Is testicular fixation to the scrotum necessary in patients with undescended testis? A comparative study

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the outcome of undescended testicle patients with and without transparenchymal sutures.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients were divided into two distinct groups for evaluation: Group 1 (Testicular Fixation +): this group comprised 41 patients who underwent a procedure that involved testicular fixation. Group 2 (Testicular Fixation -): this group included 47 patients who had not undergone any testicular fixation.

RESULTS

The age difference between these groups was not statistically meaningful (p>0.05). As for the presence of hypospadias, 2 patients (4.8%) in Group 1 and 3 patients (6.4%) in Group 2 were affected, showing no significant difference (p>0.05). Post-surgical local infection was evident in 9.8% of Group 1 and 8.5% of Group 2 patients, showcasing no significant difference (p>0.05). When assessing recurrence, both groups bore almost identical rates, 7.3% for Group 1 and 6.4% for Group 2 (p>0.05). Atrophy was observed in 2.4% of Group 1 and 2.1% of Group 2, with no marked distinction (p>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Both groups exhibited similar outcomes, suggesting that no fixation method was also a good option.

Protective effects of Silymarin on testicular torsion/detorsion in rats

OBJECTIVE

The present research aimed to study the possible protective effects of Silymarin on testicular I/R injury in a rat model evaluated through histopathology and biochemical parameters.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This research investigated the impact of Silymarin on IR damage in male Wistar albino rats. Animals were divided into three groups: group 1 (sham), group 2 (IR), and group 3 (IR+Silymarin).

RESULTS

There were no notable differences in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH) across the three groups (p=0.260, p=0.486 and p=0.803, respectively). Contrarily, the total antioxidant status (TAS) levels exhibited significant variations between groups (p=0.001). The total oxidant status (TOS) levels also differed significantly between groups (p=0.004). The tissue evaluations uncovered substantial differences in the Johnson score, which is used to gauge testicular damage. A distinct contrast was seen between Group 1 and Group 2, and also between Group 2 and Group 3, with an all-encompassing p-value lower than 0.01. The same significant disparities were found for the percentages of Bax and Annexin V immunostaining (p<0.01 for each), reflecting the inflammation and apoptosis brought about by ischemia-reperfusion and the protective effects of the treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

The outcomes of the current investigation showed that Silymarin could be a valuable agent for reducing testicular tissue damage following I/R injury.

The cause of depression in adolescence: peer bullying

OBJECTIVE

Depression affects adolescents worldwide and often predicts more serious disease manifestations in later lifetimes. Peer victimization or bullying, another form of child abuse, increases symptoms of depression. In this paper, the relationship between peer bullying and depression in adolescence was investigated.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Each adolescent who was admitted to the adolescent unit completed forms referred to as the 'Depression Scale For Children' and the 'Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale'. Sociodemographic features and results of the scales' evaluation were studied. SPSS 16.0 program was used for statistical analysis. The p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

239 adolescents, 120 of whom were male, were investigated. A positive relationship was determined among total and sub-scale scores of peer victimization-determining scale and depression scale scores. A negative relationship was determined between height, weight, age of the child, and sub-scale score of threat/intimidation. Both the total score of the peer victimization-determining scale and sub-scale scores of ridicule, open attack, and relational attack pertaining to patients with depression proved to be significantly higher than in those without depression.

CONCLUSIONS

The awareness of educators and parents, notably adolescents, must be raised in regard to peer victimization, and activities for increasing the communicative skills of adolescents and for allowing them to be able to express their emotions should also be performed. Identifying and preventing peer victimization, one of the causes of depression, and launching the treatment process for this are the first steps to be taken in terms of a healthy adulthood.