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Tembo G, Mayuni M, Kamng'ona R, Chimgoneko L, Chiwala G, Sichone S, Galafa B, Thole F, Mkandawire C, Chirwa AE, Nsomba E, Nkhoma V, Ngoliwa C, Toto N, Makhaza L, Muyaya A, Kudowa E, Henrion MYR, Dula D, Morton B, Chikaonda T, Gordon SB, Jambo KC. Poor association between 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-induced serum and mucosal antibody responses with experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B colonisation. Vaccine 2024; 42:2975-2982. [PMID: 38570270 PMCID: PMC11056720 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumococcal carriage is the primary reservoir for transmissionand a prerequisite for invasive pneumococcal disease. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 (PCV13) showed a 62% efficacy in protection against experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B (Spn6B) carriage in a controlled human infection model (CHIM) of healthy Malawian adults. We, therefore, measured humoral responses to experimental challenge and PCV-13 vaccination and determined the association with protection against pneumococcal carriage. METHODS We vaccinated 204 young, healthy Malawian adults with PCV13 or placebo and nasally inoculated them with Spn6B at least four weeks post-vaccination to establish carriage. We collected peripheral blood and nasal lining fluid at baseline, 4 weeks post-vaccination (7 days pre-inoculation), 2, 7, 14 and > 1 year post-inoculation. We measured the concentration of anti-serotype 6B Capsular Polysaccharide (CPS) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies in serum and nasal lining fluid using the World Health Organization (WHO) standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS PCV13-vaccinated adults had higher serum IgG and nasal IgG/IgA anti-Spn6B CPS-specific binding antibodies than placebo recipients 4 to 6 weeks post-vaccination, which persisted for at least a year after vaccination. Nasal challenge with Spn6B did not significantly alter serum or nasal anti-CPS IgG binding antibody titers with or without experimental pneumococcal carriage. Pre-challenge titers of PCV13-induced serum IgG and nasal IgG/IgA anti-Spn6B CPS binding antibodies did not significantly differ between those that got experimentally colonised by Spn6B compared to those that did not. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that despite high PCV13 efficacy against experimental Spn6B carriage in young, healthy Malawian adults, robust vaccine-induced systemic and mucosal anti-Spn6B CPS binding antibodies did not directly relate to protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tembo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
| | - M Mayuni
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - R Kamng'ona
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - L Chimgoneko
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - G Chiwala
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - S Sichone
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - B Galafa
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - F Thole
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - C Mkandawire
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - A E Chirwa
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - E Nsomba
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - V Nkhoma
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - C Ngoliwa
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - N Toto
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - L Makhaza
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - A Muyaya
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - E Kudowa
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - M Y R Henrion
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Clinical Sciences Department, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - D Dula
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - B Morton
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Clinical Sciences Department, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - T Chikaonda
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - S B Gordon
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Clinical Sciences Department, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - K C Jambo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Clinical Sciences Department, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK.
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Vijayakrishnan J, Kumar R, Henrion MYR, Moorman AV, Rachakonda PS, Hosen I, da Silva Filho MI, Holroyd A, Dobbins SE, Koehler R, Thomsen H, Irving JA, Allan JM, Lightfoot T, Roman E, Kinsey SE, Sheridan E, Thompson PD, Hoffmann P, Nöthen MM, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Jöckel KH, Greaves M, Harrison CJ, Bartram CR, Schrappe M, Stanulla M, Hemminki K, Houlston RS. A genome-wide association study identifies risk loci for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia at 10q26.13 and 12q23.1. Leukemia 2017; 31:573-579. [PMID: 27694927 PMCID: PMC5336191 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown that common genetic variation contributes to the heritable risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To identify new susceptibility loci for the largest subtype of ALL, B-cell precursor ALL (BCP-ALL), we conducted a meta-analysis of two GWASs with imputation using 1000 Genomes and UK10K Project data as reference (totaling 1658 cases and 7224 controls). After genotyping an additional 2525 cases and 3575 controls, we identify new susceptibility loci for BCP-ALL mapping to 10q26.13 (rs35837782, LHPP, P=1.38 × 10-11) and 12q23.1 (rs4762284, ELK3, P=8.41 × 10-9). We also provide confirmatory evidence for the existence of independent risk loci at 9p21.3, but show that the association marked by rs77728904 can be accounted for by linkage disequilibrium with the rare high-impact CDKN2A p.Ala148Thr variant rs3731249. Our data provide further insights into genetic susceptibility to ALL and its biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vijayakrishnan
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - R Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Y R Henrion
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - A V Moorman
- Leukemia Research Group, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P S Rachakonda
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - I Hosen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M I da Silva Filho
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Holroyd
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - S E Dobbins
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - R Koehler
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J A Irving
- Leukemia Research Group, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J M Allan
- Leukemia Research Group, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - T Lightfoot
- Department of Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - E Roman
- Department of Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - S E Kinsey
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology and Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - E Sheridan
- Medical Genetics Research Group, Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - P D Thompson
- Paediatric and Familial Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - P Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genomics Research Group, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - K H Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Greaves
- Haemato-Oncology Research Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - C J Harrison
- Leukemia Research Group, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C R Bartram
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Schrappe
- General Paediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Stanulla
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - R S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
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