Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Sinonasal Masses with Histopathological Correlation

Sinonasal mass is the abnormal growth of tissue from nasal cavity and mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. The growth may be benign or malignant. The benign lesion grows slowly and does not metastasize. The malignant lesion grows rapidly and metastasizes early. The aim of this study is to evaluate and diagnose the various types of sinonasal masses with MRI and its correlation with histopathological findings. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out for a period of 02 years, from July 2015 to June 2017. The patients were selected from the ENT outpatient department and from the department Radiology & Imaging of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh who were reported as case of sinonasal masses. Thirty three (33) patients (17 males and 16 females) with sinonasal masses were included after fulfilling exclusion & inclusion criteria which was confirmed by proper clinical examination & were subjected to MRI and histopathological examination. The age range was 11 to 85 years. The nasal cavity was the most commonly involved site with sinonasal malignancies (were 4 cases, 12.12%) followed by the maxillary sinuses (were 2 cases, 6.06%). The least commonly affected site was the frontal sinuses (was 1 case, 3.03%). Histopathological findings shows benign sinonasal tumors were present in 25 cases. The most common benign lesion was sinonasal polyposis 10 cases (30.30%), followed by inverted papilloma 6 cases (18.18%) & juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma 6 cases (18.18%), adenoma 02 cases (6.06%), and one case was rhinosporidiosis (3.03%). Malignant sinonasal tumors were present in 8 cases. Most common malignant tumors were nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 4 cases (12.12%), adenoid cystic carcinoma in 3 cases (9.09%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma was present in 01 case (3.03%). MRI report shows benign masses in 23 cases of which nasopharyngeal polyposis was 10(30.30%), inverted papilloma 6(18.18%), juvenile angiofibroma 4(12.12%), adenoma 02(6.06%) & rhinosporidiosis 1(3.03%). Among 10 malignant tumors nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 6(18.18%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 3(9.09%) & non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1(3.03%). MRI findings of malignant sinonasal masses revealed that sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 40.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) 70% & negative predictive value 66%. Statistically significant association was observed between histopathology & MRI findings, p value was 0.305. Statistically significant association was found between histopathology & MRI findings.

Diagnostic Importance of Platelet in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital

This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2015 to December 2015, included 50 patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome diagnosed on the basis of history, typical anginal type of chest pain, characteristic electrocardiographic changes and increased cardiac biomarkers. Platelet count (PC), Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured using automated hematological analyzer and compared them with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. All platelet parameter indices - platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV) & platelet distribution width (PDW) - were significantly raised in patients with ACS. In patients with ACS the mean values of platelet count, MPV & PDW were 352.2×10⁹/L), 13.9fL & 15.6fL, respectively; while in normal healthy control the mean values of these indices were 256.2×10⁹/L), 8.1fL & 10.5fL, respectively. Statistically significant difference in mean values of these indices was found (p value <0.05). Larger platelets are haemostatically more active and are a risk factor for developing coronary thrombosis and subsequent acute coronary events (myocardial infarction and unstable angina). Patients with larger platelets can easily be identified during routine hematological analysis and could possibly benefit from preventive treatment.

Bis[S-hexyl 3-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)dithiocarbazato-κ2N3,S]palladium(II)

In the title complex, [Pd(C12H17N2S3)2], the PdIIatom exhibits a square-planar coordination geometry with theN,S-chelating ligands arranged in atransconfiguration. Intramolecular C—H...S hydrogen bonds are observed. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C—H...N hydrogen-bond interactions, forming chains parallel to thebaxis.

B-type Natriuretic Peptide Assay in Differentiating Congestive Heart Failure from Lung Disease in Patients Presenting with Dyspnea

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Cardiology & Medicine Department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. After fulfilling the exclusion & inclusion criteria, B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations were measured in a convenience sample of 100 predominantly male (94%) dyspnic patients who got admitted in Cardiology & Medicine Department of Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital from November 2013 to October 2014. The diagnosis of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) was based on generally accepted Framingham criteria with corroborative information including hospital course (response to diuretics, vasodilators, inotropes or hemodynamic monitoring) and results of further cardiac testing, including echocardiography. Patients with right heart failure from cor pulmonale were classified as having CHF. Pulmonary disease was confirmed by using the following diagnostic tools: i) A chest X-ray without signs of heart enlargement or pulmonary venous hypertension or a chest X-ray with signs of chronic obstructive lung disease, ii) Normal heart function as seen by echocardiography, iii) Abnormal pulmonary function tests or follow-up results and iv) A positive response to treatment with steroids, nebulizers or antibiotics in hospital. Patients with CHF (n=50) had mean BNP level 1146.72pg/ml (range 103 to 5000pg/ml), which is significantly higher than the group of patients with a final diagnosis of pulmonary disease (n=50) whose BNP was 34pg/ml (range 10 to 90pg/ml) (p<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that B-type natriuretic peptide is an important biomarker for differentiating congestive heart failure from lung disease in patients presenting with dyspnea.

Bis[S-hexyl (E)-3-(4-methoxybenzylidene)dithiocarbazato-κ2N3,S]palladium(II)

In the title complex, [Pd(C15H21N2OS2)2], the PdIIion is located on a crystallographic inversion center. The two Schiff base ligands in a deprotonated imino thiolate form chelate the metal atomviathe azomithine N and thiolate S atoms in atrans-square-planar configuration as imposed by the crystal symmetry. The complex has an approximately planar geometry with the exception of the hexyl chains; the mean plane of the five-membered chelate ring makes a dihedral angle of 15.43 (5)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, the complex molecules are stacked along theaaxis.

Crystal structure of S-hexyl (E)-3-(2-hy-droxy-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazate

The title compound, C14H20N2OS2 [systematic name: S-hexyl (E)-2-(2-hy-droxy-benzyl-idene)hydrazine-1-carbodi-thio-ate], crystallizes with four independent mol-ecules (A-D) in the asymmetric unit. All four mol-ecules adopt an E conformation with respect to the C=N bond of the benzyl-idene moiety and have an intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond generating an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, the A and D mol-ecules are connected by a pair N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer with an R 2 (2)(8) ring motif. In the case of mol-ecules B and C, they are linked to themselves by pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming B-B and C-C inversion dimers with R 2 (2)(8) ring motifs.

Crystal structure of bis-[μ-S-hexyl 3-(2-oxido-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazato-κ(4) O,N (3),S:O]dicopper(II)

The title compound, [Cu2(C14H18N2OS2)2], is a binuclear copper(II) complex of an oxybenzyl-idenedi-thio-carbazate ligand. The ligand coordinates in a tridentate manner through N-, S- and O-donor atoms. Each O atom also bridges to a second Cu(II) ion to form the binuclear species. It has a central Cu2O2 rhomboid moiety and a metal-to-metal separation of 2.9923 (6) Å. In the crystal, the binuclear complexes stack along the a axis with all the hexyl chains located side-by-side, forming a hydro-phobic region. The complexes are linked via C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c-axis direction. One Cu(II) atom has the S atom of a symmetry-related complex located approximately in the apical position at 2.9740 (11) Å. This weak inter-action links the chains to form slabs parallel to the ac plane.

Crystal structure of bis-{S-hexyl 3-[4-(di-methyl-amino)-benzyl-idene]di-thio-carbazato-κ(2) N (3),S}copper(II)

In the title complex, [Cu(C16H24N3S2)2], the Cu(II) atom is coordinated by two azomethine N and two thiol-ate S atoms of the chelating Schiff base ligands, resulting in a distorted square-planar coordination environment. The S-Cu-N chelating angle is of 84.41 (5)°. The Cu(II) atom is located on a crystallographic inversion centre, leading to a trans configuration of the N,S-chelating ligands.

Crystal structure of S-octyl (E)-3-(4-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazate

As already observed in similar mol-ecules, the di-thio-carbazate group in the title compound, C17H26N2OS2, adopts an EE configuration with respect to the C=N bond of the benzyl-idene moiety. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected into inversion dimers by pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds. The dimers are linked by weak π-π inter-actions, with centroid-to-centroid distances of 3.723 (11) Å, forming chains parallel to [110].

Crystal structure of S-hexyl (E)-3-(4-methoxy-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazate

In the title compound, C15H22N2OS2, the di-thio-carbazate group adopts an EE conformation with respect to the C=N bond of the benzyl-idene moiety. The hexyl side chain adopts an extended conformation and the C-S-C-C torsion angle is -93.36 (13)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds generate R 2 (2)(8) loops.

Crystal structure of bis-[S-hexyl 3-(4-methyl-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazato-κ(2) N (3),S]nickel(II)

In the title complex, [Ni(C15H21N2S2)2], the Ni(II) atom exhibits a square-planar coordination geometry and is located on an inversion centre leading to a trans configuration of the N,S-chelating ligands. In the crystal, the complex mol-ecules stack at a distance of 4.6738 (3) Å along the a axis, which exclude any significant inter-actions between the aromatic rings.

Crystal structure of S-hexyl (E)-3-(4-methyl-benzyl-idene)di-thio-carbazate

In the title compound, C₁₅H₂₂N₂S₂, the di­thio­carbazate group adopts an E conformation with respect to the C=N bond of the benzyl­idene moiety. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by pairs of N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an R²₂(8) ring motif. The dimers are linked via C—H⋯π inter­actions, forming chains propagating along [100].