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Baranda J, Reed G, Williamson S, Stoltz M, Perez R, Mackay C, Madan R, Scott J, Godwin A. A Phase I Trial of Irinotecan (Iri) and Buparlisib in Previously Treated Patients (Pts) with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (Mcrc): Final Results. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu333.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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2
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Baranda J, Reed G, Williamson S, Dickman E, Stoltz M, Madan R, Wright L, Bhalla K, Godwin A. A Phase I Trial of Irinotecan (IRI) and BKM120 in Previously Treated Patients (PTS) With Metastic Colorectal Cancer (MCRC). Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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3
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Laille E, Ward R, Nasser A, Stoltz M, Cogle C, Gore S, Skikne BS, Garcia-Manero G. The pharmacokinetics of azacitidine following subcutaneous treatment in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.7087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7087 Background: 5-azacitidine (AZA), through its effects on DNA metabolism, gene expression, and cell differentiation, has proven beneficial in treatment of MDS and AML and AZA therapy significantly increases survival in higher-risk MDS and AML compared to conventional care. Few studies have evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of AZA and the renal elimination of AZA has not been previously published to our knowledge. Plasma PK of AZA are herein reported in patients receiving SC doses of 75 mg/m2. This study was designed to also assess the contribution of renal elimination to the overall clearance of AZA. Methods: Adult patients with MDS or AML and ECOG status 0–2 were treated with 7 consecutive daily SC doses of 75 mg/m2 AZA during their first treatment cycle. PK parameters of AZA were derived from drug concentrations in plasma and urine collected after the first and last dose (day 7) of AZA. Safety was evaluated by adverse event reporting (NCI-CTC). Results: Currently, 18 patients have been treated with SC AZA. AZA was rapidly absorbed and reached peak plasma concentrations (concs) within 0.5 hr post dosing. The AUCinf after SC doses was 1170 hr*ng/mL. The AZA concs declined in a pseudo bi-phasic manner with an elimination half-life of 1.25 hours. The plasma PK profiles after the first and last dose were superimposable. The apparent total clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution (Vd/F) were 143 L/hr and 318 L, respectively. AZA recovery in urine was very small relative to dose (<2%). AZA was well tolerated and no unexpected toxicities were observed. Conclusions: The AZA AUCinf after SC doses is similar to the published AUC value (1044 hr*ng/mL) after 75 mg/m2 IV doses indicating approximating 100% systemic bioavailability. After SC dosing, CL/F exceeded hepatic blood flow indicating extra-hepatic metabolism. Vd/F was 4–5 fold greater than total body water suggesting extensive AZA tissue distribution. Renal elimination appears to play a minor role in the overall clearance of AZA. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Laille
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R. Ward
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A. Nasser
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M. Stoltz
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C. Cogle
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S. Gore
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - B. S. Skikne
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G. Garcia-Manero
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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McKee RH, El-Hawari M, Stoltz M, Pallas F, Lington AW. Absorption, disposition and metabolism of di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) in F-344 rats. J Appl Toxicol 2002; 22:293-302. [PMID: 12355558 DOI: 10.1002/jat.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP; CAS no. 68515-48-0) is a general-purpose plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride. It produced liver and kidney effects when given to rodents at high oral doses, but there were no target organ effects in primates treated under similar conditions. To assist in understanding the basis for these species differences, the pharmacokinetic properties of DINP were evaluated in rodents following both oral and dermal administration. These studies demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic properties of DINP are similar to those of other high-molecular-weight phthalates. When orally administered to rodents, DINP is rapidly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract to the corresponding monoester, absorbed and excreted, primarily in the urine. Shortly after administration, DINP is found primarily in liver and kidneys, but it does not persist or accumulate in any organ or tissue. It is very poorly absorbed from the skin, but once absorbed it behaves in the same way as the orally administered material. The results of these rodent studies contrast with data from studies involving humans or other primates, which indicate low absorption at low oral doses and much more limited total absorption at high doses. It appears that many, if not all, of the effects of DINP in rodent studies are associated with internal doses that would be difficult, if not impossible, to achieve in humans under any circumstances. Thus, the results of rodent studies may not be very useful in assessing the potential risks to humans from high-molecular-weight phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H McKee
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc. Annandale, NJ, USA
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5
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Schwartz GK, Ilson D, Saltz L, O'Reilly E, Tong W, Maslak P, Werner J, Perkins P, Stoltz M, Kelsen D. Phase II study of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol administered to patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:1985-92. [PMID: 11283131 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.7.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Flavopiridol is the first cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to enter clinical trials. Activity in gastric cancer xenografts and in a patient with gastric cancer on the phase I trial led to this phase II study of flavopiridol in patients with metastatic gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixteen patients were entered onto the study, and 14 were assessable for response. Flavopiridol was administered initially at a dose of 50 mg/m(2)/d by continuous infusion for 72 hours every 2 weeks. Assessment of plasma pharmacokinetics was performed in all patients. Peripheral mononuclear cells were collected throughout the 72-hour infusion for determinants of apoptosis. RESULTS There were no major objective responses (exact confidence interval 0% to 23%). One patient achieved a minor response in his liver metastases, though the primary progressed. Other patients exhibited histologic and radiographic evidence of tumor necrosis. Common toxicities included fatigue in 93% of patients (grade 3 or 4 in 27%) and diarrhea in 73% of patients (grade 3 or 4 in 20%). Five patients (33%) developed venous thromboses at the central catheter tip. The studies performed on peripheral mononuclear cells indicated no induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Flavopiridol administered as a single agent for 72 hours every 14 days is inactive in the treatment of gastric cancer. The drug also induced an unexpected higher incidence of vascular thrombosis and fatigue than was anticipated from the phase I trials. Future development of flavopiridol will depend on other doses and schedules in combination with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Gastrointestinal Oncology Section, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Burtness B, Belker M, Stoltz M, Peccerillo KM, Lamb LA, Chmael SE, McKeon A, Clark MB, Winship J, Marsh JC, Pizzorno G, DeVita VT. A phase I study of the antimetabolite (E)-2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine (MDL 101,731) administered as a twice-weekly infusion. Cancer J 2000; 6:309-15. [PMID: 11079170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE (E)-2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine is a novel antimetabolite. Preclinical tests have shown antiproliferative activity in various human tumor xenograft models and have also indicated that efficacy is greatest with frequent dosing schedules. We conducted a phase I trial of MDL 101,731 infusion in humans with advanced cancer to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the dose-limiting toxicities of this drug when administered on a twice-weekly schedule. PATIENTS AND METHODS The drug was administered on a twice-weekly schedule for 3 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest. The initial dose was 16 mg/m2. This was reduced to 12 mg/m2 if persistent neutropenia occurred. All toxicity in the first six patients resolved by the end of the first rest week. The schedule was changed to 3 weeks of therapy followed by 1 rest week for the subsequent four patients. RESULTS Dose escalation beyond 16 mg/m2 was not feasible because of dose-limiting toxicities, principally hematologic. No irreversible or life-threatening toxicity was seen. Grade 2 noninfectious fever, mucositis, and anorexia were also seen. In patients with stable disease, there was a heavily pretreated patient with rectal cancer in whom a 38% reduction in indicator lesions of 7 months' duration occurred. DISCUSSION (E)-2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine is a novel antimetabolite with evidence of anticancer activity in heavily pretreated patients. The maximum tolerated dose when the agent is given twice weekly is 16 mg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Burtness
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8032, USA
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Russell T, Stoltz M, Weir S. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerance of single- and multiple-dose fexofenadine hydrochloride in healthy male volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 64:612-21. [PMID: 9871426 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9236(98)90052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fexofenadine is a selective, nonsedating H1-receptor antagonist that relieves symptoms of allergic conditions. METHODS Two randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled dose-escalation studies were performed in healthy men to determine the maximum tolerated oral dose, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fexofenadine hydrochloride. In the first study, 87 subjects (6 in the active drug group and 2 in the placebo group) received single oral doses of fexofenadine hydrochloride ranging from 10 to 800 mg or placebo. In the second study, 32 subjects (3 in the active drug group and 1 in the placebo group) received multiple fexofenadine hydrochloride doses ranging from 20 to 690 mg or placebo twice daily for 28 1/2 days. Serial plasma and urine samples were collected. Fexofenadine concentrations were determined by HPLC and fluorescence. Wheal and flare response to intradermal histamine was used to evaluate antihistaminic activity. RESULTS Fexofenadine hydrochloride was rapidly absorbed, reaching peak concentrations in 0.83 to 1.33 hours. Single-dose mean concentration ranged from 46 to 6383 ng/mL, and steady-state maximum plasma concentration ranged from 58 to 4677 ng/mL. Mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve was approximately proportional to dose. Oral clearance, renal clearance, and cumulative percent of drug excreted in urine were similar after single and multiple doses and were generally constant over the dose range studied. Inhibition of skin wheal and flare was shown for single doses of 40 mg and higher and for all multiple doses. No fexofenadine dose-related trends or apparent differences from placebo were found for any safety parameter. CONCLUSIONS Fexofenadine hydrochloride was well tolerated at oral doses up to 11 times the recommended therapeutic dose. In addition, fexofenadine hydrochloride showed significant antihistaminic activity and dose-proportional pharmacokinetics over a wide dosing range.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Russell
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc., Kansas City, MO 64137-1405, USA
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Stoltz M, Brandsch R. The conformational change induced by FAD in covalently flavinylated 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase does not require (8alpha)FAD-(N3)histidyl bond formation. J Biochem 1998; 123:445-9. [PMID: 9538227 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of (8alpha)-(N3)histidyl bond formation to the conformation of covalently flavinylated proteins was investigated by trypsin treatment of wild type and mutant versions of a model enzyme, 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase (6-HDNO) of Arthrobacter nicotinovorans. In the absence of FAD, apo-6-HDNO exhibited a conformation exposing a protease accessible site. Holoenzyme formation through FAD-attachment to His71 induced a conformational change in the protein that shielded the trypsin recognition site. This conformational change, however, did not require FAD-histidyl bond formation since trypsin resistance was also exhibited by a 6-HDNO.Cys71 mutant protein which was unable to bind FAD covalently. Replacement of Arg67, an amino acid residue supposed to be essential in flavinylation, by Ala rendered the protein protease sensitive as did replacement of Pro73 by Ala. These amino acids apparently play an essential role in stabilizing the native protein conformation. The inability to reach the native conformation also prevented FAD attachment, indicating that a specific conformation of the protein is a prerequisite for FAD-histidyl bond formation. Deletion of Phe448 and Arg449 from the 458 amino acid residues-containing enzyme resulted in complete protease sensitivity, demonstrating that flavinylation takes place posttranslationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc., Kansas City, MO 64134-0627, USA.
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10
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Stoltz M, Rassow J, Bückmann AF, Brandsch R. Covalent attachment of FAD derivatives to a fusion protein consisting of 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase and a mitochondrial presequence. Folding, enzyme activity, and import of the modified protein into yeast mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:25208-12. [PMID: 8810280 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoflavinylation of 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase (6-HDNO) was successfully employed to modify the protein covalently with FAD derivatives. The model compounds N6-(2-aminoethyl)-FAD and N6-(6-carboxyhexyl)-FAD were spontaneously bound to a fusion protein consisting of the mitochondrial targeting sequence of Neurospora crassa F0-ATPase subunit 9 (Su9) attached to 6-HDNO. When translated in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate, Su9-6-HDNO was in the trypsin-sensitive apoenzyme form; when translated in the presence of flavins it adopted a trypsin-resistant conformation characteristic of the 6-HDNO holoenzyme. With flavin derivatives, Su9-6-HDNO exhibited approximately 50% of the 6-HDNO activity observed with FAD. The covalently modified Su9-6-HDNO was imported into Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria with an efficiency equal to that of the apoenzyme. Apparently the increase in size and charge of the FAD moiety did not hamper translocation across the mitochondrial membranes. Yeast mutant ssc1-2 mitochondria deficient in mtHsp70 unfoldase activity imported the flavinylated Su9-6-HDNO protein. In mutant ssc1-3 mitochondria deficient in both mtHsp70 unfoldase and translocase activity Su9-6-HDNO was trapped as translocation intermediate; the Su9 presequence was passed to the matrix where it was proteolytically cleaved by the mitochondrial processing peptidase; (MPP); the translocation-arrested 6-HDNO moiety adopted a trypsin-sensitive conformation. Our results indicate that unfolding of the FAD-stabilized flavin-binding domain of 6-HDNO in passage through the mitochondrial general insertion pore does not require the activity of mtHsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Stoltz M, Henninger HP, Brandsch R. The design of an alternative, covalently flavinylated 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase by replacing the FAD-binding histidine by cysteine and reconstitution of the holoenzyme with 8-(methylsulfonyl)FAD. FEBS Lett 1996; 386:194-6. [PMID: 8647280 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The cofactor of several flavoenzymes is autocatalytically bound to the polypeptide via a histidyl(N3)-(8alpha)-FAD linkage which makes the generation of apoenzyme difficult. We introduced an alternative covalent protein-FAD bond at the active site of 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase (6HDNO) by replacing the FAD-binding histidine with cysteine. The resulting mutant enzyme was expressed with noncovalently attached cofactor. Incubation with 8-(methylsulfonyl)FAD, and less efficiently with 8-chloro-FAD, resulted in the spontaneous replacement of the noncovalently bound FAD by the flavin derivative and the formation of an 8-(N-acetylcysteinyl)FAD linkage. The flavinylated 6HDNO.cys exhibited close to wild-type activity levels. This strategy may be generally applicable to the attachment of artificially designed flavin derivatives to the active site of covalently flavinylated enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Frieburg, Germany
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Abstract
Rat dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (Me2GlyDH) was used as model protein to study the biogenesis of a covalently flavinylated mitochondrial enzyme. Here we show that: 1) enzymatically active holoenzyme correlated with trypsin resistance of the protein; 2) folding of the reticulocyte lysate-translated protein into the trypsin-resistant, holoenzyme form was a slow process that was stimulated by the presence of the flavin cofactor and was more efficient at 15 degrees C than at 30 degrees C; 3) the mitochondrial presequence reduced the extent but did not prevent holoenzyme formation; 4) covalent attachment of FAD to the Me2GlyDH apoenzyme proceeded spontaneously and did not require a mitochondrial protein factor; 5) in vitro only the precursor, but not the mature form, of the protein was imported into isolated rat liver mitochondria; in vivo, in stably transfected HepG2 cells, both the precursor and the mature form were imported into the organelle; 6) holoenzyme formation in the cytoplasm did not prevent the translocation of the proteins into the mitochondria in vivo; and 7) lack of vitamin B2 in the tissue culture medium resulted in a reduced recovery of the precursor and the mature form of Me2GlyDH from cell mitochondria, suggesting a decreased efficiency of mitochondrial protein import.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Otto
- Biochemisches Institut, Universitat Freiburg, Germany
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Stoltz M, Reynolds D, Elkins L, Salazar D, Weir S. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor mofegiline assessed during a phase I dose tolerance trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 58:342-53. [PMID: 7554709 DOI: 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single oral doses of up to 48 mg and daily (for 28 days) doses of up 24 mg mofegiline were investigated in healthy male volunteers. Plasma pharmacokinetics indicated rapid absorption and elimination: time to reach maximum concentration occurred at about 1 hour; half-life ranged from 1 to 3 hours. Maximal plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased and oral clearance decreased disproportionately with dose. Mofegiline rapidly and markedly inhibited platelet monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) activity, which returned to baseline within 14 days. Urinary excretion of phenylethylamine increased proportionately with doses up to 24 mg. No changes in urinary elimination of catecholamines, blood pressure, heart rate, or ECG were observed. A classic maximum tolerated dose was not achieved in these studies. However, the 48 mg single dose and the 24 mg multiple daily dose far exceeded the dose (1 mg) that was associated with > 90% platelet MAOB inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Marion Merrell Dow, Inc., Kansas City, MO 64134, USA
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14
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Stoltz M, Rysavy P, Kalousek F, Brandsch R. Folding, flavinylation, and mitochondrial import of 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase fused to the presequence of rat dimethylglycine dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:8016-22. [PMID: 7713902 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.14.8016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the folding, covalent flavinylation, and mitochondrial import of the rabbit reticulocyte lysate-translated bacterial 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase (6-HDNO) fused to the mitochondrial targeting sequence of rat liver dimethylglycine dehydrogenase. Translation of 6-HDNO in FAD-supplemented reticulocyte lysate resulted in a protein that contained covalently incorporated FAD, exhibited enzyme activity, and was trypsin-resistant, a characteristic of the tight conformation of the holoenzyme. The attached mitochondrial presequence did not prevent folding, binding of FAD, or enzyme activity of the 6-HDNO moiety of the fusion protein (pre-6-HDNO). Pre-6-HDNO was imported into rat liver mitochondria and processed by the mitochondrial processing peptidase. Incubation of the trypsin-resistant pre-holo-6-HDNO protein with deenergized rat liver mitochondria demonstrated that upon contact with mitochondria, the protein was unfolded and became trypsin sensitive. Mitochondrial import assays showed that the unfolded pre-holo-6-HDNO with covalently attached FAD was imported into rat liver mitochondria. Inside the mitochondrion the holo-6-HDNO was refolded into the trypsin-resistant conformation. However, when pre-apo-6-HDNO was imported only part of the protein became trypsin resistant (approximately 20%). Addition of FAD and the allosteric effector glycerol 3-phosphate to apo-6-HDNO containing mitochondrial matrix was required to transform the protein into the trypsin-resistant conformation characteristic of holo-6-HDNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- Biochemisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Stoltz M, Oliver DW, Wessels PL, Chalmers AA. High-resolution solid-state carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of mofebutazone, phenylbutazone, and oxyphenbutazone in relation to X-ray crystallographic data. J Pharm Sci 1991; 80:357-62. [PMID: 1865336 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600800415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state 13C NMR spectra of mofebutazone, phenylbutazone, and oxyphenbutazone monohydrate and anhydrate are presented. The crystal structures of these pyrazolidinedione derivatives, obtained by single-crystal X-ray analysis, were previously reported, revealing distinct differences in crystal structure. In this report, the chemical shift values observed for the solid-state 13C spectra are related to the chemical environment of the various carbon atoms and compared with the crystallographic data. Results indicate that solid-state NMR spectroscopy is potentially useful in the study of drugs in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- College of Pharmacy, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
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Abstract
Two crystal forms of oxyphenbutazone (a monohydrate and an anhydrate) were prepared by recrystallization. The forms were characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray powder diffraction patterns, thermomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, as well as powder and intrinsic dissolution rates. The crystal structure of the anhydrate has been elucidated and compared with that of the monohydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- College of Pharmacy, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
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Abstract
Two pseudopolymorphic forms of oxyphenbutazone, a benzene solvate (Solvate B) and a cyclohexane solvate (Solvate C), were prepared by recrystallization from benzene and cyclohexane, respectively. The forms were characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermomicroscopy, as well as powder and intrinsic dissolution rates. The dissolution rates of the two pseudopolymorphs were shown to be superior to those of the anhydrate, hemihydrate, and monohydrate which were previously reported. A brief stability report is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stoltz
- College of Pharmacy, University of Pretoria, Brooklyn, Pretoria, South Africa
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Henkel E, Stoltz M. A newly drafted colour test for the determination of triglycerides convenient for manual and mechanized analysis (glycerolphosphate-oxidase — PAP method). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00481817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tibone JE, Stoltz M. Fractures of the radial head and neck in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1981; 63:100-6. [PMID: 7451512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In thirty-three children with fractures of the radial head or neck, and with a minimum follow-up of two years, fractures of the radial neck were most common. The proximal radial epiphysis was usually closed by the age of fifteen years. The older children in the series had the worst prognosis, as did children with other associated upper-extremity injuries, usually on the medial aspect of the elbow. The results were best if treatment was initiated early, and closed reduction usually gave the most satisfactory results. Roentgenograms of the involved elbow were often abnormal even with a good clinical result, but the long-term result in such situations is uncertain.
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Klose S, Stoltz M, Munz E, Portenhauser R. Determination of uric acid on continuous-flow (AutoAnalyzer II and SMA) systems with a uricase/phenol/4-aminophenazone color test. Clin Chem 1978; 24:250-5. [PMID: 627057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a new specific colorimetric procedure for uric acid assay with AutoAnalyzer II and SMA (Technicon) systems, made specific by the application of uricase. Hydrogen preroxide, formed in this reaction, effects the oxidative coupling of 4-aminophenazone and 2,4-dichlorophenol under the catalytic influence of peroxidase. The red dye formed is measured at 505 or 520 nm. A sample blank measurement is not necessary, and the reagents show very good stability. The test shows linearity up to 714 mumol of uric acid per liter. Results of thie method correlate very well with those by the uricase-ultraviolet and uricase--catalase methods. There is no interference by hemoglobin, bilirubin, lipemia, and various drugs, except a minor interference by alpha-methyldopa. Interference from ascorbate is eliminated by ascorbate oxidase. This method can be regarded as a considerably improved routine test for uric acid on continuous-flow systems in clinical laboratories as compared with the commonly used phosphotungstate method.
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Klose S, Stoltz M, Munz E, Portenhauser R. Determination of uric acid on continuous-flow (AutoAnalyzer II and SMA) systems with a uricase/phenol/4-aminophenazone color test. Clin Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/24.2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This report describes a new specific colorimetric procedure for uric acid assay with AutoAnalyzer II and SMA (Technicon) systems, made specific by the application of uricase. Hydrogen preroxide, formed in this reaction, effects the oxidative coupling of 4-aminophenazone and 2,4-dichlorophenol under the catalytic influence of peroxidase. The red dye formed is measured at 505 or 520 nm. A sample blank measurement is not necessary, and the reagents show very good stability. The test shows linearity up to 714 mumol of uric acid per liter. Results of thie method correlate very well with those by the uricase-ultraviolet and uricase--catalase methods. There is no interference by hemoglobin, bilirubin, lipemia, and various drugs, except a minor interference by alpha-methyldopa. Interference from ascorbate is eliminated by ascorbate oxidase. This method can be regarded as a considerably improved routine test for uric acid on continuous-flow systems in clinical laboratories as compared with the commonly used phosphotungstate method.
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Stoltz M, Timpl R, Furthmayr H, Kühn K. Structural and immunogenic properties of a major antigenic determinant in neutral salt-extracted rat-skin collagen. Eur J Biochem 1973; 37:287-94. [PMID: 4126850 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02987.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Stoltz M, Furthmayr H, Timpl R. Increased lysine hydroxylation in rat bone and tendon collagen and localization of the additional residues. Biochim Biophys Acta 1973; 310:461-8. [PMID: 4719155 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(73)90130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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25
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Furthmayr H, Stoltz M, Becker U, Beil W, Timpl R. Chicken antibodies to soluble rat collagen. II. Specificity of the reactions with individual polypeptide chains and cyanogen bromide peptides of collagen. Immunochemistry 1972; 9:789-98. [PMID: 4116217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Nolph KD, Stoltz M, Maher JF. Calcium free peritoneal dialysis. Treatment of vitamin D intoxication. Arch Intern Med 1971; 128:809-14. [PMID: 5315802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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27
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Larcan A, Stoltz M, Stoltz JF. Influence of various plasma substitutes (Dextran, Plasmagel, Haemacel, and Subtosan) on the "sludge phenomenon." A correlative study of some hemorheological parameters. Microvasc Res 1971; 3:434-6. [PMID: 5130337 DOI: 10.1016/0026-2862(71)90046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Larcan A, Stoltz JF, Stoltz M. [Importance of platelet charge in the maintenance of blood stability]. C R Acad Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1971; 272:163-6. [PMID: 4994963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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30
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Woodhead JS, Stoltz M, O'Riordan JL. The isolation and immunological properties of porcine parathyroid hormone. Clin Sci (Lond) 1970; 38:17P-18P. [PMID: 5442544 DOI: 10.1042/cs038017pb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Stoltz JF, Stoltz M, Gineste J, Streiff F, Larcan A. [Influence of pH on electrophoretic motility of human erythrocytes and platelets. Searching for the "electrophoretic point"]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1970; 18:159-62. [PMID: 4909204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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32
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Larcan A, Stoltz M, Calamai M, Heully MC. [Experimental reproduction of the sludge phenomenon with the aid of various radio-iodine products (contribution to the pathogenesis of accidents secondary to urography and angiography)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1969; 50:Suppl 5:474-6. [PMID: 5401423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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33
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Larcan A, Stoltz JF, Stoltz M, Peters A. [Introduction to the study of electrokinetic phenomena in blood suspension]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1969; 17:405-9. [PMID: 4893909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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34
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Larcan A, Stoltz M. [Experimental reproduction of the sludge phenomenon]. Angeiologie 1969; 21:7-19. [PMID: 5356276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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35
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Stoltz JF, Stoltz M, Peters A, Larcan A. [Theoretical aspects of flocculation phenomena in biology]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1969; 27:1-10. [PMID: 5787194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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36
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Larcan A, Stoltz J, Stoltz M. Modification du potentiel zeta des plaquettes humaines sous l’influence de diverses substances (A.D.P., A.T.P., Noradrenaline); considérations théoriques et expérimentales concernant la stabilité de la suspension sanguine. Biorheology 1968. [DOI: 10.3233/bir-1968-5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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37
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Larcan A, Stoltz JF, Stoltz M. [Modification of the zeta potential of human blood platelets under the influence of various substances (ADP, ATP, noradrenaline); theoretical and experimental considerations concerning the stability of the blood suspension]. Biorheology 1968; 5:227-35. [PMID: 5737956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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38
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Stoltz JF, Stoltz M, Gineste J, Maupin B. [Action of ADP and ATP on the electrokinetic properties of human platelets]. Rev Fr Etud Clin Biol 1968; 13:525-9. [PMID: 5674740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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39
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Larcan A, Aurousseau M, Stoltz M, Stoltz JF, Genetet B. [Experimental duplication of the so-called sludge phenomenon]. Pathol Biol 1967; 15:1233-8. [PMID: 4867329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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Larcan A, Stoltz JF, Stoltz M, Genetet B. [Study of the relation between the shearing rate and the pressure flow rate of blood with a cone viscosimeter]. Agressologie 1967; 8:471-478. [PMID: 5600959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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41
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Stoltz M. Congenital Idiopathic Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis. Northwest Med Surg J 1857; 6:567-570. [PMID: 37320804 PMCID: PMC9973927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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