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Asghari Adib E, Shadrach JL, Reilly-Jankowiak L, Dwivedi MK, Rogers AE, Shahzad S, Passino R, Giger RJ, Pierchala BA, Collins CA. DLK signaling in axotomized neurons triggers complement activation and loss of upstream synapses. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113801. [PMID: 38363678 PMCID: PMC11088462 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Axotomized spinal motoneurons (MNs) lose presynaptic inputs following peripheral nerve injury; however, the cellular mechanisms that lead to this form of synapse loss are currently unknown. Here, we delineate a critical role for neuronal kinase dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK)/MAP3K12, which becomes activated in axotomized neurons. Studies with conditional knockout mice indicate that DLK signaling activation in injured MNs triggers the induction of phagocytic microglia and synapse loss. Aspects of the DLK-regulated response include expression of C1q first from the axotomized MN and then later in surrounding microglia, which subsequently phagocytose presynaptic components of upstream synapses. Pharmacological ablation of microglia inhibits the loss of cholinergic C boutons from axotomized MNs. Together, the observations implicate a neuronal mechanism, governed by the DLK, in the induction of inflammation and the removal of synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Asghari Adib
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer L Shadrach
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Manish K Dwivedi
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abigail E Rogers
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shameena Shahzad
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ryan Passino
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Roman J Giger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian A Pierchala
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Catherine A Collins
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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