominated products of the reaction have been identified as dibromoacetic acid and bromomalonic acid.

Oscillatory Oxidation of Malonic Acid by Bromate

In order to elucidate the reaction scheme of the oscillatory malonic acid-KBrO3system in sulphuric acid the products extracted from the reaction system by ether are analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. After 2 hours reaction time implying approx. 80 to 100 cycles malonic acid, monobromomalonic acid and dibromoacetic acid are identified in a relative ratio of about 1.0, 0.14 and 0.023.

[Batch documentation of blood products]

BACKGROUND

In former years transmission of infectious diseases by blood products was repeatedly observed. To trace these incriminated batches of blood products proved to be nearly impossible.

METHODS

This publication describes the documentation of different batches of blood products. In the simpliest case the batch numbers of blood products can be stored in files using forms. Besides this documentation of batches can be aided by EDP using databases and barcodes. A test for the correct and complete input of data is given.

RESULTS

The registration of batches of commercially available blood products as well as blood preserves is possible. Incriminated batches can be traced back.

CONCLUSIONS

Besides donor selection, control of the manufacturing process and the use of inactivation procedures for viruses the documentation of batches substantially contributes to the safety of plasma derivatives. With the applied techniques documentation is easily achieved.

Chargenerfassung von Blutprodukten

<i>Hintergrund</i>: Blutprodukte haben in der Vergangenheit wiederholt zur Ubertragung von Infektionen geführt. Dabei hat es sich in der Praxis gezeigt, daβ die Rückverfol-gung ganzer inkriminierter Chargen nahezu unmöglich war. <i>Methodik</i>: Beschrieben wird hier die patienten- und chargenbezogene Dokumentation von Blutprodukten mit Hilfe von Erfassungsformularen. Die Archivierung und Rückverfolgung von Chargen erfolgt hierbei im einfachsten Falle durch herkömm-liche Ablage in Aktenordnern. Daneben wird die EDV-gestützte Archivierung mit Datenbankprogrammen unter Verwendung von Barcode-Lesestiften vorgestellt. Die Überprüfung der Richtigkeit und Vollständigkeit der Erfassung wird erörtert. <i>Ergebnisse</i>: Die Erfassung und Rückverfolgung von Chargen sowohl von Fertigarz-neimitteln als auch Blutkonserven wird ermöglicht. <i>Schluβfolgerungen</i>: Neben Spenderauswahl, Kontrolle der Produktion und Virus-inaktivierung ist die Chargendokumentation ein wesentliches Verfahren zur Er-höhung der Sicherheit von Blutprodukten. Mit den obigen Verfahren kann diese Dokumentation sehr einfach durchgeführt werden.

Interaction of Cibacron dyes with dehydrogenases and kinases

Cibacronblue The inhibition of the activity of various kinases and dehydrogenases by Cibacronblue 3 G-A and its structural analogues relies on the interaction of the anthrachinone moiety as well as of the neighbouring phenyl group of the dye with the proteins. Binding is intensified by hydrophobic substituents at the latter ring system.

Mechanism of renaturation of pyruvate kinase of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis: activation by L-valine and magnesium and manganese ions

Pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) of S. carlsbergensis is a tetrameric enzyme, composed of four identical subunits each of which contains 1 mole of L-valine noncovalently bound. The enzyme readily dissociates into monomeric units. L-Valine and magnesium or manganese ions are specific primers of the renaturation process of the enzyme. The amino acid induces renaturation with a K(0.5) of 17 muM and a pseudo first-order rate constant of 0.019 min(-1) at 25 degrees with respect to the monomeric species, indicating that L-valine influences the folding of the monomeric form from a disordered state to its native conformation being followed by a spontaneous reassociation with formation of the tetrameric enzyme. Independently, magnesium and manganese ions induce the renaturation with a first-order rate constant of the same magnitude.

Oscillatory Oxidation of Malonic Acid by Bromate 3. CO2 and BrO3--Titration

The reaction of malonic acid and bromate in the presence of catalytic amounts of cerious ion under oscillating conditions in sulphuric acid was investigated. After two hours reaction time 26 mM bromate were consumed and 42 mM CO2 produced. No formic acid was detected. Furthermore, 14C-tracer experiments suggest that malonic acid is first brominated and subsequently decarboxylated.