1
|
Khedr LH, Rahmo RM, Eldemerdash OM, Helmy EM, Ramzy FA, Lotfy GH, Zakaria HA, Gad MM, Youhanna MM, Samaan MH, Thabet NW, Ghazal RH, Rabie MA. Implication of M2 macrophage on NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in mediating the neuroprotective effect of Canagliflozin against methotrexate-induced cognitive impairment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111709. [PMID: 38377857 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic antimetabolite, has been linked to cognitive impairment in cancer patients. MTX-induced metabolic pathway disruption may result in decreased antioxidant activity and increased oxidative stress, influencing hippocampal neurogenesis and microglial activation. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an oxidative stress byproduct, has been linked to MTX toxicity via the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Macrophage activation and polarization plays an important role in tissue injury. This differentiation may be mediated via either the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) or NLRP3 inflammasome. Interestingly, Canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor has been recently reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage polarization balance. This study aimed to investigate CANA's protective effect against MTX-induced cognitive impairment, highlighting the possible involvement of TLR4/ NF-κB crosstalk with NLRP3 inflammasome activation and macrophage polarization. Forty-eight Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups; (1) received saline orally for 30 days and intravenously on days 8 and 15. (2) received Canagliflozin (CANA; 20 mg/kg/day; p.o.) for 30 days. (3) received MTX (75 mg/kg, i.v.) on day 8 and 15, then they were injected with four i.p. injections of leucovorin (LCV): the first dose was 6 mg/ kg after 18 h, and the remaining doses were 3 mg/kg after 26, 42, and 50 h of MTX administration. (4) received MTX and LCV as in group 3 in addition to CANA as in group 2. MTX-treated rats showed cognitive deficits in spatial and learning memory as evidenced in the novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests. MTX exerted an oxidative effect which was evident by the increase in MDA and decline in SOD, GSH and GPx. Moreover, it exerted an inflammatory effect via elevated caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-8. CANA treatment restored cognitive ability, reduced MTX-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via attenuation of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling, and rebalanced macrophage polarization by promoting the M2 phenotype. Hence, targeting molecular mechanisms manipulating macrophage polarization may offer novel neuroprotective strategies for preventing or treating MTX-induced immune modulation and its detrimental sequel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna H Khedr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Omar M Eldemerdash
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Engy M Helmy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Felopateer A Ramzy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - George H Lotfy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Habiba A Zakaria
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Marine M Gad
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Marina M Youhanna
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Manar H Samaan
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Nevert W Thabet
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Reem H Ghazal
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Rabie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khedr LH, Eladawy RM, Nassar NN, Saad MAE. Canagliflozin attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress induced neuroinflammation via modulating AMPK/mTOR autophagic signaling. Neuropharmacology 2023; 223:109293. [PMID: 36272443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Although vast progress has been made to understand the pathogenesis of depression, existing antidepressant remedies, with several adverse effects, are not fully adequate. Interestingly, new emerging theories implicating an altered HPA-axis, tryptophan metabolism, neuroinflammation and altered gut integrity were proposed to further identify novel therapeutic targets. Along these lines, canagliflozin (CAN), a novel antidiabetic medication with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity may present an effective treatment for depression; nevertheless, no studies have explored its effect on depressive disorder yet. To this end, this study aimed to investigate the possible antidepressant activity of CAN in CUMS and the mechanisms underlying its action on the gut-brain inflammation axis as well as the alteration in the TRY/KYN pathway in addition to its role in modulating the autophagic signaling cascade. Interestingly, CAN successfully attenuated the CUMS-induced elevations in despair and anhedonic behaviors as well as the elevated serum CORT. Furthermore, it enhanced gut integrity via hampering the CUMS-induced colonic inflammation and amending colonic tight junction proteins. The enhanced gut integrity was further corroborated by a notable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity manifested via the observed mitigation of immune cell activation in addition to IDO hippocampal protein content and promotion of the autophagy cascade. Our findings postulate the possible anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of CAN and the implication of TRY/KYN and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways in the CUMS-induced MDD. Hence, this study shed light to the promising role of CAN in the augmentation of the current antidepressant treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna H Khedr
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem M Eladawy
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, EL-Arish, Egypt
| | - Noha N Nassar
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad A E Saad
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, 4184, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Magdoub HM, Schaalan MF, Rahmo RM, Farag DB, Khedr LH. Implications of miRNAs on TGF-β/TAK1/mTOR pathway in mediating the renoprotective effects of pentoxifylline against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 404:115184. [PMID: 32777238 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CIS)-mediated nephrotoxicity is induced via transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and TGF-β-activated kinase (TAK1). TGF-β and TAK1 are known to interact with microRNA-let-7b and microRNA-26b, respectively. Additionally, TGF-β1 is reported to down-regulate the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II) through upregulation of microRNA-34a. Pentoxifylline (PTX) anti-inflammatory effects are mediated via suppressing TGF-β and regulating mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The current study aimed to investigate the involvement of microRNAs let-7b, 26b, and 34a, and the modulating impact of PTX on CIS-induced nephrotoxicity. Moreover, we aimed at examining the ability of PTX to interact with TGF-β receptor-1 (TGFβR-1), and TAK1, and examine its ability to downgrade the previously reported toxicities. Hence, the expression of the aforementioned microRNAs, and protein levels of TGFβR-1, TGF-β1, TAK1, mTOR, LC3-II, and NF-κB were assessed. Molecular docking studies of PTX on TGFβR-1 and TAK1 were also executed. CIS induced TGF-β1, with down-regulation of microRNA-let-7b and -26b, and up-regulation of microRNA-34a. TGFβR-1, TAK1, and mTOR levels were increased, while LC3-II level was decreased. PTX significantly protected renal cells against CIS-induced changes as indicated by reverting the level of the investigated parameters, while exhibiting an antagonistic effect on TGFβR-1 and TAK1. Our results postulate a possible role of epigenetic regulation of CIS-induced nephrotoxicity through the investigated microRNAs proposing them as potential future targets for controlling this serious toxicity. PTX was able to shield CIS-induced toxicity possibly through blocking TGF-β pathway, while promoting autophagy in a TAK1 independent manner with the involvement of the examined microRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hekmat M El Magdoub
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona F Schaalan
- Pharmacy Practice & Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Doaa B Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lobna H Khedr
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khedr LH, Rahmo RM, Farag DB, Schaalan MF, El Magdoub HM. Crocin attenuates cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity via TLR4/NF-κBp50 signaling and BAMBI modulation of TGF-β activity: Involvement of miRNA-9 and miRNA-29. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 140:111307. [PMID: 32259551 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
TLR4-induced mitigation of the BMP down-regulation and activin membrane bound inhibitor (BAMBI) and the consequent enhancement of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) profibrogenic signaling has not yet been studied in cisplatin (CIS)-induced hepatotoxicity. miRNA-9 and29 have been previously reported to modulate TLR4 signaling via either tempering the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B p50 (NF-κB p50) or downregulation of extracellular matrix genes respectively. Hence we aimed to investigate the involvement of TLR4-induced modulation of TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-βR1) signaling as well as the implication of miRNA-9 and 29 in CIS-induced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, we examined the ability of the phytochemical; crocin (CROC); to interact with either TLR4 or TGF-βR1 through a molecular docking study and subsequently explore its capability to attenuate CIS-induced hepatotoxicity. CROC pretreatment ameliorated the CIS-induced enhancement of TLR4 and TGF-β signaling and enhanced the expression of BAMBI, miRNA-9 and 29. Accordingly, it may be assumed that the protective effect of CROC against CIS-induce hepatotoxicity is mediated via the crosstalk of TLR4/NF-κBp50 signaling and BAMBI modulation of TGF-β1 activity in addition to the up-regulation of miRNA-9 and 29. These findings came in alignment with our molecular docking results; emphasizing the molecular antagonistic activity of CROC in both TLR4 and TGF-βR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H Khedr
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Boshra Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona F Schaalan
- Pharmacy Practice & Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Translational and Clinical Research Unit, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hekmat M El Magdoub
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khedr LH, Nassar NN, Rashed L, El-Denshary ED, Abdel-Tawab AM. TLR4 signaling modulation of PGC1-α mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in the LPS-Chronic mild stress model: Effect of fluoxetine and pentoxiyfylline. Life Sci 2019; 239:116869. [PMID: 31678277 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The addition of repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to chronic mild stress was recently proposed in our lab as an alternative model of depression, highlighting the possible interaction between stress and immune-inflammatory pathways in predisposing depression. Given that CMS-induced depressive behavior was previously related to impaired hippocampal energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, our current study aimed to investigate the interplay between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivators-1-alpha (PGC1-α) as a physiological regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in the combined LPS/CMS model. MAIN METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to either LPS (50 μg/kg i.p.) over 2 weeks, CMS protocol for 4 weeks or LPS over 2 weeks followed by 4 weeks of CMS (LPS/CMS). Three additional groups of rats were exposed to LPS/CMS protocol and treated with either pentoxifylline (PTX), fluoxetine (FLX) or a combination of both. Rats were examined for behavioral, neurochemical, gene expression and mitochondrial ultra-structural changes. KEY FINDINGS LPS/CMS increased the expression of TLR4 and its downstream players; MyD88, NFκB and TNF-α along with an escalation in hippocampal-energy metabolism and p-AMPK. Simultaneously LPS/CMS attenuated the expression of PGC1-α/NRF1/Tfam and mt-DNA. The antidepressant (AD) 'FLX', the TNF-α inhibitor 'PTX' and their combination ameliorated the LPS/CMS-induced changes. Interestingly, all the aforementioned changes induced by the LPS/CMS combined model were significantly less than those induced by CMS alone. SIGNIFICANCE Blocking the TLR4/NFκB signaling enhanced the activation of the PGC1-α/NRF1/Tfam and mt-DNA content independent on the activation of the energy-sensing kinase AMPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H Khedr
- Departmment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - N N Nassar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E D El-Denshary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Abdel-Tawab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khedr LH, Nassar NN, El-Denshary ES, Abdel-Tawab AM. Paroxetine ameliorates changes in hippocampal energy metabolism in chronic mild stress-exposed rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015; 11:2887-901. [PMID: 26622178 PMCID: PMC4654549 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s87089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced depression have not been fully outlined. Hence, the current study aimed at testing the link between behavioral changes in chronic mild stress (CMS) model and changes in hippocampal energy metabolism and the role of paroxetine (PAROX) in ameliorating these changes. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: vehicle control, CMS-exposed rats, and CMS-exposed rats receiving PAROX (10 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally). Sucrose preference, open-field, and forced swimming tests were carried out. Corticosterone (CORT) was measured in serum, while adenosine triphosphate and its metabolites, cytosolic cytochrome-c (Cyt-c), caspase-3 (Casp-3), as well as nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) were measured in hippocampal tissue homogenates. CMS-exposed rats showed a decrease in sucrose preference as well as body weight compared to control, which was reversed by PAROX. The latter further ameliorated the CMS-induced elevation of CORT in serum (91.71±1.77 ng/mL vs 124.5±4.44 ng/mL, P<0.001) as well as the changes in adenos-ine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate (3.76±0.02 nmol/mg protein vs 1.07±0.01 nmol/mg protein, P<0.001). Furthermore, PAROX reduced the expression of Cyt-c and Casp-3, as well as restoring NOx levels. This study highlights the role of PAROX in reversing depressive behavior associated with stress-induced apoptosis and changes in hippocampal energy metabolism in the CMS model of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna H Khedr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha N Nassar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M Abdel-Tawab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|