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Fabri ND, Santman-Berends IMGA, Weber MF, van Schaik G. Risk factors for the introduction of Salmonella spp. serogroups B and D into Dutch dairy herds. Prev Vet Med 2024; 232:106313. [PMID: 39180947 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella spp. infections in animals are a concern due to their zoonotic nature, welfare effects and economic impact on the livestock industry. To enable targeted surveillance, it is important to identify risk factors for the introduction of Salmonella spp. in a herd. Since 2009, Dutch dairy processors require herds delivering milk to their plants to participate in a Salmonella programme. In this programme, bulk milk is tested three times a year (i.e. test rounds) by ELISA on presence of antibodies against Salmonella spp. serogroups B and D. Based on these bulk milk results we identified newly infected herds, and aimed to identify associated risk factors. Effects of putative risk factors for becoming newly infected were studied using a multivariable population average logistic regression (PA-GEE) model with binomial distribution. Per test round in 2019-2021, 0.85-4.10 % of the Dutch dairy herds at risk became newly infected, with large regional differences. Several risk factors for becoming newly infected in the context of the low herd-level prevalence were identified. The most evident risk factors that were identified were having at least one infected or recently recovered dairy herd within 500 m (OR = 2.67), on-farm presence of pigs (OR = 1.63), introduction of more than 2 cattle from other herds in the previous 12 months (OR = 1.17), being in an area with a relative soil moisture of >0.54 % (OR = 1.31), being located in an area with a high water surface area (>2 %; OR = 1.14) and a larger herd size (OR = 1.65). These results indicate that, in addition to introduction of cattle, local transmission plays an important role in the between-herd transmission of Salmonella spp. Information on risk factors for becoming newly infected based on regularly collected data, can be used to improve surveillance and to implement targeted control measures against salmonellosis.
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Santman-Berends IMGA, Mars MH, Weber MF, van Duijn L, Waldeck HWF, Biesheuvel MM, van den Brink KMJA, Dijkstra T, Hodnik JJ, Strain SAJ, de Roo A, Veldhuis AMB, van Schaik G. Corrigendum: Control and Eradication Programs for Six Cattle Diseases in the Netherlands. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:817576. [PMID: 34957289 PMCID: PMC8693019 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.817576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Santman-Berends IMGA, Mars MH, Weber MF, van Duijn L, Waldeck HWF, Biesheuvel MM, van den Brink KMJA, Dijkstra T, Hodnik JJ, Strain SAJ, de Roo A, Veldhuis AMB, van Schaik G. Control and Eradication Programs for Six Cattle Diseases in the Netherlands. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:670419. [PMID: 34490388 PMCID: PMC8418201 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.670419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the European Union, infectious cattle diseases are categorized in the Animal Health Law. No strict EU regulations exist for control, evidence of disease freedom, and surveillance of diseases listed other than categories A and B. Consequently, EU member states follow their own varying strategies for disease control. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the control and eradication programs (CPs) for six cattle diseases in the Netherlands between 2009 and 2019 and to highlight characteristics specific to the Dutch situation. All of these diseases were listed as C,D or E in the New Animal Health Law. In the Netherlands, CPs are in place for six endemic cattle diseases: bovine viral diarrhea, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, salmonellosis, paratuberculosis, leptospirosis, and neosporosis. These CPs have been tailored to the specific situation in the Netherlands: a country with a high cattle density, a high rate of animal movements, a strong dependence on export of dairy products, and a high-quality data-infrastructure. The latter specifically applies to the dairy sector, which is the leading cattle sector in the Netherlands. When a herd enters a CP, generally the within-herd prevalence of infection is estimated in an initial assessment. The outcome creates awareness of the infection status of a herd and also provides an indication of the costs and time to achieve the preferred herd status. Subsequently, the herd enrolls in the control phase of the CP to, if present, eliminate the infection from a herd and a surveillance phase to substantiate the free or low prevalence status over time. The high-quality data infrastructure that results in complete and centrally registered census data on cattle movements provides the opportunity to design CPs while minimizing administrative efforts for the farmer. In the CPs, mostly routinely collected samples are used for surveillance. Where possible, requests for proof of the herd status are sent automatically. Automated detection of risk factors for introduction of new animals originating from a herd without the preferred herd status i.e., free or unsuspected, is in place using centrally registered data. The presented overview may inspire countries that want to develop cost-effective CPs for endemic diseases that are not (yet) regulated at EU level.
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Barkema HW, Orsel K, Nielsen SS, Koets AP, Rutten VPMG, Bannantine JP, Keefe GP, Kelton DF, Wells SJ, Whittington RJ, Mackintosh CG, Manning EJ, Weber MF, Heuer C, Forde TL, Ritter C, Roche S, Corbett CS, Wolf R, Griebel PJ, Kastelic JP, De Buck J. Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65 Suppl 1:125-148. [PMID: 28941207 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, many regional and country-wide control programmes for Johne's disease (JD) were developed due to associated economic losses, or because of a possible association with Crohn's disease. These control programmes were often not successful, partly because management protocols were not followed, including the introduction of infected replacement cattle, because tests to identify infected animals were unreliable, and uptake by farmers was not high enough because of a perceived low return on investment. In the absence of a cure or effective commercial vaccines, control of JD is currently primarily based on herd management strategies to avoid infection of cattle and restrict within-farm and farm-to-farm transmission. Although JD control programmes have been implemented in most developed countries, lessons learned from JD prevention and control programmes are underreported. Also, JD control programmes are typically evaluated in a limited number of herds and the duration of the study is less than 5 year, making it difficult to adequately assess the efficacy of control programmes. In this manuscript, we identify the most important gaps in knowledge hampering JD prevention and control programmes, including vaccination and diagnostics. Secondly, we discuss directions that research should take to address those knowledge gaps.
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Marcé C, Ezanno P, Weber MF, Seegers H, Pfeiffer DU, Fourichon C. Invited review: modeling within-herd transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle: a review. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:4455-70. [PMID: 20854979 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological models have been developed to test hypotheses on Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map) transmission in a herd, and to compare different paratuberculosis control strategies and alternatives for certification-and-surveillance schemes. The models are simplified representations of existing biological processes tailored to the questions they are intended to answer. Such models depend on available knowledge about the underlying processes, notably in relation to pathogen transmission. All decisions relating to integration of specific aspects of the herd structure and transmission mechanisms as well as modeling objective will influence model behavior and simulation results. This paper examines assumptions on pathogen transmission and risk mitigation represented in 8 epidemiological models of within-herd Map transmission in dairy cattle. We describe available models' structure and examine them in the context of current knowledge about host infection and pathogen transmission pathways. We investigate how population structure and herd management are modeled with regard to their influence on contact structure and pathogen transmission. We show that assumptions about routes of transmission and their contribution within a herd vary greatly among models. Gaps of knowledge that are pivotal to defining transmission equations and parameters, such as variation of susceptibility with age and variability of pattern of shedding, are identified. Quantitative estimates of this incomplete information should be targeted by future research. Existing models could be improved by considering indirect transmission via the environment taking account of Map survival and contact structure between animals in a herd, and by including calf-to-calf transmission, which has recently been proven as being important.
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Weber MF, Verhoeff J, van Schaik G, van Maanen C. Evaluation of Ziehl-Neelsen stained faecal smear and ELISA as tools for surveillance of clinical paratuberculosis in cattle in the Netherlands. Prev Vet Med 2009; 92:256-66. [PMID: 19762098 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Testing cattle suspected of clinical paratuberculosis is an important element of surveillance of paratuberculosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic-test characteristics of microscopic examination of Ziehl-Neelsen stained faecal smears for acid-fast Mycobacteria (ZN-test) and serum-ELISA in cattle suspected of clinical paratuberculosis in the Netherlands. Results of all samples submitted for ZN-test and serum-ELISA between April 2003 and April 2006 to our laboratory were retrieved. Results from cattle for which both tests were performed were analysed using two Bayesian latent-class models for evaluation of diagnostic tests in two populations without a gold standard, assuming (a) conditional independence of tests, or (b) conditional dependence of tests in both infected and non-infected cattle. Sampled cattle were divided into two populations in different ways using four known risk factors for clinical paratuberculosis: region, soil type, clinical signs, and age. For 892 cattle suspected of clinical paratuberculosis, both ZN-test and serum-ELISA results were retrieved: 250 ZN-positive and ELISA-positive, 12 ZN-positive and ELISA-negative, 260 ZN-negative and ELISA-positive, and 370 ZN-negative and ELISA-negative cattle. With priors based on the available literature, the posterior estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the ELISA were always higher than those of the ZN-test. Furthermore, lower limits of the 95% credibility intervals of the posterior positive predictive values of the ELISA were >or=99.7%, and of the negative predictive values of the ELISA >or=56.4%. We conclude that the ELISA is preferred to the ZN-test to confirm the presumptive diagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis in the Netherlands. Little diagnostic information can be gained by performing the ZN-test in addition to the ELISA.
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Weber MF, van Roermund HJW, Vernooij JCM, Kalis CHJ, Stegeman JA. Cattle transfers between herds under paratuberculosis surveillance in The Netherlands are not random. Prev Vet Med 2006; 76:222-36. [PMID: 16787676 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The rate and structure of cattle transfers between 206 Dutch cattle herds with a 'Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map)-free' status by November 2002, were analyzed over a 3-year period (November 1999-November 2002). Of the 206 'Map-free' herds, 184 were closed herds during the period studied. In total, 280 cattle had been introduced into 22 herds at an average rate of 0.33 animals per year per 100 cattle present in the 206 herds. Assuming a random herd-contact structure, the observed rate of cattle transfers between certified 'Map-free' herds was sufficiently low to relax the surveillance scheme to biennial herd examinations by pooled fecal culture of all cattle > or =2 years of age. The cattle transfers were not randomly distributed over the herds. Forty-four of the 280 cattle originated from 12 other 'Map-free' herds. The other 236 cattle did not originate from a 'Map-free' herd and were introduced into a herd before it obtained the 'Map-free' status. No cattle were introduced into any of the 'Map-free' herds from which cattle were transferred to other 'Map-free' herds. Thus, continued propagation of the infection by cattle transfers was impossible in the group of herds studied during the study period. Therefore the surveillance scheme may be further relaxed, and may be differentiated regarding the risk herds pose to other herds.
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Reinders RD, Weber MF, Lipman LJ, Verhoeff J, Bijker PG. Control of VTEC in Dutch livestock and meat production. Int J Food Microbiol 2001; 66:79-83. [PMID: 11407551 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Dutch government and the meat industry, recognising VTEC as having important public health, meat quality and economic implications, have taken a number of initiatives within the last 5 years to control VTEC in livestock and meat. These initiatives, brought together last year in a 'Masterplan VTEC', include short-, middle- and long-term priorities. Short-term priorities include advice on interventions in the cases of an outbreak of VTEC associated with a cattle herd, the implementation of handbooks for Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in slaughterhouses and deboning plants, and the execution of an action programme on zero-tolerance to faecal contamination of carcasses. Mid-term activities include surveillance of the occurrence of VTEC and other enteropathogens in livestock and meat, and the investigations of VTEC population dynamics in dairy farms, transportation and farm hygiene. In the longer term, this programme aims to produce a system of Integrated Quality Assurance, consolidating effective measures to control VTEC in Dutch livestock and meat, and integrating emerging means for control and prevention.
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Weber MF, Verhoeff J. [Integrated disease control in dairy herds. A case study from the veterinarians' viewpoint]. TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR DIERGENEESKUNDE 2001; 126:340-5. [PMID: 11392987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Integrated control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo subtype hardjobovis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and Salmonella dublin in dairy herds may provide economic benefits superior to those obtained by sequential disease control, because, among other things, it allows optimization of voluntary culling. However, in practice there are no adequate instruments to establish priorities in voluntary culling. Therefore, in this study the priorities in decision-making for voluntary culling of infected cattle, as indicated by more than 300 cattle veterinarians, were analysed. Based on our results and supplementary considerations, the priorities for voluntary culling in the Netherlands can be ranked as: 1st. cull S. dublin carriers, 2nd. cull persistently infected BVDV carriers, 3rd. cull paratuberculosis faecal culture positive cattle and their last offspring, 4th. cull, in paratuberculosis infected herds, paratuberculosis ELISA positive cattle and their last offspring and cull, in low prevalence herds, BHV1 gE-positive cattle, and 5th. cull leptospirosis seropositive cattle. Since this ranking was based on one case study only, other priorities may prevail in other herds.
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Weber MF, Verhoeff J, Holzhauer M, Bartels CJ, van Wuijckhuise L, Vellema P. [Vitamin B12 supplementation and milk production on farms with 'chronic wasting' cattle]. TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR DIERGENEESKUNDE 2001; 126:218-23. [PMID: 11285643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
From early 1999 onwards, cattle health problems accompanied by chronic wasting of unknown aetiology were reported on a number of dairy farms. An association between these health problems and the compulsory use of gE-negative marker vaccines against bovine herpesvirus 1 was presumed by farmers. On one dairy farm an increased milk production of 50% was reported within a few days after parenteral vitamin B12 treatment. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine the effect of parenteral vitamin B12 treatment on the milk production of dairy herds with wasting cattle. A randomized blind trial was performed in five problem herds and two control herds. On each farm five lactating cows were injected intramuscularly with 20 mg vitamin B12 and paired with five untreated lactating cows. The milk production of treated and untreated animals was measured for 19 days following treatment and compared to pre-treatment production. No effect of vitamin B12 treatment on milk production was established on either problem farms or control farms. Neither was a difference detected in the response to vitamin B12 treatment between problem herds and control herds. In a second experiment, parenteral vitamin B12 treatment was applied in three problem herds by local veterinary practitioners. The results of this experiment were in line with the results of the first experiment.
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Weber MF, Verhoeff J. [Prevalence of chronic wasting in Dutch dairy herds with a history of chronic health problems]. TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR DIERGENEESKUNDE 2001; 126:180-3. [PMID: 11285636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic wasting in cattle in March and April 2000 was studied on 218 dairy farms with a history of health problems accompanied by wasting, following reports in the media suggesting that chronic wasting was a substantial problem on Dutch dairy farms. A telephone call revealed that the health problems had resolved on 41 farms; 16 of these farms had culled all cattle. Two farmers refused co-operation. On the remaining 175 farms the animals were inspected and was completed a questionnaire. A high percentage of culling for of health reasons (on average 18.1% of young stock and adult cattle) and an increased mortality rate (4.8%) were reported on the farms visited. In only two of the 175 inspected herds, more than 20 percent of cattle were found showing signs of wasting. These two herds were identified as 'chronic wasting herds'. The prevalence of such herds was low in this study. Consequently, it is likely that there were very few 'chronic wasting herds' among the whole Dutch dairy population in March/April 2000.
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Barkema HW, Bartels CJ, van Wuijckhuise L, Hesselink JW, Holzhauer M, Weber MF, Franken P, Kock PA, Bruschke CJ, Zimmer GM. [Outbreak of bovine virus diarrhea on Dutch dairy farms induced by a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine contaminated with bovine virus diarrhea virus type 2]. TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR DIERGENEESKUNDE 2001; 126:158-65. [PMID: 11285633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
On 23 February 1999, the Dutch Animal Health Service advised all Dutch veterinary practices to postpone vaccination against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) immediately. The day before severe disease problems were diagnosed on four dairy farms after vaccination with the same batch of BHV1 marker vaccine. Using monoclonal antibodies, bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) type 2 was found in the vaccine batch. This paper describes an outbreak of BVDV type 2 infection caused by the use of a batch of modified live BHV1 marker vaccine contaminated with BDVD. Sources of information used were reports of farm visits, minutes of meetings, laboratory results, and oral communications from the people involved. The first symptoms of disease were observed on average six days after vaccination. Morbidity was high on 11 of the 12 farms. On five farms more than 70% of the animals became ill, while on one farm no symptoms could be detected. During the first week after vaccination, feed intake and milk production decreased. During the second week, some animals became clinically diseased having nasal discharge, fever, and diarrhoea. At the end of the second week and at the start of the third week, the number of diseased animals increased rapidly, the symptoms became more severe, and some animals died. Mortality varied among herds. Necropsy most often revealed erosions and ulcers of the mucosa of the digestive tract. In addition, degeneration of the liver, hyperaemia of the abomasum, and swollen mesenterial lymph nodes and swollen spleen were found. On 11 of the 12 farms all animals were culled between 32 and 68 days after vaccination after an agreement was reached with the manufacturer of the vaccine. This was the third outbreak of BVD in cattle after administration of a contaminated vaccine in the Netherlands. The possibilities to prevent contamination of a vaccine as a consequence of infection of fetal calf serum with BVDV are discussed. Improvement of controls to prevent contamination before and during vaccine production, and improvement of the monitoring of side-effects is necessary.
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Weber MF, Stover CA, Gilbert LR, Nevitt TJ, Ouderkirk AJ. Giant birefringent optics in multilayer polymer mirrors. Science 2000; 287:2451-6. [PMID: 10741958 DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5462.2451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Multilayer mirrors that maintain or increase their reflectivity with increasing incidence angle can be constructed using polymers that exhibit large birefringence in their indices of refraction. The most important feature of these multilayer interference stacks is the index difference in the thickness direction (z axis) relative to the in-plane directions of the film. This z-axis refractive index difference provides a variable that determines the existence and value of the Brewster's angle at layer interfaces, and it controls both the interfacial Fresnel reflection coefficient and the phase relations that determine the optics of multilayer stacks. These films can yield optical results that are difficult or impossible to achieve with conventional multilayer optical designs. The materials and processes necessary to fabricate such films are amenable to large-scale manufacturing.
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McGregor IS, Arnold JC, Weber MF, Topple AN, Hunt GE. A comparison of delta 9-THC and anandamide induced c-fos expression in the rat forebrain. Brain Res 1998; 802:19-26. [PMID: 9748483 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rats were injected with the cannabinoid receptor agonists delta 9-THC (5 mg/kg) or anandamide (20 mg/kg) and assessed for changes in body temperature and locomotor activity. Their brains were then examined for the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos. Similar reductions in body temperature and locomotor activity were seen with delta 9-THC and anandamide although there was evidence, in line with previous reports, to suggest a shorter duration of action of anandamide. delta 9-THC and anandamide caused equally high levels of c-fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the lateral septum. Both drugs also increased c-fos expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala although the effect was greater with delta 9-THC. Only delta 9-THC caused significant increases in c-fos expression in the nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen. These differences may be linked to differential activation of cannabinoid receptor subtypes or to differences in efficacy in activating second messenger systems linked to cannabinoid receptors. These findings complement evidence of qualitative differences in the actions of anandamide and delta 9-THC emerging from tests of drug discrimination, cross-tolerance, conditioned place preference and anxiety.
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church M, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri M, Fast J, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer K, Govi G, Hahn A, Hasan M, Hsueh S, Lewis R, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska AM, Mandelkern M, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques J, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Passaggio S, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis P, Ray R, Reid J, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen J, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savriè M, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith AJ, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema S, Zhang Y. Observation of the radiative decay J/ psi -->e+e- gamma. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1996; 54:7067-7070. [PMID: 10020715 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.54.7067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Blanford G, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church M, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri M, Fast J, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer K, Govi G, Hahn A, Hasan M, Hsueh S, Lewis R, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska AM, Mandelkern M, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques J, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Passaggio S, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis P, Ray R, Reid J, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen J, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savrré M, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema S. Study of the eta c(1 (1)S0) state of charmonium formed in p-barp annihilations and a search for the eta c'(2 (1)S0). PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 52:4839-4854. [PMID: 10019708 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.52.4839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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von den Driesch P, Weber MF. Are antibodies to neutrophilic cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA) a serologic marker for Sweet's syndrome? J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 29:666. [PMID: 8408813 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(08)81886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church MD, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dibenedetto R, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri MG, Fast JE, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer KE, Hahn AA, Hasan MA, Hsueh SY, Lewis RA, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska AM, Mandelkern MA, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques JL, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis PA, Ray RE, Reid JD, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen JL, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savrié M, Scalisi A, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema SJ. Study of the angular distribution of the reaction p-barp--> chi c2-->J/ psi gamma -->e+e- gamma. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1993; 48:3037-3044. [PMID: 10016557 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.3037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church M, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dibenedetto R, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri M, Fast J, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer K, Hahn A, Hasan MA, Hsueh S, Lewis R, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska AM, Mandelkern M, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques J, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Rapidis PA, Ray R, Reid J, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen J, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savrié M, Scalisi A, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema S, Zhang Y. Measurement of the gamma gamma partial width of the chi 2 charmonium resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:2988-2991. [PMID: 10053747 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.2988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church MD, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dibenedetto R, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri MG, Fast JE, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer KE, Hahn AA, Hasan MA, Hsueh SY, Lewis RA, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska A, Mandelkern MA, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques JL, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis PA, Ray RE, Reid JD, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen JL, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savriè M, Scalisi A, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema SJ. Proton electromagnetic form factors in the timelike region from 8.9 to 13.0 GeV2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:1212-1215. [PMID: 10054319 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church MD, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dibenedetto R, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri MG, Fast JE, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer KE, Hahn AA, Hasan MA, Hsueh SY, Lewis RA, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska A, Mandelkern MA, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques JL, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Passaggio S, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis PA, Ray RE, Reid JD, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen JL, Sarmiento M, Savriè M, Scalisi A, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Tecchio L, Trokenheim S, Weber MF. Measurement of the J/ psi and psi ' resonance parameters in p-barp annihilation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1993; 47:772-783. [PMID: 10015638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.47.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church M, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Dibenedetto R, Dimitroyannis D, Fabbri MG, Fast J, Gianoli A, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer K, Hahn A, Hasan M, Hsueh S, Lewis R, Luppi E, Macrí M, Majewska AM, Mandelkern M, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques J, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis P, Ray R, Reid J, Rinaudo G, Roccuzzo B, Rosen J, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savrie M, Scalisi A, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith A, Smith GA, Sozzi M, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema S. Observation of the 1P1 state of charmonium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:2337-2340. [PMID: 10046459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Armstrong TA, Bettoni D, Bharadwaj V, Biino C, Borreani G, Broemmelsiek D, Buzzo A, Calabrese R, Ceccucci A, Cester R, Church MD, Dalpiaz P, Dalpiaz PF, Fast JE, Ferroni S, Ginsburg CM, Gollwitzer KE, Hahn AA, Hasan MA, Hsueh SY, Lewis RA, Luppi E, Macr M, Majewska A, Mandelkern MA, Marchetto F, Marinelli M, Marques JL, Marsh W, Martini M, Masuzawa M, Menichetti E, Migliori A, Mussa R, Palestini S, Pastrone N, Patrignani C, Peoples J, Pesando L, Petrucci F, Pia MG, Pordes S, Rapidis PA, Ray RE, Reid JD, Rinaudo G, Rosen JL, Santroni A, Sarmiento M, Savrié M, Schultz J, Seth KK, Smith GA, Tecchio L, Tommasini F, Trokenheim S, Weber MF, Werkema SJ, Zhao JL, Zito M. Precision measurements of charmonium states formed in pp-bar annihilation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:1468-1471. [PMID: 10045139 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Weber MF, Andrassy K, Pullig O, Koderisch J, Netzer K. Antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies and antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies in Goodpasture's syndrome and in Wegener's granulomatosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992; 2:1227-34. [PMID: 1317224 DOI: 10.1681/asn.v271227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) diseases-including Goodpasture's (GP) syndrome-and Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) are systemic diseases, which may be diagnosed by means of circulating autoantibodies. Possible overlap syndromes may exist; however, they remain imperfectly defined. We analyzed sera from 31 patients with WG and from 23 patients with anti-GBM disease. All underwent biopsy. Anti-cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); a perinuclear (P-ANCA) or diffuse-cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) staining was discerned. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies (P-ANCA) and protein 3 (SP3) antibodies (C-ANCA) were analyzed by specific ELISA systems. Anti-GBM antibodies (anti-NC1 antibodies) were detected by ELISA and immunoblotting; the globular domain NC1 of collagen IV was employed as antigen. All 31 WG patients, as defined by clinical and histological criteria, showed ANCA by IIF. Twenty-nine of 31 showed a C-ANCA pattern; all were also positive for SP3 antibodies by ELISA. Three of 31 WG patients were P-ANCA positive by IIF and also had anti-MPO antibodies by ELISA. In one of these patients, SP3 antibodies were additionally found by IIF and by ELISA (double positive). No patient with WG had anti-NC1 antibodies. All 23 serum samples from patients with GP syndrome (N = 19) or anti-GBM glomerulonephritis (N = 4) had anti-NC1 antibodies. In seven of these patients, low titers of anti-MPO antibodies were detected by ELISA; however, the IIF for ANCA was negative. None of these seven patients had extraglomerular vasculities. In addition, the clinical prognosis of these patients was similar to that of those patients who lacked these antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Tepper JS, Wiester MJ, Weber MF, Fitzgerald S, Costa DL. Chronic exposure to a simulated urban profile of ozone alters ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide challenge in rats. FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF TOXICOLOGY 1991; 17:52-60. [PMID: 1916079 DOI: 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed to a simulated urban profile of ozone (O3) (9-hr ramped spike, integrated concentration = 0.19 ppm) for up to 78 weeks. Small, but statistically significant, changes in breathing patterns and mechanics in unanesthetized, restrained rats were observed at Weeks 1, 3, 13, 52, and 78 during postexposure challenge with 0, 4, and 8% carbon dioxide (CO2). The data indicate that O3 exposure caused an overall increase in expiratory resistance (Rc), but particularly at 78 weeks. This increase in Rc most likely accounts for the rats' reduced ability to increase ventilation during CO2 challenge compared to control rats. Reductions in CO2-induced tidal volume increases were observed in all O3-exposed animals during postexposure challenges to 4 and 8% CO2. Cumulatively, over all time points, spontaneous frequency of breathing and CO2-induced hyperventilation were also reduced. The decrease in frequency was dependent on a significant increase in the inspiratory time relative to control without a change in expiratory time. Light microscopic evaluation of the lung did not reveal any lesions associated with O3 exposure at any time point. Although statistically significant effects were detected, the etiology of the above-mentioned functional changes remains speculative. The potential relevance of these data to acute and chronic O3 exposure in humans is also discussed.
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