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Ramírez E, Jara N, Ferrada L, Salazar K, Martínez F, Oviedo MJ, Tereszczuk J, Ramírez-Carbonell S, Vollmann-Zwerenz A, Hau P, Nualart F. Glioblastoma Invasiveness and Collagen Secretion Are Enhanced by Vitamin C. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:538-559. [PMID: 35166128 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors. These tumors modify their metabolism, increasing the expression of glucose transporters, GLUTs, which incorporate glucose and the oxidized form of vitamin C, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA). We hypothesized that GB cells preferentially take up DHA, which is intracellularly reduced and compartmentalized into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), promoting collagen biosynthesis and an aggressive phenotype. Results: Our results showed that GB cells take up DHA using GLUT1, while GLUT3 and sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2) are preferably intracellular. Using a baculoviral system and reticulum-enriched extracts, we determined that SVCT2 is mainly located in the ER and corresponds to a short isoform. Ascorbic acid (AA) was compartmentalized, stimulating collagen IV secretion and increasing in vitro and in situ cell migration. Finally, orthotopic xenografts induced in immunocompetent guinea pigs showed that vitamin C deficiency retained collagen, reduced blood vessel invasion, and affected glomeruloid vasculature formation, all pathological conditions associated with malignancy. Innovation and Conclusion: We propose a functional role for vitamin C in GB development and progression. Vitamin C is incorporated into the ER of GB cells, where it favors the synthesis of collagen, thus impacting tumor development. Collagen secreted by tumor cells favors the formation of the glomeruloid vasculature and enhances perivascular invasion. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 538-559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Ramírez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Nery Jara
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Luciano Ferrada
- Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO-BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Katterine Salazar
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO-BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - María José Oviedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Joanna Tereszczuk
- Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO-BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Sebastián Ramírez-Carbonell
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Arabel Vollmann-Zwerenz
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO-BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
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Baeza V, Cifuentes M, Martínez F, Ramírez E, Nualart F, Ferrada L, Oviedo MJ, De Lima I, Troncoso N, Saldivia N, Salazar K. IIIG9 inhibition in adult ependymal cells changes adherens junctions structure and induces cellular detachment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18537. [PMID: 34535732 PMCID: PMC8448829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ependymal cells have multiple apical cilia that line the ventricular surfaces and the central canal of spinal cord. In cancer, the loss of ependymal cell polarity promotes the formation of different types of tumors, such as supratentorial anaplastic ependymomas, which are highly aggressive in children. IIIG9 (PPP1R32) is a protein restricted to adult ependymal cells located in cilia and in the apical cytoplasm and has unknown function. In this work, we studied the expression and localization of IIIG9 in the adherens junctions (cadherin/β-catenin-positive junctions) of adult brain ependymal cells using confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Through in vivo loss-of-function studies, ependymal denudation (single-dose injection experiments of inhibitory adenovirus) was observed, inducing the formation of ependymal cells with a "balloon-like" morphology. These cells had reduced cadherin expression (and/or delocalization) and cleavage of the cell death marker caspase-3, with "cilia rigidity" morphology (probably vibrational beating activity) and ventriculomegaly occurring prior to these events. Finally, after performing continuous infusions of adenovirus for 14 days, we observed total cell denudation and reactive parenchymal astrogliosis. Our data confirmed that IIIG9 is essential for the maintenance of adherens junctions of polarized ependymal cells. Eventually, altered levels of this protein in ependymal cell differentiation may increase ventricular pathologies, such as hydrocephalus or neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Baeza
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Manuel Cifuentes
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
- Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Eder Ramírez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIOBIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Luciano Ferrada
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIOBIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - María José Oviedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Isabelle De Lima
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Ninoschka Troncoso
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Natalia Saldivia
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Katterine Salazar
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile.
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIOBIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.
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Salazar K, Martínez F, Pérez-Martín M, Cifuentes M, Trigueros L, Ferrada L, Espinoza F, Saldivia N, Bertinat R, Forman K, Oviedo MJ, López-Gambero AJ, Bonansco C, Bongarzone ER, Nualart F. SVCT2 Expression and Function in Reactive Astrocytes Is a Common Event in Different Brain Pathologies. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5439-5452. [PMID: 28942474 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA), the reduced form of vitamin C, acts as a neuroprotector by eliminating free radicals in the brain. Sodium/vitamin C co-transporter isoform 2 (SVCT2) mediates uptake of AA by neurons. It has been reported that SVCT2 mRNA is induced in astrocytes under ischemic damage, suggesting that its expression is enhanced in pathological conditions. However, it remains to be established if SVCT expression is altered in the presence of reactive astrogliosis generated by different brain pathologies. In the present work, we demonstrate that SVCT2 expression is increased in astrocytes present at sites of neuroinflammation induced by intracerebroventricular injection of a GFP-adenovirus or the microbial enzyme, neuraminidase. A similar result was observed at 5 and 10 days after damage in a model of traumatic injury and in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in the in vivo kindling model of epilepsy. Furthermore, we defined that cortical astrocytes maintained in culture for long periods acquire markers of reactive gliosis and express SVCT2, in a similar way as previously observed in situ. Finally, by means of second harmonic generation and 2-photon fluorescence imaging, we analyzed brain necropsied material from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which presented with an accumulation of amyloid plaques. Strikingly, although AD is characterized by focalized astrogliosis surrounding amyloid plaques, SVCT2 expression at the astroglial level was not detected. We conclude that SVCT2 is heterogeneously induced in reactive astrogliosis generated in different pathologies affecting the central nervous system (CNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katterine Salazar
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Margarita Pérez-Martín
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Malaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Cifuentes
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Malaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trigueros
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Malaga, Spain
| | - Luciano Ferrada
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Francisca Espinoza
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Natalia Saldivia
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Romina Bertinat
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Katherine Forman
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - María José Oviedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Antonio J López-Gambero
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Malaga, Spain
| | - Christian Bonansco
- Centro de Neurobiología y Plasticidad Cerebral (CNPC), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Gran Bretaña Avenida 1111, 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. .,Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile.
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