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Chen S, Deng J, Yuan Y, Flachenecker C, Mak R, Hornberger B, Jin Q, Shu D, Lai B, Maser J, Roehrig C, Paunesku T, Gleber SC, Vine DJ, Finney L, VonOsinski J, Bolbat M, Spink I, Chen Z, Steele J, Trapp D, Irwin J, Feser M, Snyder E, Brister K, Jacobsen C, Woloschak G, Vogt S. The Bionanoprobe: hard X-ray fluorescence nanoprobe with cryogenic capabilities. J Synchrotron Radiat 2014; 21:66-75. [PMID: 24365918 PMCID: PMC3874019 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577513029676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hard X-ray fluorescence microscopy is one of the most sensitive techniques for performing trace elemental analysis of biological samples such as whole cells and tissues. Conventional sample preparation methods usually involve dehydration, which removes cellular water and may consequently cause structural collapse, or invasive processes such as embedding. Radiation-induced artifacts may also become an issue, particularly as the spatial resolution increases beyond the sub-micrometer scale. To allow imaging under hydrated conditions, close to the `natural state', as well as to reduce structural radiation damage, the Bionanoprobe (BNP) has been developed, a hard X-ray fluorescence nanoprobe with cryogenic sample environment and cryo transfer capabilities, dedicated to studying trace elements in frozen-hydrated biological systems. The BNP is installed at an undulator beamline at sector 21 of the Advanced Photon Source. It provides a spatial resolution of 30 nm for two-dimensional fluorescence imaging. In this first demonstration the instrument design and motion control principles are described, the instrument performance is quantified, and the first results obtained with the BNP on frozen-hydrated whole cells are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Chen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. Deng
- Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Y. Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - R. Mak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Q. Jin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - D. Shu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - B. Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. Maser
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. Roehrig
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - T. Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - S. C. Gleber
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - D. J. Vine
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - L. Finney
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. VonOsinski
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - M. Bolbat
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - I. Spink
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - Z. Chen
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - J. Steele
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - D. Trapp
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - J. Irwin
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - M. Feser
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - E. Snyder
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - K. Brister
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. Jacobsen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - G. Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - S. Vogt
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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