Evaluation of omadacycline against intracellular
Mycobacterium abscessus in an infection model in human macrophages.
JAC Antimicrob Resist 2023;
5:dlad104. [PMID:
37720564 PMCID:
PMC10502775 DOI:
10.1093/jacamr/dlad104]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline antibiotic in the tetracycline class that was approved by the US FDA in 2018 for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. It is available in both IV and oral formulations. Omadacycline has broad-spectrum in vitro activity and clinical efficacy against infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Omadacycline is being evaluated in a 3 month placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial of oral omadacycline versus placebo in adults with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium abscessus (NCT04922554).
Objectives
To determine if omadacycline has intracellular antimicrobial activity against NTM, bacteria that can cause chronic lung disease, in an ex vivo model of intracellular infection.
Methods
Two strains of M. abscessus were used to infect THP-1 macrophages. Intracellular M. abscessus was then challenged with omadacycline and control antibiotics at multiples of the MIC over time to evaluate intracellular killing.
Results
At 16 × the MIC at 72 h, omadacycline treatment of intracellular NTM yielded a log10 reduction in cfu of 1.1 (91.74% reduction in cfu) and 1.6 (97.65% reduction in cfu) consistent with killing observed with tigecycline, whereas amikacin and clarithromycin at 16 × the MIC did not show any reduction in cfu against the intracellular M. abscessus.
Conclusions
Omadacycline displayed intracellular activity against M. abscessus within macrophages. The activity was similar to that of tigecycline; as expected, intracellular killing was not observed with clarithromycin and amikacin.
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