Abstract P5-04-06: Withdrawn

This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.

Citation Format: Katzenellenbogen JA, Min J, Kim SH, Laws MJ, Zhao Y, Ziegler Y, Nelson ER, Shahoei SH, Chu D, Park BH, Katzenellenbogen BS. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-06.

Abstract P4-07-02: Withdrawn

This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.

Citation Format: Katzenellenbogen BS, Guillen VS, Ziegler Y, Kim SH, Laws MJ, Zhao Y, Yasuda MA, Li Z, El-Ashry D, Katzenellenbogen JA. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-02.

Uterine Epithelial Estrogen Receptor-α Controls Decidualization via a Paracrine Mechanism

Steroid hormone-regulated differentiation of uterine stromal cells, known as decidualization, is essential for embryo implantation. The role of the estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) during this differentiation process is unclear. Development of conditional Esr1-null mice showed that deletion of this gene in both epithelial and stromal compartments of the uterus leads to a complete blockade of decidualization, indicating a critical role of ESR1 during this process. To further elucidate the cell type-specific function of ESR1 in the uterus, we created WE(d/d) mice in which Esr1 is ablated in uterine luminal and glandular epithelia but is retained in the stroma. Uteri of WE(d/d) mice failed to undergo decidualization, indicating that epithelial ESR1 contributes to stromal differentiation via a paracrine mechanism. We noted markedly reduced production of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in WE(d/d) uteri. Supplementation with LIF restored decidualization in WE(d/d) mice. Our study indicated that LIF acts synergistically with progesterone to induce the expression of Indian hedgehog (IHH) in uterine epithelium and its receptor patched homolog 1 in the stroma. IHH then induces the expression of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II, a transcription factor that promotes stromal differentiation. To address the mechanism by which LIF induces IHH expression, we used mice lacking uterine epithelial signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, a well-known mediator of LIF signaling. Our study revealed that LIF-mediated induction of IHH occurs without the activation of epithelial signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 but uses an alternate pathway involving the activation of the ERK1/2 kinase. Collectively our results provide unique insights into the paracrine mechanisms by which ESR1 directs epithelial-stromal dialogue during pregnancy establishment.

Incidence of childhood-onset IDDM in black African-heritage populations in the Caribbean. The Caribbean African Heritage IDDM Study (CAHIS) Group

OBJECTIVE

To compare incidence rates of childhood-onset IDDM among black African-heritage populations age 0-19 years in the Caribbean region.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Population-based registries for IDDM were established on the eastern Caribbean islands of Antigua, Barbados, Dominica, St. Croix, St. Kitts, St. Thomas, and Tortola using standardized criteria from the World Health Organization (WHO) Multinational Project for Childhood Diabetes (DiaMond). Average annual incidence rates (IR) with 95% CI for 0-19 years olds were computed using the DiaMond Registry program for the 5-year period from 1989 to 1993. Poisson regression analysis was used to determine differences in incidence rates.

RESULTS

The highest incidence rate for 0-19 year olds was for the black African-heritage population of St. Croix (IR 10.09 per 100,000; 95% CI 4.35-19.89), one of the U.S. Caribbean islands. A significant (P < 0.05) 3.9 variation in IDDM incidence across the registries was found when the IR for St. Croix was compared to the IR for Barbados (IR 2.57 per 100,000; 95% CI 0.90-4.64).

CONCLUSIONS

The variation in childhood-onset IDDM incidence rates among the black populations of the eastern Caribbean islands is consistent with the geographic variation in IDDM incidence seen among African Americans in the U.S. Variation in incidence rates of childhood diabetes in black populations may reflect differences in level of white genetic admixture or exposure to environmental diabetogenic agents.

Reaction of 2-Benzylseleno-N-trimethylsilylbenzamides With Phosgene: Preparation of Benzoselenazine-2,4-diones

Treatment of N-alkyl-2-benzylseleno-N-trimethylsilylbenzamides, prepared from the N-substituted benzamide (3) or (8; R = primary alkyl, phenyl) by reaction with trimethylsilyl triflate, with phosgene in ether affords the benzoselenazine-2,4-dione ring system (7) or (9) in good yield.