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Roman D, Boldyrev MK, Yang S, Philipp M. The Effect of Mutations on Protein‐Protein and Protein‐Ligand Interactions for a 17β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Roman
- Lehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
| | | | - Song‐Yu Yang
- BiochemistryThe Graduate Center City University of New York CUNYNew YorkNY
- Developmental BiochemistryThe Graduate Center City University of New York CUNYNew YorkNY
| | - Manfred Philipp
- BiochemistryThe Graduate Center City University of New York CUNYNew YorkNY
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Philipp M, Olumuyide E, Babalola B, Gonzalez J. An investigation of NMR‐Derived Structures for the SARS Coronavirus E Channel Protein. FASEB J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8239525 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Philipp
- ChemistryLehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
- Biochemistry & ChemistryGraduate Center of CUNYNew YorkNY
| | | | - Blessing Babalola
- Biological SciencesLehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
| | - Janet Gonzalez
- Natural SciencesLaGuardia Community College, City University of New YorkLong Island CityNY
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Philipp M, McDevitt M, Roman D, Gonzalez J. Region and Country Trends in the Determination of Coronavirus PDB Protein Structures. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Philipp
- Lehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
- Biochemistry and ChemistryLehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
| | | | - David Roman
- ChemistryLehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
| | - Janet Gonzalez
- Natural SciencesLaGuardia Community CollegeLong Island CityNY
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Clement C, Gonzalez J, Zakia S, Philipp M. Structure‐Based Drug Design (SBDD) and
In Silico
Pharmacophore Screening Enabled the Discovery of Small Organic Molecules and Peptides Modulators of
Bla
C, TEM‐1 and
Amp
C Beta Lactamases. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.04692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet Gonzalez
- Natural SciencesLaGuardia Community CollegeLong Island CityNY
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Zakia S, Philipp M. The Identification of Natural Products that are Predicted to Bind to the SARS‐CoV‐2 3CL Protease. FASEB J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8239608 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has been paid to immunological approaches to dealing with the Covid‐19 pandemic. In addition, existing pharmaceuticals, such as the modified mononucleotide Remdesvir, have been studied in the context of the viral infection. This study looks at different classes of compounds, natural products, some already ingested by millions of people every day, and asks if there is evidence that they might bind to Covid‐19 viral proteins and possibly interfere with viral replication. In this study, the Universal Natural Products Database was used to search for compounds that bind to the SARS‐CoV‐2 3CL Protease. The database was interrogated using the Smina docking program, a branch of Autodock Vina. Those compounds that were predicted by Smina to bind better than ‐9 kcal/mole were then successively interrogated with LeDock, a program that gives results that are considerably different from Smina. The compounds with predicted binding values of ‐11 kcal/mole or lower by both programs were then studied by observing their predicted binding using several programs that enable the examination of ligand‐protein interactions. While this study identified many compounds of potential interest, this report concentrates on compounds that are commonly found in foodstuffs. Some but not all of these compounds are structurally close to those compounds that have been classified by others as Pan‐Assay Interference Compounds, PAINS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manfred Philipp
- ChemistryLehman College, City University of New YorkBronxNY
- Biochemistry and ChemistryThe Graduate Center City University of New York CUNYNEW YORKNY
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Wiessner R, Lorenz R, Gehring A, Kleber T, Benz C, Sander M, Richter DU, Philipp M. Alterations in the mechanical, chemical and biocompatibility properties of low-cost polyethylene and polyester meshes after steam sterilization. Hernia 2020; 24:1345-1359. [PMID: 32975699 PMCID: PMC7701087 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In Africa and other Low Resource Settings (LRS), the guideline-based and thus in most cases mesh-based treatment of inguinal hernias is only feasible to a very limited extent. This has led to an increased use of low cost meshes (LCMs, mostly mosquito meshes) for patients in LRS. Most of the LCMs used are made of polyethylene or polyester, which must be sterilized before use. The aim of our investigations was to determine changes in the biocompatibility of fibroblasts as well as mechanical and chemical properties of LCMs after steam sterilization. Material and methods Two large-pored LCMs made of polyester and polyethylene in a size of 11 x 6 cm were cut and steam sterilized at 100, 121 and 134 °C. These probes and non-sterile meshes were then subjected to mechanical tensile tests in vertical and horizontal tension, chemical analyses and biocompatibility tests with human fibroblasts. All meshes were examined by stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), LDH (cytotoxicity) measurement, viability testing, pH, lactate and glycolysis determination. Results Even macroscopically, polyethylene LCMs showed massive shrinkage after steam sterilization, especially at 121 and 134 °C. While polyester meshes showed no significant changes after sterilization with regard to deformation and damage as well as tensile force and stiffness, only the unsterile polyethylene mesh and the mesh sterilized at 100 °C could be tested mechanically due to the shrinkage of the other specimen. For these meshes the tensile forces were about four times higher than for polyester LCMs. Chemical analysis showed that the typical melting point of polyester LCMs was between 254 and 269 °C. Contrary to the specifications, the polyethylene LCM did not consist of low-density polyethylene, but rather high-density polyethylene and therefore had a melting point of 137 °C, so that the marked shrinkage described above occurred. Stereomicroscopy confirmed the shrinkage of polyethylene LCMs already after sterilization at 100 °C in contrast to polyester LCMs. Surprisingly, cytotoxicity (LDH measurement) was lowest for both non-sterile LCMs, while polyethylene LCMs sterilized at 100 and 121 °C in particular showed a significant increase in cytotoxicity 48 hours after incubation with fibroblasts. Glucose metabolism showed no significant changes between sterile and non-sterile polyethylene and polyester LCMs. Conclusion The process of steam sterilization significantly alters mechanical and structural properties of synthetic hernia mesh implants. Our findings do not support a use of low-cost meshes because of their unpredictable properties after steam sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Wiessner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Bodden-Kliniken Ribnitz-Damgarten, Sandhufe 2, 18311, Ribnitz-Damgarten, Germany.
| | - R Lorenz
- 3+ Chirurgen, Berlin-Spandau, Germany
| | - A Gehring
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Bodden-Kliniken Ribnitz-Damgarten, Sandhufe 2, 18311, Ribnitz-Damgarten, Germany
| | - T Kleber
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Helios Klinikum Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - C Benz
- Institute of Structural Mechanics (StM), University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - M Sander
- Institute of Structural Mechanics (StM), University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - D-U Richter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - M Philipp
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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7
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Humke C, Lena T, Mike W, Felix P, Boris B, Jens K, Andreas B, Frederik R, Felix C, Philipp M. Concordance between image morphological and pathological stages and its predictive value for nerve-sparing in patients with high-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical forensic medicine does not only entail examination of patients after physical violence but also the option of clinical autopsies, e.g. after non-notifiable complications of medical interventions, after fatalities closely following medical interventions or fatalities as a result of injuries when the public prosecutor decides not to order a medicolegal autopsy. Based on this routine the Institute of Forensic Medicine at the University of Rostock offers a training course in topographical anatomy to physicians for further training in interventional and surgical disciplines. METHODS At the beginning of autopsies the participants can explore the approaches of interventional puncture techniques as well as surgical techniques and the basic topographical anatomy in small groups of 2-4 persons under the supervision of forensic examiners. The format is essentially oriented to the early further training period but fulfils the requirements for the exploration of complex operative techniques. The course was adapted for physicians and offered separately to students. The explorations are performed manually or by support with autopsy instruments. RESULTS The courses offer an ideal room for individual, discipline-specific topics and result in a great benefit for all participants. A statistical assessment can only be achieved with a larger number of participants. CONCLUSION Making autopsy rooms available for teaching and further training represents an additional feature to the profile of clinical forensic medicine. Lessons in topographical anatomy provide a great benefit for patient safety. It seems to be important to offer the opportunity to address individual interests in a closed meeting to consolidate skills and abilities in a non-judgemental environment. The post-mortem examiners have to ensure that the autopsy is carried out lege artis. Basic ethical principles and all regulations from an accredited scope have to be adhered to.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Hammer
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, St.-Georg-Str. 108, 18055, Rostock, Deutschland.
| | - V Blaas
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, St.-Georg-Str. 108, 18055, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - A Büttner
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, St.-Georg-Str. 108, 18055, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - M Philipp
- Abteilung für Allgemeine, Thorax-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Rostock, Deutschland
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Philipp M, Förster S, Klar E. [Inguinal Hernia Repair According to Desarda - Implementation of a Mesh-Free Method in a German University Hospital]. Zentralbl Chir 2015; 140:373-4. [PMID: 26266473 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1545865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inguinal hernia repair shows a clear tendency towards mesh-based as well as laparoscopic approaches. This is widely reflected in data-based statistics and guidelines. In contrast we have initiated and hereby illustrate the surgical method according to Desarda using autologous fascia to repair inguinal hernia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philipp
- Allgemein-, Thorax-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Rostock, Deutschland
| | - S Förster
- Allgemein-, Thorax-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Rostock, Deutschland
| | - E Klar
- Allgemein-, Thorax-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Rostock, Deutschland
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10
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Philipp M, Förster S, Klar E. [Loss of domain-a surgeon's challenge. Surgical approach to an enormous scrotal hernia]. Chirurg 2015; 85:1005-9. [PMID: 24996383 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-014-2789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report on the one-stage procedure surgical approach to an enormous scrotal hernia bearing the whole small bowel and part of the large bowel as a loss of domain situation. Using a mesh-based component separation abdominal wall technique according to Ramirez we managed to retrieve the hernia content into the abdominal cavity allowing reduction of the resulting intra-abdominal pressure. We present our surgical approach in detail and report on the postoperative process based on focused intensive care surveillance and specific surgical complication management leading to hospital discharge of the patient on postoperative day 57.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philipp
- Abteilung für Allgemeine, Thorax-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland,
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Dyakonova MA, Stavrouli N, Popescu MT, Kyriakos K, Grillo I, Philipp M, Jaksch S, Tsitsilianis C, Papadakis CM. Physical Hydrogels via Charge Driven Self-Organization of a Triblock Polyampholyte – Rheological and Structural Investigations. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501671s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Dyakonova
- Fachgebiet
Physik weicher Materie/Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien,
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - N. Stavrouli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering Sciences, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - M. T. Popescu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering Sciences, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - K. Kyriakos
- Fachgebiet
Physik weicher Materie/Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien,
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - I. Grillo
- Large
Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - M. Philipp
- Fachgebiet
Physik weicher Materie/Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien,
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Jaksch
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstrasse
1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Tsitsilianis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering Sciences, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - C. M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet
Physik weicher Materie/Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien,
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Yang SY, He XY, Isaacs C, Dobkin C, Miller D, Philipp M. Roles of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 in neurodegenerative disorders. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 143:460-72. [PMID: 25007702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is encoded by the HSD17B10 gene mapping at Xp11.2. This homotetrameric mitochondrial multifunctional enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of neuroactive steroids and the degradation of isoleucine. This enzyme is capable of binding to other peptides, such as estrogen receptor α, amyloid-β, and tRNA methyltransferase 10C. Missense mutations of the HSD17B10 gene result in 17β-HSD10 deficiency, an infantile neurodegeneration characterized by progressive psychomotor regression and alteration of mitochondria morphology. 17β-HSD10 exhibits only a negligible alcohol dehydrogenase activity, and is not localized in the endoplasmic reticulum or plasma membrane. Its alternate name - Aβ binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) - is a misnomer predicated on the mistaken belief that this enzyme is an alcohol dehydrogenase. Misconceptions about the localization and function of 17β-HSD10 abound. 17β-HSD10's proven location and function must be accurately identified to properly assess this enzyme's important role in brain metabolism, especially the metabolism of allopregnanolone. The brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of animals in an AD mouse model exhibit abnormally elevated levels of 17β-HSD10. Abnormal expression, as well as mutations of the HSD17B10 gene leads to impairment of the structure, function, and dynamics of mitochondria. This may underlie the pathogenesis of the synaptic and neuronal deficiency exhibited in 17β-HSD10 related diseases, including 17β-HSD10 deficiency and AD. Restoration of steroid homeostasis could be achieved by the supplementation of neuroactive steroids with a proper dosing and treatment regimen or by the adjustment of 17β-HSD10 activity to protect neurons. The discovery of this enzyme's true function has opened a new therapeutic avenue for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA; Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Xue-Ying He
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Charles Isaacs
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Carl Dobkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA; Neuroscience Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA
| | - David Miller
- Department of Molecular Biology, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Manfred Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of CUNY, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Biochemistry Doctoral Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY 10016, USA
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Kühn F, Philipp M, Klar E, Witte M. [Treatment of a subsequently detected, iatrogenic colonic perforation via minimal-invasive rendezvous procedure]. Z Gastroenterol 2014; 52:818-20. [PMID: 25111722 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1366615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery as primary therapeutical option for iatrogenic colonic perforation after colonoscopy can be complemented by intraoparative colonoscopy in order to detect and treat even difficult accessible lesions. Via the presented method minimal invasisve detection and therapy of perforation can be conducted safely and can lead to reduction of morbidity.
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Casar Tena T, Blaette T, Philipp M. 6The DNA helicase Mcm2 is required for cardiac looping. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu074.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kiessling AH, Philipp M, Stock UA, Beiras-Fernandez A, Reyher C, Moritz A. 109 * REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF RECTAL MUCOSAL MICROCIRCULATION DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt372.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Yang SY, Dobkin C, He XY, Philipp M, Brown WT. A 5-methylcytosine hotspot responsible for the prevalent HSD17B10 mutation. Gene 2012; 515:380-4. [PMID: 23266819 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Approximately half of the cases of hydroxysteroid (17β) dehydrogenase X (HSD10) deficiency are due to a missense C>T mutation in exon 4 of the HSD17B10 gene. The resulting HSD10 (p.R130C) loses most or all catalytic functions, and the males with this mutation have a much more severe clinical phenotype than those carrying p.V65A, p.L122V, or p.E249Q mutations. We found that the mutated cytosine which is +2259 nucleotide from the ATG of the gene, is >90% methylated in both the active and inactive X chromosomes in two normal females as well as in the X chromosome of a normal male. Since 5-methylcytosine is prone to conversion to thymine by deamination, the methylation of this cytosine in normal X chromosomes provides an explanation for the prevalence of the p.R130C mutation among patients with HSD10 deficiency. The substitution of arginine for cysteine eliminates several hydrogen bonds and reduces the van der Waals interaction between HSD10 subunits. The resulting disruption of protein structure impairs some if not all of the catalytic and non-enzymatic functions of HSD10. A meta-analysis of residual HSD10 activity in eight patients with the p.R130C mutation showed an average 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (MHBD) activity of only 6 (±5) % of the normal control level. This is significantly lower than in cells of patients with other, clinically milder mutations and suggests that the loss of HSD10/MHBD activity is a marker for the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA.
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Georgalis Y, Philipp M, Aleksandrova R, Krüger J. Light scattering studies on Ficoll PM70 solutions reveal two distinct diffusive modes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 386:141-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Figueiredo AC, Clement CC, Zakia S, Gingold J, Philipp M, Pereira PJB. Rational design and characterization of D-Phe-Pro-D-Arg-derived direct thrombin inhibitors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34354. [PMID: 22457833 PMCID: PMC3311629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tremendous social and economic impact of thrombotic disorders, together with the considerable risks associated to the currently available therapies, prompt for the development of more efficient and safer anticoagulants. Novel peptide-based thrombin inhibitors were identified using in silico structure-based design and further validated in vitro. The best candidate compounds contained both l- and d-amino acids, with the general sequence d-Phe(P3)-Pro(P2)-d-Arg(P1)-P1′-CONH2. The P1′ position was scanned with l- and d-isomers of natural or unnatural amino acids, covering the major chemical classes. The most potent non-covalent and proteolysis-resistant inhibitors contain small hydrophobic or polar amino acids (Gly, Ala, Ser, Cys, Thr) at the P1′ position. The lead tetrapeptide, d-Phe-Pro-d-Arg-d-Thr-CONH2, competitively inhibits α-thrombin's cleavage of the S2238 chromogenic substrate with a Ki of 0.92 µM. In order to understand the molecular details of their inhibitory action, the three-dimensional structure of three peptides (with P1′ l-isoleucine (fPrI), l-cysteine (fPrC) or d-threonine (fPrt)) in complex with human α-thrombin were determined by X-ray crystallography. All the inhibitors bind in a substrate-like orientation to the active site of the enzyme. The contacts established between the d-Arg residue in position P1 and thrombin are similar to those observed for the l-isomer in other substrates and inhibitors. However, fPrC and fPrt disrupt the active site His57-Ser195 hydrogen bond, while the combination of a P1 d-Arg and a bulkier P1′ residue in fPrI induce an unfavorable geometry for the nucleophilic attack of the scissile bond by the catalytic serine. The experimental models explain the observed relative potency of the inhibitors, as well as their stability to proteolysis. Moreover, the newly identified direct thrombin inhibitors provide a novel pharmacophore platform for developing antithrombotic agents by exploring the conformational constrains imposed by the d-stereochemistry of the residues at positions P1 and P1′.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Figueiredo
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C. Clement
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College & Biochemistry Program, CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CC); (MP); (PP)
| | - Sheuli Zakia
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College & Biochemistry Program, CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Julian Gingold
- MD Program at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Manfred Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College & Biochemistry Program, CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CC); (MP); (PP)
| | - Pedro J. B. Pereira
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail: (CC); (MP); (PP)
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Seaver LH, He XY, Abe K, Cowan T, Enns GM, Sweetman L, Philipp M, Lee S, Malik M, Yang SY. A novel mutation in the HSD17B10 gene of a 10-year-old boy with refractory epilepsy, choreoathetosis and learning disability. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27348. [PMID: 22132097 PMCID: PMC3222643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxysteroid (17beta) dehydrogenase 10 (HSD10) is a mitochondrial multifunctional enzyme encoded by the HSD17B10 gene. Missense mutations in this gene result in HSD10 deficiency, whereas a silent mutation results in mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic 10 (MRXS10). Here we report a novel missense mutation found in the HSD17B10 gene, namely c.194T>C transition (rs104886492), brought about by the loss of two forked methyl groups of valine 65 in the HSD10 active site. The affected boy, who possesses mutant HSD10 (p.V65A), has a neurological syndrome with metabolic derangements, choreoathetosis, refractory epilepsy and learning disability. He has no history of acute decompensation or metabolic acidosis whereas his urine organic acid profile, showing elevated levels of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate and tiglylglycine, is characteristic of HSD10 deficiency. His HSD10 activity was much lower than the normal control level, with normal β-ketothiolase activity. The c.194T>C mutation in HSD17B10 can be identified by the restriction fragment polymorphism analysis, thereby facilitating the screening of this novel mutation in individuals with intellectual disability of unknown etiology and their family members much easier. The patient's mother is an asymptomatic carrier, and has a mixed ancestry (Hawaiian, Japanese and Chinese). This demonstrates that HSD10 deficiency patients are not confined to a particular ethnicity although previously reported cases were either Spanish or German descendants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie H. Seaver
- Hawai'i Community Genetics, Kapi'olani Medical Specialists, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Xue-Ying He
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Keith Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Tina Cowan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Gregory M. Enns
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Sweetman
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Manfred Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sansan Lee
- Hawai'i Community Genetics, Kapi'olani Medical Specialists, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Mazhar Malik
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Song-Yu Yang
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pontoppidan MB, Petersen PM, Philipp M. For she that hath, to her shall be given…Implications of flowering in Anemone nemorosa L. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2011; 13:842-847. [PMID: 21973160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We looked for life-history trade-offs between flowering, vegetative growth and somatic maintenance in the common woodland herb Anemone nemorosa. A. nemorosa forms a horizontal rhizome system consisting of previously formed annual segments and terminated by a flowering or non-flowering shoot. Resources acquired by the aboveground parts are used for flowering, seed production, storage and growth of the annual segments. Resources stored in the rhizome during the growing period are used for preformation of buds, somatic maintenance between two growing periods and development of aboveground parts in the following spring. We hypothesised that the decision to invest in flower buds depends on the amount of resources stored in the recently formed annual segment. We also hypothesised a trade-off between flowering and segment growth and, finally, as a consequence, we expected individual rhizomes to alternate between the flowering and the non-flowering state. We found that segments producing flower buds were significantly longer than non-flowering segments, indicating that resource level influences the function of the preformed buds. Contrary to our expectations, we found flowering rhizomes produced longer annual segments than non-flowering rhizomes. We suggest the larger leaf area of flowering rhizomes and occasional abortion of flowers or seeds as possible mechanisms behind this pattern. Our study shows that even though the decision to produce a flower bud is taken in another time-frame than that in which the actual flowering and fruiting takes place, an ostensibly inexpedient decision is changed to a neutral or even an advantageous incident.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-B Pontoppidan
- Section for Ecology & Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pereira PJB, Figueiredo AC, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Philipp M, Clement CC. Structural characterization of D-Phe-Pro- D-Arg-derived thrombin inhibitors. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876731109218x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Carvalho Figueiredo A, Clement CC, Philipp M, Barbosa Pereira PJ. Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic characterization of three peptidic inhibitors in complex with α-thrombin. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2011; 67:54-8. [PMID: 21206024 PMCID: PMC3079972 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309110043472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The serine protease thrombin plays a major role in thrombosis and haemostasis. This has driven interest in thrombin inhibitors as potential antithrombotic drugs. Here, the crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human α-thrombin in complex with three noncovalent peptide inhibitors of the general sequence D-Phe-Pro-D-Arg-P1'-CONH2 are reported. The crystals belonged to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and diffracted to beyond 1.3 Å resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carvalho Figueiredo
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C. Clement
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College and Biochemistry Program, CUNY Graduate School, New York, NY 10036, USA
| | - Manfred Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College and Biochemistry Program, CUNY Graduate School, New York, NY 10036, USA
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Adams NG, Adekambi T, Afeltra J, Aguado J, Aires de Sousa M, Akiyoshi K, Al Hasan M, Ala-Kokko T, Albert M, Alfandari S, Allen D, Allerberger F, Almyroudis N, Alp E, Amin R, Anderson-Berry A, Andes DR, Andremont A, Andreu A, Angelakis M, Antachopoulos C, Antoniadou A, Arabatzis M, Arlet G, Arnez M, Arnold C, Asensio A, Asseray N, Ausiello C, Avni T, Ayling R, Baddour L, Baguelin M, Bányai K, Barbour A, Basco LK, Bauer D, Bayston R, Beall B, Becker K, Behr M, Bejon P, Belliot G, Benito-Fernandez J, Benjamin D, Benschop K, Berencsi G, Bergeron MG, Bernard K, Berner R, Beyersmann J, Bille J, Bizzini A, Bjarnsholt T, Blanc D, Blanco J, Blot S, Bohnert J, Boillat N, Bonomo R, Bonten M, Bordon JM, Borel N, Boschiroli ML, Bosilkovski M, Bosso JA, Botelho-Nevers E, Bou G, Bretagne S, Brouqui P, Brun-Buisson C, Brunetto M, Bucher H, Buchheidt D, Buckling A, Bulpa P, Cambau E, Canducci F, Cantón R, Capobianchi M, Carattoli A, Carcopino X, Cardona-Castro N, Carling PC, Carrat F, Castilla J, Castilletti C, Cavaco L, Cavallo R, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Centrón D, Chappuis F, Charrel R, Chen M, Chevaliez S, Chezzi C, Chomel B, Chowers M, Chryssanthou E, Ciammaruconi A, Ciccozzi M, Cid J, Ciofu O, Cisneros D, Ciufolini MG, Clark C, Clarke SC, Clayton R, Clementi M, Clemons K, Cloeckaert A, Cloud J, Coenye T, Cohen Bacri S, Cohen R, Coia J, Colombo A, Colson P, Concerse P, Cordonnier C, Cormican M, Cornaglia G, Cornely O, Costa S, Cots F, Craxi A, Creti R, Crnich C, Cuenca Estrella M, Cusi MG, d'Ettorre G, da Cruz Lamas C, Daikos G, Dannaoui E, De Barbeyrac B, De Grazia S, de Jager C, de Lamballerie X, de Marco F, del Palacio A, Delpeyroux F, Denamur E, Denis O, Depaquit J, Deplano A, Desenclos JC, Desjeux P, Deutch S, Di Luca D, Dianzani F, Diep B, Diestra K, Dignani C, Dimopoulos G, Divizia M, Doi Y, Dornbusch HJ, Dotis J, Drancourt M, Drevinek P, Dromer F, Dryden M, Dubreuil L, Dubus JC, Dumitrescu O, Dumke R, DuPont H, Edelstein M, Eggimann P, Eis-Huebinger AM, El Atrouni WI, Entenza J, Ergonul O, Espinel-Ingroff A, Esteban J, Etienne J, Fan XG, Fenollar F, Ferrante P, Ferrieri P, Ferry T, Feuchtinger T, Finegold S, Fingerle V, Fitch M, Fitzgerald R, Flori P, Fluit A, Fontana R, Fournier PE, François M, Francois P, Freedman DO, Friedrich A, Gallego L, Gallinella G, Gangneux JP, Gannon V, Garbarg-Chenon A, Garbino J, Garnacho-Montero J, Gatermann S, Gautret P, Gentile G, Gerlich W, Ghannoum M, Ghebremedhin B, Ghigo E, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Girgis R, Giske C, Glupczynski Y, Gnarpe J, Gomez-Barrena E, Gorwitz RJ, Gosselin R, Goubau P, Gould E, Gradel K, Gray J, Gregson D, Greub G, Grijalva CG, Groll A, Groschup M, Gutiérrez J, Hackam DG, Hall WA, Hallett R, Hansen S, Harbarth S, Harf-Monteil C, Hasanjani RMR, Hasler P, Hatchette T, Hauser P, He Q, Hedges A, Helbig J, Hennequin C, Herrmann B, Hezode C, Higgins P, Hoesli I, Hoiby N, Hope W, Houvinen P, Hsu LY, Huard R, Humphreys H, Icardi M, Imoehl M, Ivanova K, Iwamoto T, Izopet J, Jackson Y, Jacobsen K, Jang TN, Jasir A, Jaulhac B, Jaureguy F, Jefferies JM, Jehl F, Johnstone J, Joly-Guillou ML, Jonas M, Jones M, Joukhadar C, Kahl B, Kaier K, Kaiser L, Kato H, Katragkou A, Kearns A, Kern W, Kerr K, Kessin R, Kibbler C, Kimberlin D, Kittang B, Klaassen C, Kluytmans J, Ko WC, Koh WJ, Kostrzewa M, Kourbeti I, Krause R, Krcmery V, Krizova P, Kuijper E, Kullberg BJ, Kumar G, Kunin CM, La Scola B, Lagging M, Lagrou K, Lamagni T, Landini P, Landman D, Larsen A, Lass-Floerl C, Laupland K, Lavigne JP, Leblebicioglu H, Lee B, Lee CH, Leggat P, Lehours P, Leibovici L, Leon L, Leonard N, Leone M, Lescure X, Lesprit P, Levy PY, Lew D, Lexau CA, Li SY, Li W, Lieberman D, Lina B, Lina G, Lindsay JA, Livermore D, Lorente L, Lortholary O, Lucet JC, Lund B, Lütticken R, MacLeod C, Madhi S, Maertens J, Maggi F, Maiden M, Maillard JY, Maira-Litran T, Maltezou H, Manian FA, Mantadakis E, Maragakis L, Marcelin AG, Marchaim D, Marchetti O, Marcos M, Markotic A, Martina B, Martínez J, Martinez JL, Marty F, Maurin M, McGee L, Mediannikov O, Meersseman W, Megraud F, Meletiadis J, Mellmann A, Meyer E, Meyer W, Meylan P, Michalopoulos A, Micol R, Midulla F, Mikami Y, Miller RF, Miragaia M, Miriagou V, Mitchell TJ, Miyakis S, Mokrousov I, Monecke S, Mönkemüller K, Monno L, Monod M, Morales G, Moriarty F, Morosini I, Mortensen E, Mubarak K, Mueller B, Mühlemann K, Muñoz Bellido JL, Murray P, Muscillo M, Mylotte J, Naessens A, Nagy E, Nahm MH, Nassif X, Navarro D, Navarro F, Neofytos D, Nes I, Ní Eidhin D, Nicolle L, Niederman MS, Nigro G, Nimmo G, Nordmann P, Nougairède A, Novais A, Nygard K, Oliveira D, Orth D, Ortiz JR, Osherov N, Österblad M, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Pagano L, Palamara AT, Pallares R, Panagopoulou P, Pandey P, Panepinto J, Pappas G, Parkins M, Parola P, Pasqualotto A, Pasteran F, Paul M, Pawlotsky JM, Peeters M, Peixe L, Pepin J, Peralta G, Pereyre S, Perfect JR, Petinaki E, Petric M, Pettigrew M, Pfaller M, Philipp M, Phillips G, Pichichero M, Pierangeli A, Pierard D, Pigrau C, Pilishvili T, Pinto F, Pistello M, Pitout J, Poirel L, Poli G, Poppert S, Posfay-Barbe K, Pothier P, Poxton I, Poyart C, Pozzetto B, Pujol M, Pulcini C, Punyadeera C, Ramirez M, Ranque S, Raoult D, Rasigade JP, Re MC, Reilly JS, Reinert R, Renaud B, Rice L, Rich S, Richet H, Rigouts L, Riva E, Rizzo C, Robotham J, Rodicio MR, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez-Bano J, Rogier C, Roilides E, Rolain JM, Rooijakkers S, Rooney P, Rossi F, Rotimi V, Rottman M, Roux V, Ruhe J, Russo G, Sadowy E, Sagel U, Said SI, Saijo M, Sak B, Sa-Leao R, Sanders EAM, Sanguinetti M, Sarrazin C, Savelkoul P, Scheifele D, Schmidt WP, Schønheyder H, Schönrich G, Schrenzel J, Schubert S, Schwarz K, Schwarz S, Sefton A, Segondy M, Seifert H, Seng P, Senneville E, Sexton D, Shafer RW, Shalit I, Shankar N, Shata TM, Shields J, Sibley C, Sicinschi L, Siljander T, Simitsopoulou M, Simoons-Smit AM, Sissoko D, Sjögren J, Skiada A, Skoczynska A, Skov R, Slack M, Sogaard M, Sola C, Soriano A, Sotto A, Sougakoff W, Sougakoff W, Souli M, Spelberg B, Spelman D, Spiliopoulou I, Springer B, Stefani S, Stein A, Steinbach WJ, Steinbakk M, Strakova L, Strenger V, Sturm P, Sullivan P, Sutton D, Symmons D, Tacconelli E, Tamalet C, Tang JW, Tang YW, Tattevin P, Thibault V, Thomsen RW, Thuny F, Tong S, Torres C, Townsend R, Tristan A, Trouillet JL, Tsai HC, Tsitsopoulos P, Tuerlinckx D, Tulkens P, Tumbarello M, Tureen J, Turnidge JD, Turriziani O, Tutuian R, Uçkay I, Upton M, Vabret A, Vamvakas EC, van den Boom D, Van Eldere J, van Leeuwen W, van Strijp J, Van Veen S, Vandamme P, Vandenesch F, Vayssier M, Velin D, Venditti M, Venter M, Venuti A, Vergnaud G, Verheij T, Verhofstede C, Viscoli C, Vizza CD, Vogel U, Waller A, Wang YF, Warn P, Warris A, Wauters G, Weidmann M, Weill FX, Weinberger M, Welch D, Wellinghausen N, Wheat J, Widmer A, Wild F, Willems R, Willinger B, Winstanley C, Witte W, Wolff M, Wong F, Wootton M, Wyllie D, Xu W, Yamamoto S, Yaron S, Yildirim I, Zaoutis T, Zazzi M, Zbinden R, Zehender GG, Zemlickova H, Zerbini ML, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhao YD, Zhu Z, Zimmerli W. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF REVIEWERS. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03428.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sanctuary R, Philipp M, Kieffer J, Müller U, Possart W, Krüger JK. Trans-interfacial polymerization and matter transport processes in epoxy-alumina nanocomposites visualized by scanning Brillouin microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:8396-404. [PMID: 20521803 DOI: 10.1021/jp101932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural developments in the vicinity of the interface between the reactants of an epoxy are investigated using time- and space-resolved scanning Brillouin microscopy. The hypersonic profile across the phase boundary evolves with strong spatial asymmetry and exhibits erratic behavior within the resin-rich region, which is attributed to a complex interplay between matter transport, dissolution, polymerization, and molecular unravelling process. The presence of alumina nanoparticles in the resin changes the character of these matter transport and reaction processes significantly. On the one hand, the nanoparticles act as transport barriers, hindering the mixing of the reactive components; on the other hand they seem to have a catalytic influence on the epoxy polymerization under certain circumstances. Their transport against gravity is tentatively attributed to gradients in surface tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sanctuary
- Laboratoire de Physique des Materiaux, University of Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
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Philipp M, Pollack RM, Bender ML. Influence of Leaving-Group Electronic Effect on alpha-Chymotrypsin: Catalytic Constants of Specific Substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 70:517-20. [PMID: 16592059 PMCID: PMC433295 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.70.2.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rate constants and binding constants for the alpha-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of N-acetyltyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine anilides are presented. Both k(cat) and K(m) are independent of electronic effects in the substrate over a range of 9.8 orders of magnitude (as measured by pK of the leaving group). Similarly, K(m) is independent of charge and orientation about the alpha-carbon for various substrates and pseudo-substrates. These results are not consistent with the pretransition state protonation hypothesis; instead, they are discussed in terms of a tetrahedral intermediate that is thermodynamically less stable than the Michaelis complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philipp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201
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Sánchez-Vilas J, Philipp M, Retuerto R. Unexpectedly high genetic variation in large unisexual clumps of the subdioecious plant Honckenya peploides (Caryophyllaceae). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2010; 12:518-525. [PMID: 20522189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Honckenya peploides is a subdioecious dune plant that reproduces both sexually and by clonal growth. In northwest Spain this species was found to exhibit an extreme spatial segregation of the sexes, and our objective was to investigate genetic variation in unisexual clumps. Genetic variation was studied in six unisexual clumps of H. peploides, three of them exclusively composed of males and three exclusively female. In total, 193 samples were analysed using isozyme analysis and 80 samples were analysed using two AFLP primer combinations. Both techniques revealed considerably high genetic diversity (average proportion of distinguishable genotypes: 0.22 for isozymes and 0.36 for AFLP; average Simpson's D: 0.65 for isozymes and 0.68 for AFLP). Our results show that, in spite of clonal growth, each unisexual clump consists of different genotypes. Genetic diversity within clumps is similar for both sexual morphs. Reasons for unisexuality of the clumps are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sánchez-Vilas
- Area de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Avda. Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Clement CC, Philipp M. Structure based design and structure activity relationship of new reversible peptides inhibitors of thrombin derived from D‐Phe‐Pro‐Arg substrate peptide. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.907.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Riobóo RJ, Philipp M, Ramos MA, Krüger JK. Concentration and temperature dependence of the refractive index of ethanol-water mixtures: influence of intermolecular interactions. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2009; 30:19-26. [PMID: 19730906 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2009-10496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The temperature and concentration dependence of the refractive index, nD(x, T), in ethanol-water mixtures agrees with previous data in the ethanol-rich concentration range. The refractive index versus concentration x determined at 20 degrees C shows the expected maximum at about 41 mol% water (22 mass% water). The temperature derivative of the refractive index, dnD/dT, shows anomalies at lower water concentrations at about 10 mol% water but no anomaly at 41 mol% water. Both anomalies are related to intermolecular interactions, the one in nD seems to be due to molecular segregation and cluster formation while the origin of the second one in dnD/dT is still not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Riobóo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (C.S.I.C.), Campus de Cantoblanco, E-28049-Madrid, Spain.
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Rabanus D, Graf UU, Philipp M, Ricken O, Stutzki J, Vowinkel B, Wiedner MC, Walther C, Fischer M, Faist J. Phase locking of a 1.5 Terahertz quantum cascade laser and use as a local oscillator in a heterodyne HEB receiver. Opt Express 2009; 17:1159-1168. [PMID: 19188942 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate for the first time the closure of an electronic phase lock loop for a continuous-wave quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 1.5 THz. The QCL is operated in a closed cycle cryo cooler. We achieved a frequency stability of better than 100 Hz, limited by the resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyser. The PLL electronics make use of the intermediate frequency (IF) obtained from a hot electron bolometer (HEB) which is downconverted to a PLL IF of 125 MHz. The coarse selection of the longitudinal mode and the fine tuning is achieved via the bias voltage of the QCL. Within a QCL cavity mode, the free-running QCL shows frequency fluctuations of about 5 MHz, which the PLL circuit is able to control via the Stark-shift of the QCL gain material. Temperature dependent tuning is shown to be nonlinear, and of the order of -16 MHz/K. Additionally we have used the QCL as local oscillator (LO) to pump an HEB and perform, again for the first time at 1.5 THz, a heterodyne experiment, and obtain a receiver noise temperature of 1741 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rabanus
- European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile.
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Sanctuary R, Baller J, Zielinski B, Becker N, Krüger JK, Philipp M, Müller U, Ziehmer M. Influence of Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles on the isothermal cure of an epoxy resin. J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:035118. [PMID: 21817276 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/3/035118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The influence of Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles on the curing of an epoxy thermoset based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A was investigated using temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) and rheology. Diethylene triamine was used as a hardener. TMDSC not only allows for a systematic study of the kinetics of cure but simultaneously gives access to the evolution of the specific heat capacities of the thermosets. The technique thus provides insight into the glass transition behaviour of the nanocomposites and hence makes it possible to shed some light on the interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymer matrix. The Al(2)O(3) fillers are shown to accelerate the growth of macromolecules upon isothermal curing. Several mechanisms which possibly could be responsible for the acceleration are described. As a result of the faster network growth chemical vitrification occurs at earlier times in the filled thermosets and the specific reaction heat decreases with increasing nanoparticle concentration. Rheologic measurements of the zero-shear viscosity confirm the faster growth of the macromolecules in the presence of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sanctuary
- University of Luxembourg, 162a avenue de la Faïencerie, L-1511, Luxembourg
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Philipp M, Vergnat C, Müller U, Sanctuary R, Baller J, Possart W, Alnot P, Krüger JK. Second order elasticity at hypersonic frequencies of reactive polyurethanes as seen by generalized Cauchy relations. J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:035106. [PMID: 21817265 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/3/035106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The non-equilibrium process of polymerization of reactive polymers can be accompanied by transition phenomena like gelation or the chemical glass transition. The sensitivity of the mechanical properties at hypersonic frequencies-including the generalized Cauchy relation-to these transition phenomena is studied for three different polyurethanes using Brillouin spectroscopy. As for epoxies, the generalized Cauchy relation surprisingly holds true for the non-equilibrium polymerization process and for the temperature dependence of polyurethanes. Neither the sol-gel transition nor the chemical and thermal glass transitions are visible in the representation of the generalized Cauchy relation. Taking into account the new results and combining them with general considerations about the elastic properties of the isotropic state, an improved physical foundation of the generalized Cauchy relation is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philipp
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, Université du Luxembourg, 162A, avenue de la Faïencerie, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Müller U, Philipp M, Bactavatchalou R, Sanctuary R, Baller J, Zielinski B, Possart W, Alnot P, Krüger JK. Chemically induced transition phenomena in polyurethanes as seen from generalized mode Grüneisen parameters. J Phys Condens Matter 2008; 20:205101. [PMID: 21694282 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/20/205101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Many phenomenological properties of reactive polymers like polyurethanes increase or decrease continuously in the course of the curing process before saturating at the end of the chemical reaction. This holds true for instance for the mass density, the refractive index, the chemical turnover and the hypersonic properties. The reason for this monotone behaviour is that the chemical reaction behaves like a continuous succession of irreversible phase transitions. These transitions are superposed by the sol-gel transition and possibly by the chemically induced glass transition, with the drawback that the latter two highlighted transitions are often hidden by the underlying curing process. In this work we propose generalized mode Grüneisen parameters as an alternative probe for elucidating the polymerization process itself and the closely related transition phenomena. As a model system we use polyurethane composed of a diisocyanate and varying ratios of difunctional and trifunctional alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Müller
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, Université du Luxembourg, 162A, Avenue de la Faïencerie, L-1115, Luxembourg. Laboratoire Européen de Recherche, Universitaire Saarland-Lorraine, Luxembourg
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Maier W, Philipp M. Improving the Assessment of Severity of Depressive States: A Reduction of the Hamilton Depression Scale. Pharmacopsychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1017335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Philipp M, Maier W. Operational Diagnosis of Endogenous Depression. I. Comparison with Clinical Diagnosis. Pharmacopsychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1017334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Clement CC, Babinska A, Kornecki E, Ehrlich YH, Philipp M. Peptides Inhibitors of F11R/JAM‐A Adhesion Molecules. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.651.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corina Clement
- PathologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY
- ChemistryLehman CollegeCity University of New YorkBronxNY
| | - Anna Babinska
- Anatomy and Cell BiologySUNY Downstate Medical CenterBrooklynNY
| | | | - Yigal H Ehrlich
- NeuroscienceCollege of Staten IslandCity University of New YorkStaten IslandNY
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Philipp M, Gervais PC, Sanctuary R, Mueller U, Baller J, Wetzel B, Krueger JK. Effect of mixing sequence on the curing of amine-hardened epoxy/ alumina nanocomposites as assessed by optical refractometry. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kiaer LP, Philipp M, Jørgensen RB, Hauser TP. Genealogy, morphology and fitness of spontaneous hybrids between wild and cultivated chicory (Cichorium intybus). Heredity (Edinb) 2007; 99:112-20. [PMID: 17473868 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop species are known to hybridize spontaneously with wild relatives, but few studies have characterized the performance of hybrids at various genealogies, life stages and environments. A group of cultivar-like individuals and potential hybrids were observed in a roadside population of wild chicory plants in Denmark. Seeds were collected from all reproductive plants and grown in a common garden experiment, and their morphological and genetic compositions were analysed. Intermediate plants were identified as hybrids and comprised various backcross and F(n) combinations. A genotypic hybrid index (HI), spanning from wild-like to cultivar-like, was highly correlated to a morphological index. Plant survival, growth and reproduction were evaluated and compared to the genotypic HI. Overall, cultivar-like and intermediate plants grew larger than wild-like plants, flowered longer, and produced more flowers and seeds. The common garden included a nutrient gradient. At higher nutrient levels, intermediate and cultivar-like plants produced more flowers and seeds than wild-like plants, whereas this effect was less pronounced at lower nutrient levels. During winter, small rodents consumed roots of cultivar-like and intermediate plants preferentially. Thus, cultivated and wild chicory are able to hybridize spontaneously, producing hybrid offspring of several generations that may reproduce more effectively than their wild parent, but herbivory and poor environmental conditions may negatively affect their fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Kiaer
- Biosystems Department, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
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Myers TA, Nickerson C, Bentrup KHZ, Philipp M. Closing the Phenotypic Gap between Transformed Neuronal Cell Lines in Culture and Untransformed Neurons. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.lb66-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tereance Alixandre Myers
- Div Bact & ParasitTNPRC18703 Three Rivers RdCovingtonLA70433
- Prgm Mol & Cell BiolSch of Med, TUHSC1430 Tulane AveN.O.LA70112
| | - C. Nickerson
- Ctr for Inf Diseases & VaccinologyBioDesign Inst ASUPO Box 875401TempeAZ85287
| | | | - M Philipp
- Div Bact & ParasitTNPRC18703 Three Rivers RdCovingtonLA70433
- Dept Microbiol & ImmSch of Med, TUHSC1430 Tulane AveN.O.LA70112
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Babinska
- Anatomy and Cell BiologySUNYDown State Medical Center450 Clarkson AveBrooklynNY11203
| | - Manfred Philipp
- ChemistryCity University of New York Lehman College250 Bedford Park BLVDBronxNY10468
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Bactavatchalou R, Alnot P, Bailer J, Kolle M, Müller U, Philipp M, Possart W, Rouxel D, Sanctuary R, Tschöpe A, Vergnat C, Wetzel B, Krüger JK. The generalized Cauchy relation: a probe for local structure in materials with isotropic symmetry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/40/1/014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
A 18-month-old female Bernese Mountain Dog with chronic pain at jumping, extension of the right hind leg and paresis of the tail was referred to the Neurological Service of the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Zurich. Upon radiological examination a mineralised fragment at the dorsal aspect of the endplate of S1 was detected. The diagnosis of Osteochondrosis dissecans was confirmed by linear and computed tomography as well as histologic examination of the fragment, which was surgically removed. Preoperative imaging allowed a minimal surgical approach using a unilateral, modified dorsal laminectomy. Outcome was evaluated by neurological reevaluation and a CT scan performed 6 months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Michal
- Klinik für Kleintierchirurgie, Universität Zürich.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to describe and discuss first experiences with multidetector CT (MDCT) in the assessment of traumatized children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Since the implementation of a MDCT scanner in April 2002, 85 children (31 girls, 54 boys with a mean age of 9.2 years) consecutively underwent MDCT (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) with different protocols depending on age, weight, trauma mechanism and clinical presentation. In all patients in whom pathology was suspected, multiplanar reformations (MPR) in coronal and or sagittal orientation was performed. Examinations were evaluated by two radiologists retrospectively and in consensus. RESULTS In 55 (65%) children, a MDCT solely of the head was performed, in 46 there was no pathology found. In six (7%), head and facial bones were scanned. Head and abdomen was examined in two (2%), in two (2%) the abdomen only and in one (1%) the pelvis solely. Scans of the spine were obtained in seven (8%) children. A thorax and abdomen examination only was obtained in one (1%) child each. In 11 (13%) children, a polytrauma protocol was performed. In all patients, the time of examination did not exceed 17 min, including setup time. All children survived at the writing of this report. CONCLUSION MDCT was promising in the management of traumatized children and seems to shorten the necessary time to reach diagnosis and to initiate life-saving treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Hörmann
- Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Abstract
An earlier study of the morphological variation in the circumpolar genus Dryas in Greenland revealed that populations in east Greenland are highly variable and this variation was interpreted as a hybrid zone between D. octopetala and D. integrifolia. It was proposed that populations of Dryas in east Greenland immigrated postglacially from Svalbard. The purpose of our study was to investigate the population structure of the Dryas integrifolia-octopetala complex using a combination of morphological and genetic characters. Populations of Dryas were sampled in Greenland, Svalbard, Iceland and north Scandinavia (Sweden). The morphological traits clearly separated west Greenland from Svalbard, Iceland and north Scandinavia. A large number of individuals from east Greenland and some from north Greenland could be interpreted as hybrids between the morphs. The genetic pattern was, however, partly different as the greatest amount of differentiation among regions was found between west and north Greenland (FRT = 0.65). The highest degree of genetic variation appeared within east Greenland. This was in accordance with the putative hybrid origin of the populations, as concluded based on the morphological results. The total amount of genetic differentiation found among the six regions (FRT = 0.61) was larger than between the two species (FRT = 0.44). The genetic pattern matched the proposed postglacial migration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philipp
- Botanical Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2D, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Hertling I, Philipp M, Dvorak A, Glaser T, Mast O, Beneke M, Ramskogler K, Saletu-Zyhlarz G, Walter H, Lesch OM. Flupenthixol versus risperidone: subjective quality of life as an important factor for compliance in chronic schizophrenic patients. Neuropsychobiology 2003; 47:37-46. [PMID: 12606844 DOI: 10.1159/000068874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this paper was to compare the effects of flupenthixol and risperidone on subjective quality of life and attitude towards medication in chronic schizophrenic patients with mainly negative symptoms. In a spectrum ranging from its typical end "haloperidol" to its atypical end "clozapine", flupenthixol has typical and atypical characteristics. METHODS The effects of flupenthixol versus risperidone were investigated in a multicenter, double-blind trial, whereas subjective quality of life was assessed by means of the EuroQuol-Visual Analogue Scale and the patient satisfaction questionnaire. The attitude towards medication was assessed by means of the Drug Attitude Inventory-30 (DAI-30). RESULTS Mean daily dose of study medication was 6.6 (SD 2.9) mg/day flupenthixol and 3.6 (SD 1.2) mg/day risperidone. Both groups showed a significant improvement regarding subjective quality of life and positive attitude towards medication. Especially the categories "control of their thoughts", concentration and "feeling better in general" ameliorated in both groups. In the flupenthixol group, the "ability to cope with stress", "feel more relaxed" and the "ability to achieve something" improved significantly more than in the risperidone group. CONCLUSIONS (1) The spectrum of schizophrenia can be treated effectively with different neuroleptic treatments. (2) Flupenthixol especially improves the ability to cope with stress, the ability to achieve something and feeling more relaxed. (3) Subjective quality of life significantly increased with no difference between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hertling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Schneider J, Peltri G, Bitterlich N, Philipp M, Velcovsky HG, Morr H, Katz N, Eigenbrodt E. Fuzzy logic-based tumor marker profiles improved sensitivity of the detection of progression in small-cell lung cancer patients. Clin Exp Med 2003; 2:185-91. [PMID: 12624710 DOI: 10.1007/s102380300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor markers were used for disease monitoring in small-cell lung cancer patients. The aim of this study was to improve diagnostic efficiency in the detection of tumor progression in small-cell lung cancer patients by using fuzzy logic modeling in combination with a tumor marker panel (NSE, ProGRP, Tumor M2-PK, CYFRA 21-1, and CEA). Thirty-three consecutive small-cell lung cancer patients were included in a prospective study. The changes in blood levels of tumor markers and their analysis by fuzzy logic modeling were compared with the clinical evaluation of response versus non-response to therapy. Clinical monitoring was performed according to the standard criteria of the WHO. Tumor M2-PK was measured in plasma with an ELISA, all other markers were measured in sera. At 90% specificity, clinically detected tumor progression was found by the best single marker, NSE, in 32% of all cases. A fuzzy logic rule-based system employing a tumor marker panel increased the sensitivity significantly (P>0.0001) in small-cell carcinomas to 67% with the threemarker combination NSE/ProGRP/Tumor M2-PK and to 56% with the best two-marker combination ProGRP/Tumor M2-PK, respectively. An improvement of sensitivity was also observed using the two-marker combination of ProGRP/NSE (sensitivity 49%) or NSE/Tumor M2-PK (sensitivity 52%). The fuzzy classifier was able to detect a higher rate of progression in small-cell lung cancer patients compared with the multiple logistic regression analysis using the marker combination NSE/ProGRP/Tumor M2-PK (sensitivity 44%; AUC=0.76). With the fuzzy logic method and different tumor marker panels (NSE, ProGRP and Tumor M2-PK), a new diagnostic tool for the detection of progression in patients with small-cell lung cancer is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schneider
- Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Aulweg 129/III, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
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Al-Fakhri N, Linhart RE, Philipp M, Heidt M, Hehrlein FW, Gardemann A, Katz N. Endothelin-1 and vasopressin plasma levels are not associated with the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the human angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene in patients with coronary artery disease. J Hum Hypertens 2003; 17:133-8. [PMID: 12574792 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate whether the renin-angiotensin (RA) system and related peptides endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vasopressin (VP) influence the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism has been associated with the risk of CAD. The ACE I/D polymorphism determines ACE activity, but plasma levels of other RA system components remain unchanged. However, ET-1 and VP production could be increased by RA system-dependent stimulation, continually promoted by paracrine stimulation and sustained by neointimal growth. ET-1 and VP have not been associated with the ACE I/D polymorphism so far. The present study investigated the association of the ACE I/D polymorphism with plasma concentrations of ET-1 and VP, as well as with renin, angiotensin-II (AT-II) and ACE activity in 98 Caucasian individuals with CAD. ACE I/D polymorphism showed no association with plasma levels of VP, ET-1, AT-II or renin. These parameters were also not associated taking into consideration different patient variables, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension or severity of CAD. Only plasma ACE activity was associated with the D allele. In conclusion, the ACE I/D polymorphism could not be related to plasma concentrations of VP, ET-1, renin or AT-II, but as previously demonstrated, it could only be related to ACE activity in patients with CAD. Differences in ACE activity between ACE I/D genotype subgroups are probably compensated within the RA system itself or within non-ACE pathways, so that plasma concentrations of the related peptides ET-1 and VP remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Al-Fakhri
- Instritute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Justus Liebig University, Gaffkystrasse 11, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Grabow N, Schmohl K, Philipp M, Khosravi A, Stamm C, Fahle C, Steinhoff G, Schmitz KP. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF HYBRID COMPOSITE HEART VALVES AFTER CYCLIC MECHANICAL LOADING. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2003. [DOI: 10.1515/bmte.2003.48.s1.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND During recent years increasing numbers of intravenous drug addicts with severe damage to the groin vessels were examined in our angiological ultrasound laboratory. The value of color duplex sonography for the clinical evaluation of these findings is the subject of the present study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Over the course of six years every drug addict admitted to our hospital who either complained of pain or discomfort in the inguinal region or showed conspicuous clinical findings in this area was examined in our ultrasound laboratory. First by B-mode, the diameter, wall structure and compressibility of the vessels were evaluated and the surrounding tissue was checked for abnormalities. Then the blood flow of the femoral vessels was examined by color coded duplex. If an abscess was suspected, a computed tomography of the groin was obtained before surgery in most cases. RESULTS A total number of 77 patients was examined with pathologic results in all cases. The most frequent finding was venous thrombosis: In 63 patients complete thrombotic occlusion of the femoral vein at the injection site was observed. We registered 14 partial thromboses. 30 patients showed vessel wall alterations to variable extents in which 23 cases referred to veins and 10 cases to arteries. 7 patients showed an occlusion of the femoral artery. In 4 patients we found a false aneurysm and 3 had an arteriovenous fistula. Chronic tissue alterations were present to a certain extent in all cases rendering evaluation frequently difficult. Especially problematic to evaluation were those 34 patients where one or more surgical interventions had been performed previously. The results of an additional computed tomography had little effect on the therapeutic decisions. In 11 patients an abscess incision had to be done during the course of their hospital stay. CONCLUSION Extensive damage of the groin vessels is seen in i.v. drug addicts. There is no other patient group with such a diversity of different findings. In almost every case these findings involve veins and arteries as well as the surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schulz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Am Urban, Berlin, Germany.
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