Obstetric interventions in a maternity hospital with a collaborative model of care: a comparative observational study

Collaborative models (CM) focused on intrapartum care shared between both midwives and obstetricians have been proposed as a strategy to reduce these rates. Our aim was to compare use of evidence-based practices, obstetric interventions and c-section rates in two settings: a maternity hospital that applies a CM of care (MRJ) and data from a pool of maternity hospitals included in the Birth in Brazil Survey (NB) that do not adopt a CM. Data was abstracted from medical and administrative records in MRJ and from medical records and face-to-face interviews in NB. Differences were compared using chi-square test, with significance level set at p<0.05. MRJ showed a higher frequency of labour companionship, labour care provided by nurse midwives, non-pharmacological pain relief methods, food intake during labour, and less use of oxytocin, analgesia and amniotomy. More women also had second stage assisted by a nurse midwife and in a vertical position, as well as lower use of episiotomies and vacuum-extractor/forceps. The c-section rate was lower at MRJ. Shared care between midwives and obstetricians can be an effective strategy to improve quality of intrapartum care.

Influence of hospital characteristics on the performance of elective cesareans in Southeast Brazil

This article aims to assess the influence of hospital characteristics on the odds of performing an elective cesarean in the Southeast region of Brazil. Data were obtained from the Birth in Brazil study, conducted from February 2011 to October 2012. The current analysis includes the sample from Southeast Brazil, with 10,155 women. The group of women that underwent elective cesareans was compared to the women who went into labor or underwent labor induction, regardless they had intrapartum cesarean or vaginal delivery. Except for gestational age, all the obstetric characteristics analyzed were associated with elective cesarean. In this group, 60.5% had no prior cesarean and 64.7% had low-risk gestations. Among the births with public financing, there were higher odds of elective cesareans in women treated at hospitals with < 1,500 births/year (OR = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.37-3.26) and 1,500-2,999 births/year (OR = 1.45; 95%CI: 1.04-2.02) and in mixed hospitals (OR = 1.81; 95%CI: 1.37-2.39). In the mixed hospitals, the association was stronger when located in non-capital cities with > 3,000 births/year (OR = 3.45; 95%CI: 1.68-7.08), reaching the highest level in hospitals in non-capital cities with < 3,000 births/year (OR = 4.08; 95%CI: 2.61-6.37). Meanwhile, no association was seen between elective cesarean and public hospitals located in non-capital cities of the Southeast region. Prevalence rates of elective cesareans in public hospitals in Southeast Brazil are high when compared to other countries, and they are heavily influenced by hospital characteristics.