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Goyal V, Damle S, Puranik MP, Nuvvula S, Kakanur M, Marwah N, Asokan S, Suprabha BS, Sreenivasan P, Wadgave U, Shyam S, Thakur D. Arginine: A New Paradigm in Preventive Oral Care. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:698-706. [PMID: 38162235 PMCID: PMC10753110 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is ubiquitous and one of the most prevalent oral diseases and the foremost cause of dental pain and poor quality of life (QoL). Fluoride is an effective caries preventive agent; however, despite its use, there remain some gaps in prevention of dental caries. Arginine, an amino acid, helps to maintain a noncariogenic plaque. It shows synergistic effects with fluoride in dental caries and can help nourish the tooth by enhancing the remineralization effect of fluoride. Supplementing fluoride dentifrices with arginine can bridge the gap in caries prevention. Several clinical studies with 1.5% arginine + fluoride provide evidence for its use in prevention of dental caries. This report throws light on the benefits of arginine in dental caries and guides on its use with fluoride. Recommendations given in the report will help in effective prevention of dental caries. How to cite this article Goyal V, Damle S, Puranik MP, et al. Arginine: A New Paradigm in Preventive Oral Care. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):698-706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Goyal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Dev Dental College and Research Institute, Sunam, Punjab, India
| | - Satyawan Damle
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, M.M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manjunath P Puranik
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikhil Marwah
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sharath Asokan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baranya S Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Mangaluru, India
| | - Prathima Sreenivasan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kannur Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - Umesh Wadgave
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Wadgave's Dental Home, Bidar, Karnataka, India
| | - S Shyam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dewakshi Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Dev Dental College and Research Institute, Sunam, Punjab, India
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Nellamakkada K, Patil SS, Kakanur M, Kumar RS, Thakur R. Association of Mothers’ Genetic Taste Perception to Eating Habits and Its Influence on Early Childhood Caries in Preschool Children: An Analytical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S135-S139. [PMID: 35645524 PMCID: PMC9108853 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To examine (1) the association of mothers’ 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) sensitivity with snacking habits and caries experience of both the mother and their 2-5-year-old preschool children and (2) the association of feeding habits with caries prevalence in 2-5-year-old children. Materials and methods In this analytical cross-sectional study, 2-5-year-old preschool children were clinically examined by a single calibrated examiner and divided into two groups of 80 children with early childhood caries (ECC) and 80 without. Mothers of the children were clinically examined and a second blinded investigator determined their genetic taste type using PROP. Data regarding feeding practices of the child and snacking habits of the mother and child were obtained using questionnaires. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results Cariogenic snack consumption was more among nontaster mothers and their children (p value < 0.001). More number of children of the nontaster mothers in the ECC group were bottle-fed with sweetened beverages (n = 24) and received sweet snacks as rewards (n = 32). Caries prevalence of 73%, 20%, and 7% was seen in children of nontaster, medium taster, and supertaster mothers, respectively (p value < 0.05). Significant association was found between mother's caries activity, past bottle-feeding, receiving sweet snacks as reward and their child's caries experience. Conclusion Mothers’ PROP sensitivity was significantly associated with snacking habits and caries experience of their children. Mothers’ PROP type could be an important factor that may determine and explain the dental caries experience in their 2-5-year-old preschool children. Clinical significance Early identification of nontaster mothers may prove beneficial in guiding them and consecutively their children toward healthy dietary habits, leading to lesser incidence of caries and their better overall wellbeing. How to cite this article Nellamakkada K, Patil SS, Kakanur M, et al. Association of Mothers’ Genetic Taste Perception to Eating Habits and Its Influence on Early Childhood Caries in Preschool Children: An Analytical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S135-S139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithi Nellamakkada
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandya S Patil
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Madhu Kakanur, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Phone: +91 9535152325,
| | - Ravi S Kumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Iype PA, Patil SS, Kakanur M, Kumar RS, Srinivas LS, Nellamakkada K, Thakur R, More SA. A cross-sectional cariogram-based comparison of caries risk profile in children with various levels of intellectual disability. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2021; 39:358-362. [PMID: 35102957 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_305_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the caries risk profile in children with mild, moderate, and severe intellectual disability (ID) using cariogram. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare caries risk profile using cariogram among 150 children aged 6-18 years, with various levels of ID (50 each in Mild ID, Moderate ID, and Severe ID groups), attending special schools in Bengaluru city. The risk assessment consisted of: a questionnaire, an interview, estimation of oral hygiene, saliva sampling, microbial evaluation and clinical examination. Statistical analysis of the results obtained was performed using Chi-square/Fischer's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS The overall comparison showed significant differences between the groups across all parameters except diet (P = 0.131), fluoride exposure (P = 1), salivary flow rate (P = 0.3), and buffer capacity (P = 1). Caries risk was high among children with severe intellectually disability while the actual chance to avoid caries was found to be high in the Mild ID group. Bacteria was one of the dominant caries risk sectors followed by susceptibility, circumstances, and diet. CONCLUSION Cariogram can be used as an effective tool in assessing caries prediction, thus aiding in identifying different risk groups in a community so that appropriate preventive measures can be implemented to overcome the caries risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Annie Iype
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandya S Patil
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi S Kumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - L S Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Krithi Nellamakkada
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Snehalika Ashok More
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Nellamakkada K, Patil SS, Kakanur M, Kumar RS, Thakur R. A clinical evaluation of two electronic apex locators and conventional radiography in working length determination in primary molar and its influence on children's behavioral responses. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2020; 38:158-163. [PMID: 32611862 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_28_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate root canal length determination, simplicity of the procedure, and patient's cooperation are important determinants in the success of endodontic treatment in primary teeth. AIM The aim of the study was to clinically compare the accuracy of Propex Pixi and Formatron D10 apex locators with conventional radiography in determining working length in mandibular primary second molars with and without varying degrees of physiological root resorption. DESIGN A nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted in 115 mandibular primary second molars indicated for pulpectomy in 90 pediatric dental patients. A single calibrated examiner determined the working length by conventional radiographic method and electronic apex locator (EAL) methods in a total of 376 canals. Behavior of the children during execution of each method in each tooth was recorded using the Frankl's behavior rating scale. The data obtained were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Significant correlation (intraclass correlation = 0.80 and 0.81, P < 0.001) could be detected between working length measurements obtained using Propex Pixi and Formatron D10 and measurements obtained using conventional radiography. Higher percentage of negative behaviors (negative and definitely negative) was observed during the conventional radiographic method (68.6%) as opposed to the Propex Pixi (16.5%) and Formatron D10 (20.8%) methods. CONCLUSIONS Both the apex locators were as accurate as conventional radiography in determining working length in primary teeth; Formatron D10 being more accurate than Propex Pixi. The EALs were far better accepted by children than conventional radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithi Nellamakkada
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandya S Patil
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi S Kumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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More S, Nayak M, S Patil S, Kakanur M, Kumar SR, Thakur R. Effects of habit-breaking appliances on tongue movements during deglutition in children with tongue thrust swallowing using ultrasonography – A pilot study. Contemp Clin Dent 2020; 11:350-355. [PMID: 33850401 PMCID: PMC8035834 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_415_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Methodology: Results: Conclusion:
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Kakanur M, Nayak M, Patil SS, Thakur R, Paul ST, Tewathia N. Exploring the multitude of risk factors associated with early childhood caries. Indian J Dent Res 2018; 28:27-32. [PMID: 28393814 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_35_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite efforts in restorative therapy, children who experience Early Childhood Caries (ECC) continue to be at a higher risk for new lesions in both the primary and the permanent dentition. Early interventions which disrupt the pathobiology of caries need identification of all the causative or risk factors. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study dealt with the prevalence and associated risk factors of ECC among preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in Bengaluru city. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information regarding risk factors was obtained through a structured questionnaire among a random sample of 1152 children. Clinical examination was performed by a trained dental professional using the modified WHO oral health survey format. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, correlation, multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of ECC among preschool children was 24.39% (P < 0.05), whereas the mean deft was 5.80 ± 8.90. The prevalence of ECC among males and females was 24.92% and 23.81%, respectively. 4.27% of children with ECC showed a history of prolonged breastfeeding beyond 2.5 years (P < 0.05). 50.18% of children had a history of using medications during bedtime/night. History of low birth weight was reported among 23.84% of ECC children. Only 13.52% of mothers claimed of getting a prenatal oral health care/counseling (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of ECC was seen in almost a quarter of the population with a high deft. A significant relation was associated only with the feeding duration and lack of prenatal oral health counseling provided to parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mihir Nayak
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandyadevi S Patil
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Santhosh T Paul
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nisha Tewathia
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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More SA, Patil SS, Kakanur M, Thakur R, Nayak MN, Kumar SR. A quantitative analysis of total carbohydrate content from the salivary expectorants in young children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2018; 36:53-57. [PMID: 29607840 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_153_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this postfluoride era, the concentration of fermentable carbohydrate in saliva after food intake is important to determine the risk of developing dental caries. AIM The aim of this study is to estimate the total carbohydrate content of salivary expectorants following consumption of commercially processed snacks. DESIGN Thirty children aged 6-8 years were selected for estimation of total carbohydrate content of salivary expectorants using modified calorimetric anthrone-sulfuric acid-glucose reaction. The test foods analyzed were as follows: Test food A - potato chips, Test food B - glucose biscuits, Test food C - Oreo biscuits, Test food D - cake, and Test food E - cornflakes. The data obtained were analyzed using student's t-test and ANOVA. RESULTS The difference between the mean carbohydrate values of salivary expectorants of various processed test food groups at 0 and 10 min was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001). After 10 min interval, cornflakes were found to have highest total carbohydrate content in salivary expectorant (5.186 mg/ml). CONCLUSION The foods with high starch content such as cornflakes and potato chips exhibited higher total carbohydrate content, thus depicting lower salivary clearance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehalika Ashok More
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandya S Patil
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mihir N Nayak
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Ravi Kumar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Kush A, Thakur R, Patil SDS, Paul ST, Kakanur M. Evaluation of antimicrobial action of Carie Care™ and Papacarie Duo™ on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans a major periodontal pathogen using polymerase chain reaction. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:534-8. [PMID: 26681861 PMCID: PMC4678554 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.169860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present scenario, we are made available with chemomechanical caries removal system containing a natural proteolytic enzyme for the ease in the excavation of infected dentine. The additive action for these agents is providing antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: This study was undertaken for assessing the action of Carie Care™ and Papacarie Duo™ on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected for cultivation of the periodontal pathogen from the clinical periodontal pockets using sterile paper points. The samples cultured under suitable conditions were analyzed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeting 16s r-DNA. The samples were divided into three groups namely, Group A: Control, Group B: With Papacarie Duo, Group C: With Carie Care. The pathogen inoculums plugs were inserted in the petri dishes containing chemically defined medium and the experimental gels at different concentrations and were incubated under optimal conditions. The inhibition of growth of the pathogen was studied visually. Results: There was visual inhibition of growth for Group B and C and also exhibited a dose-dependent effect also. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, Carie Care™ gel demonstrated better antimicrobial action against A. actinomycetemcomitans which is a major periodontal disease causing pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kush
- Director Research, Vittal Mallya Scienticic Research Foundation, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachna Thakur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandya Devi S Patil
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Santhosh T Paul
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sir Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Golai S, Nimbeni B, Patil SD, Kakanur M, Paul S. Langerhans histiocytosis in a child - diagnosed by oral manifestations. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZD09-11. [PMID: 26023652 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12353.5786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Langerhans Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare reactive and proliferative disease of histiocytes with unknown etiology, characterized by excessive proliferation of histiocytes called Langerhans cells. It occurs mainly in children but occurrence in adults has also been reported. It manifests as punched out lesions in the skull, maxilla, mandible, sternum and other flat bones and causes rapid resorption of the alveolar bone leading to floating teeth appearance in the radiographs. This disease manifests initially in the oral cavity in most of the cases and can be diagnosed by careful clinical and radiological examination. Here, we present a case of LCH in a child which was diagnosed by a swelling in the mandibular region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Golai
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital , Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Basavaraj Nimbeni
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital , Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Sandya Devi Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, KLE's Institute of Dental Sciences , Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, KLE's Institute of Dental Sciences , Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Paul
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Science and Hospital , Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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