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Hicks SF, Vanhoy JR, French AJ, Henderson SL, Howard TJ, Pecha RL, Santonil ZC, Crider BP, Liu S, McEllistrem MT, Peters EE, Prados-Estévez F, Ross TJ, Yates S. Studies of54,56Fe Neutron Scattering Cross Sections. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20159302002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Crider BP, Peters EE, Ross TJ, McEllistrem MT, Prados-Estévez FM, Allmond JM, Vanhoy JR, Yates SW. Inelastic neutron scattering studies of 76Ge and 76Se: relevance to elevance to neutrinoless double-β decay. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20159305001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yates SW, Peters EE, Chakraborty A, Crider BP, McEllistrem MT, Prados-Estévez FM, Vanhoy JR. Level Lifetimes in 94Zr from DSAM Measurements following Inelastic Neutron Scattering. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146602111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chakraborty A, Peters EE, Crider BP, Andreoiu C, Bender PC, Cross DS, Demand GA, Garnsworthy AB, Garrett PE, Hackman G, Hadinia B, Ketelhut S, Kumar A, Leach KG, McEllistrem MT, Pore J, Prados-Estévez FM, Rand ET, Singh B, Tardiff ER, Wang ZM, Wood JL, Yates SW. Collective structure in 94Zr and subshell effects in shape coexistence. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:022504. [PMID: 23383898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.022504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on results from a measurement of weak decay branches observed following the β- decay of 94Y and on lifetime data from a study of 94Zr by inelastic neutron scattering, collective structure is deduced in the closed-subshell nucleus 94Zr. These results establish shape coexistence in 94Zr. The role of subshells for nuclear collectivity is suggested to be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chakraborty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
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Garrett PE, Kulp WD, Wood JL, Bandyopadhyay D, Choudry S, Dashdorj D, Lesher SR, McEllistrem MT, Mynk M, Orce JN, Yates SW. New features of shape coexistence in ;{152}Sm. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:062501. [PMID: 19792555 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Excited states in ;{152}Sm have been investigated with the ;{152}Sm(n,n;{'}gamma) reaction. The lowest four negative-parity band structures have been characterized in detail with respect to their absolute decay properties. Specifically, a new K;{pi} = 0;{-} band has been assigned with its 1;{-} band head at 1681 keV. This newly observed band has a remarkable similarity in its E1 transition rates for decay to the first excited K;{pi} = 0;{+} band at 684 keV to the lowest K;{pi} = 0;{-} band and its decay to the ground-state band. Based on these decay properties, as well as energy considerations, this new band is assigned as a K;{pi} = 0;{-} octupole excitation based on the K;{pi} = 0_{2};{+} state. An emerging pattern of repeating excitations built on the 0_{2};{+} level similar to those built on the ground state may indicate that ;{152}Sm is a complex example of shape coexistence rather than a critical point nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Garrett
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G2W1 Canada
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Orce JN, Holt JD, Linnemann A, McKay CJ, Lesher SR, Fransen C, Holt JW, Kumar A, Warr N, Werner V, Jolie J, Kuo TTS, McEllistrem MT, Pietralla N, Yates SW. Identification of mixed-symmetry states in an odd-mass nearly spherical nucleus. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:062504. [PMID: 17026168 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.062504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The low-spin structure of 93Nb has been studied using the (n,n'gamma) reaction at neutron energies ranging from 1.5 to 3 MeV and the 94Zr(p,2ngamma)93Nb reaction at bombarding energies from 11.5 to 19 MeV. States at 1779.7 and 1840.6 keV, respectively, are proposed as mixed-symmetry states associated with the pi2p(1/2)-1x(2(1),MS+,94Mo) coupling. These assignments are derived from the observed M1 and E2 transition strengths to the 2p(1/2)-1x(2(1)+,94Mo) symmetric one-phonon states, energy systematics, spins and parities, and comparison with shell model calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Orce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA.
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Abstract
Electron energy spectra and angular distributions, including angular spreads, were measured using magnetic spectrometer techniques, at isocenter, for two clinical linear accelerators: one scanning beam machine, which achieves field flatness by scanning a pencil beam over the desired field at the patient plane, and one scattering foil machine, which disperses the electrons through a graded-thickness scattering foil. All measurements were made at isocenter (in the patient plane), in air, 1 m from the nominal accelerator source. The energy measurements were confined to electrons traveling along the central axis; any widely scattered electrons were effectively neglected. The energy spectra of the scanning beam machine are all of nearly Gaussian shape and energy full-width-at-half-maximum intensity (FWHM) of about 5% of the peak mean energy (denoted (E0)*). The energy spectra of the scattering foil machine have a variety of forms as a function of energy, including even spectra with double peaks, and spectra which changed with time. The FWHM values ranged from 9%-22% of (E0)*. The angular spread measurements, at isocenter, yielded sigma theta (x) x (E0)* approximately 295 mrad-MeV for the scanning beam machine, and 346 mrad-MeV for the scattering foil machine, where sigma theta x denotes the standard deviation of the plane-projected angular distribution. These angular spreads are 30%-40% smaller than angular spreads reported by others on a very similar machine using the penumbra method. Possible causes of this discrepancy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Deasy
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.
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Sayeg JA, Hahn OJ, McEllistrem MT, Mohiuddin M, Reed JC. Unrecognized early contributors to the science of radiology from the University of Kentucky. Radiographics 1996; 16:429-38. [PMID: 8966299 DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.16.2.8966299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J A Sayeg
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Albert B. Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Johnson EL, Baum EM, DiPrete DP, Gatenby RA, Belgya T, Wang D, Vanhoy JR, McEllistrem MT, Yates SW. Lifetime measurements of scissors mode excitations in 162,164Dy. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1995; 52:2382-2386. [PMID: 9970766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.52.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
A small, lightweight, single-focusing magnetic spectrometer was designed, assembled, and tested for analysis of electron beams from radiotherapy electron linacs. The objective was to develop a low cost, simple device that could be easily replicated in other medical centers, and to demonstrate the practicality of individual electron counting for precise analysis of electron spectra. Two methods of spectroscopy have been developed. One method consists of counting electrons individually as a function of magnetic field setting. Electrons are deflected through 90 degrees in the magnetic spectrometer, through an exit slit, and into a scintillation detector. A second method consists of recording the complete spectrum of electron energies from the accelerator on a strip of film at a single magnetic field setting. A critical design element is the 10-cm long collimator for electrons entering the magnet gap, with defining apertures and scraper slits. The spectrometer's cleanliness of transmission, energy calibration, and resolution were all tested at 10 and 16 MeV using the nearly monoenergetic electron beam of the accelerator at the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC). These accelerator tests, and also Monte Carlo trajectory simulations, both show that contamination of the transmitted spectrum due to scattered or knock-on electrons is negligible. Low-energy characteristics were tested using a 90Sr + 90Y beta-particle source. The energy calibration of the 90 degree spectrometer mode was based on mapping the magnetic field and also electron trajectory computer simulations. That calibration agrees with the NRCC's own calibrated scale to 0.8% for the single-particle counting method and to 1.3% for the film method. The energy resolution was measured to be 2% at 10 MeV, which is adequate for radiotherapy linac measurements. The acceptance half angle is 0.5 degrees or less, depending on the aperture size, which is adequate for electron angular distribution measurements within the forward cone of the electron beam. Used with film, the spectrometer is a simple, accurate, and highly transportable device for measuring radiotherapy electron energy spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Deasy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Brown Cancer Center, Kentucky
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Abstract
Electron linac fields are usually characterized by the central-axis practical range in water, Rp, and the depth of half maximum dose, R50, for dosimetry, quality assurance, and treatment planning. The quantitative relations between the range parameters and the intrinsic linac beam's energy structure are critically reviewed. The spectral quantity <E0>* is introduced which is defined as the mean energy of the incident spectral peak, termed the "peak mean energy." An analytical model is constructed to demonstrate the predicted relation between polyenergetic spectral shapes and the resulting depth-dose curves. The model shows that, in the absence of electrons at the patient plane with energies outside about <E0>* +/- 0.1 <E0>*, Rp and R50 are both determined by <E0>*. This analytical approximation is confirmed by a Monte Carlo calculation comparing two different idealized incident spectra. The effect of contaminant lower energy or wide-angle scattered electrons is also discussed. The effect of the width of the intrinsic energy spread on the shape of the depth-dose curve is investigated using Monte Carlo depth-dose simulations based on measured linac energy spectra having energy spreads (full width at half maximum) as large as 20%. These simulations show that the energy spread has only a small effect on the shape of the central-axis depth-dose curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Deasy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Kentucky 40202
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Hicks SF, Hanly JM, Hicks SE, Shen GR, McEllistrem MT. Neutron scattering cross sections for 204,206Pb and neutron and proton amplitudes of E2 and E3 excitations. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:103-115. [PMID: 9969204 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Vanhoy JR, McEllistrem MT, Hicks SF, Gatenby RA, Baum EM, Johnson EL, Molnár G, Yates SW. Neutron and proton dynamics of 48Ca levels and gamma -ray decays from neutron inelastic scattering. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 45:1628-1643. [PMID: 9967915 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Wang D, McEllistrem MT. Shell model calculations for levels and transition rates in 204Pb and 206Pb. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1990; 42:252-261. [PMID: 9966707 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.42.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hicks SF, Hicks SE, Shen GR, McEllistrem MT. Collective doorway configurations in 49Ca through neutron scattering on 48Ca. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1990; 41:2560-2570. [PMID: 9966637 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.41.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Clegg TB, Haouat G, Delaroche JP, Lagrange C, Chardine J, McEllistrem MT, Hicks SE, Shen GR. Dynamics of collective excitations in 190,192Os and 194Pt observed by 8 MeV neutron scattering. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:2527-2540. [PMID: 9966264 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hicks SE, Cao Z, Mirzaa MC, Weil JL, Hanly JM, Sa J, McEllistrem MT. Nuclear dynamics of 192Os as probed in neutron scattering. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:2509-2519. [PMID: 9966262 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kovash MA, Andersen-Pugh B, McEllistrem MT, Ternes JK, Trice JH, Weil JL, Blatt SL, Hausman HJ, Marchlenski DG, Bacher AD. Quadrupole and octupole radiation from 16O near 39 MeV excitation. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:1093-1096. [PMID: 9966077 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.r1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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McEllistrem MT, Winters RR, Hershberger RL, Cao Z, Macklin RL, Hill NW. Neutron scattering in 189Os for nucleosynthesis rates of the odd-A Os isotopes and nucleochronology. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:591-600. [PMID: 9966021 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hanly JM, Hicks SE, McEllistrem MT, Yates SW. Levels and transitions in 204Pb and the four valence neutron-hole configurations. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:1840-1854. [PMID: 9954649 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hicks SE, McEllistrem MT. Energy dependence of the mean-field potential for neutron scattering from 190,192Os and 194,196Pt. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:1787-1790. [PMID: 9954642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hansen JC, Benson JA, Clendening WD, McEllistrem MT, Tobin JG. Temperature-dependent surface morphology of Au/Cu(001). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 36:6186-6189. [PMID: 9942314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.6186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Hicks SE, Delaroche JP, Mirzaa MC, Hanly J, McEllistrem MT. Influence of nuclear dynamics on neutron scattering from 194Pt. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1987; 36:73-82. [PMID: 9954052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.36.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Mirzaa MC, Delaroche JP, Weil JL, Hanly J, McEllistrem MT, Yates SW. Collective excitations of 194Pt in low energy neutron scattering. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1985; 32:1488-1495. [PMID: 9953004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.32.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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McEllistrem MT, Jones KW, Chiba R, Douglas RA, Herring DF, Silverstein EA. Differential Cross Sections forC12(d, d)C12andC12(d, p)C13. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1956. [DOI: 10.1103/physrev.104.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Benenson RE, Jones KW, McEllistrem MT. Comparison of Differential Cross Sections for the ReactionsC12(d, p)C13andC12(d, n)N13. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1956. [DOI: 10.1103/physrev.101.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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