Assessment of biological, psychological and adherence factors in the prediction of step-down treatment for patients with well-controlled asthma.
Clin Exp Allergy 2017;
47:467-478. [PMID:
28109164 DOI:
10.1111/cea.12888]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting beta2-agonist (ICS/LABA) are standard treatments for asthma. However, factors that might help reduce medication in well-controlled asthma are unknown. We classified problems of asthma patients into biological, psychological and adherence factors, and investigated factors associated with the indication and failure of a medication step-down treatment.
METHODS
Two hundred twenty two well-controlled asthma patients receiving ICS or ICS/LABA were assessed for physical and psychiatric problems and followed up for one year from adjustment of their treatment step. Factor B was defined as a presence of chronic upper airway complications. Factor P was defined as presence of psychiatric complications such as sleep disorder, depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders. Factor A was defined as poor adherence to ICS or ICS/LABA inhaler of 75% or less. Success in step-down treatment was defined as maintenance of well-controlled status for over one year after step-down.
RESULTS
Factor B was the most important single negative predictive factor for indication for step-down treatment (Odds ratio; 0.19). Factor A increased the risk of failure to maintain step-down treatment most significantly by 23-fold, and factor B increased it by 11-fold. The combination of factors B and A increased failure by 24-fold, factors P and A by 21-fold, all three factors by 36-fold. Factor P only interacted with the other factors to reduce chances of stepping down, but did not constitute a problem factor when present alone.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The evaluation of biological, psychological and adherence problems may lead to a more proactive and targeted approach to step-down treatment for patients with well-controlled asthma.
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