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McGill MB, Kieffaber PD. Event-related theta and gamma band oscillatory dynamics during visuo-spatial sequence memory in younger and older adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297995. [PMID: 38564573 PMCID: PMC10986947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM) for sequences is thought to be crucial for daily behaviors. Decades of research indicate that oscillations in the gamma and theta bands play important functional roles in the support of visuo-spatial working memory, but the vast majority of that research emphasizes measures of neural activity during memory retention. The primary aims of the present study were (1) to determine whether oscillatory dynamics in the Theta and Gamma ranges would reflect item-level sequence encoding during a computerized spatial span task, (2) to determine whether item-level sequence recall is also related to these neural oscillations, and (3) to determine the nature of potential changes to these processes in healthy cognitive aging. Results indicate that VSWM sequence encoding is related to later (∼700 ms) gamma band oscillatory dynamics and may be preserved in healthy older adults; high gamma power over midline frontal and posterior sites increased monotonically as items were added to the spatial sequence in both age groups. Item-level oscillatory dynamics during the recall of VSWM sequences were related only to theta-gamma phase amplitude coupling (PAC), which increased monotonically with serial position in both age groups. Results suggest that, despite a general decrease in frontal theta power during VSWM sequence recall in older adults, gamma band dynamics during encoding and theta-gamma PAC during retrieval play unique roles in VSWM and that the processes they reflect may be spared in healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makenna B. McGill
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Paul D. Kieffaber
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America
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Clark AL, McGill MB, Ozturk ED, Schnyer DM, Chanfreau-Coffinier C, Merritt VC. Self-reported physical functioning, cardiometabolic health conditions, and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:2. [PMID: 36597157 PMCID: PMC9810242 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the United States Veterans Health Administration's (VHA's) Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in the refinement and improvement of clinical care initiatives within the VHA. This study compared self-reported physical functioning, cardiometabolic health conditions, and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data (collected between 2007 and 2019), with the goal of enhancing understanding of potentially modifiable health conditions in this population. METHODS In this observational cohort study, veterans (n = 16,452) were grouped based on the diagnostic outcome of the TBI Screening and Evaluation Program: 1) negative TBI screen (Screen-); 2) positive TBI screen but no confirmed TBI diagnosis [Screen+/ Comprehensive TBI Evaluation (CTBIE)-]; or 3) positive TBI screen and confirmed TBI diagnosis (Screen+/CTBIE+). Chi-square tests and analysis of covariance were used to explore group differences in physical functioning, cardiometabolic health conditions, and health care utilization patterns, and logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of Screen+/- and CTBIE+/- group status. RESULTS The results showed that veterans in the Screen+/CTBIE- and Screen+/CTBIE+ groups generally reported poorer levels of physical functioning (P's < 0.001, np2 = 0.02 to 0.03), higher rates of cardiometabolic health conditions (P's < 0.001, φ = 0.14 to 0.52), and increased health care utilization (P's < 0.001, φ = 0.14 to > 0.5) compared with the Screen- group; however, health outcomes were generally comparable between the Screen+/CTBIE- and Screen+/CTBIE+ groups. Follow-up analyses confirmed that while physical functioning, hypertension, stroke, healthcare utilization, and prescription medication use reliably distinguished between the Screen- and Screen+ groups (P's < 0.02, OR's 0.78 to 3.38), only physical functioning distinguished between the Screen+/CTBIE- and Screen+/CTBIE+ groups (P < 0.001, OR 0.99). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that veterans who screen positive for TBI, regardless of whether they are ultimately diagnosed with TBI, are at greater risk for negative health outcomes, signifying that these veterans represent a vulnerable group that may benefit from increased clinical care and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Clark
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.,Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Makenna B McGill
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Erin D Ozturk
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program, San Diego, CA, 92120, USA
| | - David M Schnyer
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Catherine Chanfreau-Coffinier
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, 84148, USA
| | - Victoria C Merritt
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 29093, USA. .,Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VASDHS, San Diego, 92161, USA.
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Bisconer SW, McGill MB. Undergraduate students and the COVID-19 pandemic: A look-back at first-year constructs of psychological adjustment, implications for clinicians and college administrators. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1037/pro0000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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