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Chasapoglou S, Kokkoris M, Vlastou R, Diakaki M, Michalopoulou V, Kalamara A, Gkatis G, Stamatopoulos A, Axiotis M, Harissopulos S, Lagoyannis A, Savva MI, Vasilopoulou T, Lederer-Woods C, Patronis N, Kaperoni K. On the accuracy of cross-section measurements of neutron-induced reactions using the activation technique with natural targets: The case of Ge at E n=17.9 MeV. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 203:111077. [PMID: 37925902 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Several cross-section measurements of neutron-induced reactions on Ge found in literature, are performed utilizing natGe targets. The production of the same residual nucleus as the measured one might occur as a result of the unavoidable presence of neighboring isotopes in the same target, acting as a contamination. Corrections must be made based on theoretical calculations and models in order to resolve this problem. The accuracy and limits of a methodology for these "theoretical corrections" are investigated in this work using isotopically enriched targets, which can produce very accurate results without the need for such corrections. Experimental cross-section measurements have been made for the 76Ge(n,2n)75Ge, 72Ge(n,α)69mZn and 72Ge(n,p)72Ga reactions, via the activation technique, with the 27Al(n,α)24Na reaction used as reference, employing both a natGe and isotopically enriched Ge targets. The 3H(d,n)4He (D-T) reaction was used for producing the quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam in the 5.5 MV Tandem Accelerator Laboratory of the National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" in Athens, Greece, at an incident deuteron beam energy of 2.9 MeV. Using HPGe detectors, γ-ray spectroscopy was applied to determine the induced γ-ray activity of the residual nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chasapoglou
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece.
| | - M Kokkoris
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece
| | - R Vlastou
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece
| | - M Diakaki
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece
| | - V Michalopoulou
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Kalamara
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - G Gkatis
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece; CEA/DES/IRESNE/DER/SPRC/LEPh, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - A Stamatopoulos
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece; Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - M Axiotis
- Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - S Harissopulos
- Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - A Lagoyannis
- Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - M I Savva
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - T Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - C Lederer-Woods
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Patronis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - K Kaperoni
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15772, Greece
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Vlastou R, Kalamara A, Gkatis G, Stamatopoulos A, Kokkoris M, Chasapoglou S, Axiotis M, Lagoyannis A. Isomeric cross section study of neutron induced reactions on Ge isotopes. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023901028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross sections for the70,76Ge(n,2n),72,73Ge(n,p) and72,74Ge(n,α) reactions have been measured at the 5.5 MV tandem T11/25 Accelerator Laboratory of NCSR Demokritos, using the activation technique. Neutron beams have been produced in the ~16-20 MeV energy region, by means of the3H(d,n)4He reaction. The maximum flux has been determined to be of the order of 105n/cm2s, while the flux variation of the neutron beam was monitored by using a BF3 detector. The cross section has been deduced with respect to the27Al(n,α)24Na and93Nb(n,2n)92mNb reference reactions. The contaminations from reactions induced on neighboring Ge isotopes and leading to the same residual nucleus, have been taken into account. After the end of the irradiations, the activity induced by the neutron beams at the targets and reference foils, has been measured by HPGe detectors. Statistical model calculations using the EMPIRE code were performed on the data measured in this work as well as on data reported in literature.
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Vlastou R, Kalamara A, Kokkoris M, Patronis N, Serris M, Georgoulakis M, Hassapoglou S, Kobothanasis K, Axiotis M, Lagoyannis A. Study of (n,2n) reaction on 191,193Ir isotopes and isomeric cross section ratios. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714611013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tsinganis A, Kokkoris M, Vlastou R, Kalamara A, Stamatopoulos A, Kanellakopoulos A, Lagoyannis A, Axiotis M. Neutron-induced fission cross-section measurement of 234U with quasi-monoenergetic beams in the keV and MeV range using micromegas detectors. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714604035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kalamara A, Vlastou R, Kokkoris M, Diakaki M, Serris M, Patronis N, Axiotis M, Lagoyannis A. Cross section of the 197Au(n,2n) 196Au reaction. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714611048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Singh V, Ackermann D, Antalic S, Axiotis M, Bazzacco D, Corradi L, De Angelis G, Farnea E, Gadea A, Heßberger F, Itkis M, Kniajeva G, Kozulin E, Martinez T, Marginean N, Menegazzo R, Montagnoli G, Napoli D, Oganessian YT, Ruan M, Sagaidak R, Scarlassara F, Stefanini A, Szilner S, Ur C. Spin distribution measurement for 64Ni + 100Mo at near and above barrier energies. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158600053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Paneta V, Axiotis M, Gastis P, Kokkoris M, Kontos A, Lagoyannis A, Mayer M, Misaelides P, Perdikakis G, Vlastou R. Determination and theoretical analysis of the differential cross sections of the 2H(d,p) reaction at energies and detection angles suitable for NRA (Nuclear Reaction Analysis). EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146610009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Petkov P, Yavahchova M, Möller O, Dewald A, Saha B, Fitzler A, Jessen K, Tonev D, Klug T, Heinze S, Jolie J, von Brentano P, Goutev N, Bazzacco D, Ur CA, Farnea CA, Axiotis M, Lunardi S, de Angelis G, Napoli DR, Marginean N, Martinez T, Caprio MA. Low-lying bands with different quadrupole deformation in 155Dy. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146602082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gadea A, Lenzi SM, Lunardi S, Mărginean N, Zuker AP, de Angelis G, Axiotis M, Martínez T, Napoli DR, Farnea E, Menegazzo R, Pavan P, Ur CA, Bazzacco D, Venturelli R, Kleinheinz P, Bednarczyk P, Curien D, Dorvaux O, Nyberg J, Grawe H, Górska M, Palacz M, Lagergren K, Milechina L, Ekman J, Rudolph D, Andreoiu C, Bentley MA, Gelletly W, Rubio B, Algora A, Nacher E, Caballero L, Trotta M, Moszyński M. Observation of 54Ni: cross-conjugate symmetry in f7/2 mirror energy differences. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:152501. [PMID: 17155324 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.152501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Gamma decays from excited states up to Jpi=6+ in the N=Z-2 nucleus 54Ni have been identified for the first time. Level energies are compared with those of the isobars 54Co and 54Fe and of the cross-conjugate nuclei of mass A=42. The good but puzzling f7/ cross-conjugate symmetry in mirror and triplet energy differences is analyzed. Shell model calculations reproduce the new data but the necessary nuclear charge-dependent phenomenology is not fully explained by modern nucleon-nucleon potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gadea
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Italy
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du Rietz R, Ekman J, Rudolph D, Fahlander C, Dewald A, Möller O, Saha B, Axiotis M, Bentley MA, Chandler C, de Angelis G, Della Vedova F, Gadea A, Hammond G, Lenzi SM, Mărginean N, Napoli DR, Nespolo M, Rusu C, Tonev D. Effective charges in the fp shell. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:222501. [PMID: 15601084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.222501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Following the heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction 32S+24Mg at 95 MeV beam energy the lifetimes of analogue states in the T(z)=+/-1/2 A=51 mirror nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn have been measured using the Cologne plunger device coupled to the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer. The deduced B(E2;27/2(-)-->23/2(-)) values afford a unique opportunity to probe isoscalar and isovector polarization charges and to derive effective proton and neutron charges, epsilon(p) and epsilon(n), in the fp shell. A comparison between the experimental results and several different large-scale shell-model calculations yields epsilon(p) approximately 1.15e and epsilon(n) approximately 0.80e.
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Affiliation(s)
- R du Rietz
- Department of Physics, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Ekman J, Rudolph D, Fahlander C, Zuker AP, Bentley MA, Lenzi SM, Andreoiu C, Axiotis M, de Angelis G, Farnea E, Gadea A, Kröll T, Mărginean N, Martinez T, Mineva MN, Rossi-Alvarez C, Ur CA. Unusual isospin-breaking and isospin-mixing effects in the A=35 mirror nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:132502. [PMID: 15089598 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.132502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Excited states have been studied in 35Ar following the 16O(24Mg,1alpha1n)35Ar fusion-evaporation reaction at 60 MeV using the Ge-detector array GASP. A comparison with the mirror nucleus 35Cl shows two remarkable features: (i) A surprisingly large energy difference for the 13/2(-) states, in which the hitherto overlooked electromagnetic spin-orbit term is shown to play a major role, and (ii) a very different decay pattern for the 7/2(-) states, which provides direct evidence of isospin mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ekman
- Department of Physics, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Lenzi SM, Mărginean N, Napoli DR, Ur CA, Zuker AP, de Angelis G, Algora A, Axiotis M, Bazzacco D, Belcari N, Bentley MA, Bizzeti PG, Bizzeti-Sona A, Brandolini F, von Brentano P, Bucurescu D, Cameron JA, Chandler C, De Poli M, Dewald A, Eberth H, Farnea E, Gadea A, Garces-Narro J, Gelletly W, Grawe H, Isocrate R, Joss DT, Kalfas CA, Klug T, Lampman T, Lunardi S, Martínez T, Martínez-Pinedo G, Menegazzo R, Nyberg J, Podolyak Z, Poves A, Ribas RV, Rossi Alvarez C, Rubio B, Sánchez-Solano J, Spolaore P, Steinhardt T, Thelen O, Tonev D, Vitturi A, von Oertzen W, Weiszflog M. Coulomb energy differences in t = 1 mirror rotational bands in (50)Fe and (50)Cr. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:122501. [PMID: 11580500 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gamma rays from the N = Z-2 nucleus (50)Fe have been observed, establishing the rotational ground state band up to the state J(pi) = 11+ at 6.994 MeV excitation energy. The experimental Coulomb energy differences, obtained by comparison with the isobaric analog states in its mirror (50)Cr, confirm the qualitative interpretation of the backbending patterns in terms of successive alignments of proton and neutron pairs. A quantitative agreement with experiment has been achieved by exact shell model calculations, incorporating the differences in radii along the yrast bands, and properly renormalizing the Coulomb matrix elements in the pf model space.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Padua, Italy
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