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de Carvalho RC, Silva AL, de Paula DC, Generoso LP, Candido NL, Capello MGM, Santos Pereira G, de Barros CM, Mazetto Cadide D, da Silva JRT, Lourenço da Silva M. A Preterm Rat Model for Pain Studies. J Vis Exp 2024. [PMID: 38407332 DOI: 10.3791/65800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This research delves into the consequences of consistent pinprick stimulation on preterm offspring to ascertain its long-term implications for pain sensitivity. The primary objective of this protocol was to investigate the impact of neonatal pinprick stimuli on the pain threshold in the later stages of life using a preterm rat model. By establishing this model, we aim to advance the research on understanding and managing early postnatal pain associated with prematurity. The findings of this study indicate that while the baseline thresholds to mechanical stimuli remained unaffected, there was a notable increase in mechanical hypersensitivity following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection in adult rats. Interestingly, compared with male rats, female rats demonstrated heightened inflammatory hypersensitivity. Notably, maternal behavior, the weight of the litters, and the growth trajectory of the offspring remained unchanged by the stimulation. The manifestation of altered nociceptive responses in adulthood after neonatal painful stimuli could be indicative of changes in sensory processing and the functioning of glucocorticoid receptors. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms involved and to develop interventions for the consequences of prematurity and neonatal pain in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Laura Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Marcelo de Barros
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG; SINPAIN Faculty
| | - Danielle Mazetto Cadide
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG; SINPAIN Faculty
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de Carvalho RC, Generoso LP, da Silva AL, Pereira GS, de Paula DC, Candido NL, Capello MGM, da Silva JRT, da Silva ML. Effects of repetitive pinprick stimulation on preterm offspring: Alterations in nociceptive responses and inflammatory hypersensitivity in adulthood. Behav Brain Res 2023; 454:114633. [PMID: 37597588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigates the effects of repetitive pinprick stimulation on preterm offspring and its impact on nociceptive responses and inflammatory hypersensitivity in adulthood. OBJECTIVES The objective is to shed light on the potential long-term consequences of neonatal pain and prematurity on sensory processing. METHODS Term and preterm rats were subjected to repetitive pinprick (PP) stimulation or control (CC) during the neonatal period. Adult rats received CFA injection to induce inflammatory hypersensitivity, and mechanical hypersensitivity was measured. Gender differences in inflammatory hypersensitivity were also examined. Maternal behavior, litter weight, and offspring growth were monitored to assess any potential influences of the stimulation on these parameters. RESULTS In preterm rats, the PP stimulation did not affect baseline thresholds to mechanical stimuli, but increased mechanical hypersensitivity after CFA injection in adult rats. Females exhibited greater inflammatory hypersensitivity compared to males. Maternal behavior, litter weight, and offspring growth were not influenced by the stimulation. PP stimulation during the neonatal period led to changes in nociceptive responses in adulthood, potentially altering sensory processing. CONCLUSION PP stimulation in preterm rats during the neonatal period resulted in changes in nociceptive responses in adulthood, leading to increased inflammatory hypersensitivity. The study emphasizes how early development can significantly impact sensory processing and further highlights the potential long-term consequences of prematurity and neonatal pain on this processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravena Carolina de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB), UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura Pereira Generoso
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB), UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura da Silva
- Graduation in Physiotherapy at the Motricity Sciences Institute, UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Santos Pereira
- Graduation in Physiotherapy at the Motricity Sciences Institute, UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cavalcante de Paula
- Graduation in Physiotherapy at the Motricity Sciences Institute, UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalie Lange Candido
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB), UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Maziero Capello
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB), UNIFAL, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Lourenço da Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Study of Pain (LANNED), UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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