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Poos JM, Grandpierre LDM, van der Ende EL, Panman JL, Papma JM, Seelaar H, van den Berg E, van 't Klooster R, Bron E, Steketee R, Vernooij MW, Pijnenburg YAL, Rombouts SARB, van Swieten J, Jiskoot LC. Longitudinal Brain Atrophy Rates in Presymptomatic Carriers of Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia. Neurology 2022; 99:e2661-e2671. [PMID: 36288997 PMCID: PMC9757869 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is important to identify at what age brain atrophy rates in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) start to accelerate and deviate from normal aging effects to find the optimal starting point for treatment. We investigated longitudinal brain atrophy rates in the presymptomatic stage of genetic FTD using normative brain volumetry software. METHODS Presymptomatic GRN, MAPT, and C9orf72 pathogenic variant carriers underwent longitudinal volumetric T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain as part of a prospective cohort study. Images were automatically analyzed with Quantib® ND, which consisted of volume measurements (CSF and sum of gray and white matter) of lobes, cerebellum, and hippocampus. All volumes were compared with reference centile curves based on a large population-derived sample of nondemented individuals (n = 4,951). Mixed-effects models were fitted to analyze atrophy rates of the different gene groups as a function of age. RESULTS Thirty-four GRN, 8 MAPT, and 14 C9orf72 pathogenic variant carriers were included (mean age = 52.1, standard deviation = 7.2; 66% female). The mean follow-up duration of the study was 64 ± 33 months (median = 52; range 13-108). GRN pathogenic variant carriers showed a faster decline than the reference centile curves for all brain areas, though relative volumes remained between the 5th and 75th percentiles between the ages of 45 and 70 years. In MAPT pathogenic variant carriers, frontal lobe volume was already at the 5th percentile at age 45 years and showed a further decline between the ages 50 and 60 years. Temporal lobe volume started in the 50th percentile at age 45 years but showed fastest decline over time compared with other brain structures. Frontal, temporal, parietal, and cerebellar volume already started below the 5th percentile compared with the reference centile curves at age 45 years for C9orf72 pathogenic variant carriers, but there was minimal decline over time until the age of 60 years. DISCUSSION We provide evidence for longitudinal brain atrophy in the presymptomatic stage of genetic FTD. The affected brain areas and the age after which atrophy rates start to accelerate and diverge from normal aging slopes differed between gene groups. These results highlight the value of normative volumetry software for disease tracking and staging biomarkers in genetic FTD. These techniques could help in identifying the optimal time window for starting treatment and monitoring treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie M Poos
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leonie D M Grandpierre
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L van der Ende
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica L Panman
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janne M Papma
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harro Seelaar
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther van den Berg
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald van 't Klooster
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Bron
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Steketee
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - John van Swieten
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lize C Jiskoot
- From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC (Jackie M. Poos, L.D.M.G., E.L.E., J.L.P., Janne M. Papma, H.S., Esther van den Berg, J.S., L.C.J.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center; Quantib B.V. (R.K.), Rotterdam; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Esther Bron, R.S., M.W.V.) and Epidemiology (M.W.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (Y.A.L.P.), Alzheimer Center, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center; Institute of Psychology (S.A.R.B.R.) and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University, The Netherlands; and Dementia Research Centre (L.C.J.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
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