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Fuentes MMPB, Santos AJB, Abreu-Grobois A, Briseño-Dueñas R, Al-Khayat J, Hamza S, Saliba S, Anderson D, Rusenko KW, Mitchell NJ, Gammon M, Bentley BP, Beton D, Booth DTB, Broderick AC, Colman LP, Snape RTE, Calderon-Campuzano MF, Cuevas E, Lopez-Castro MC, Flores-Aguirre CD, Mendez de la Cruz F, Segura-Garcia Y, Ruiz-Garcia A, Fossette S, Gatto CR, Reina RD, Girondot M, Godfrey M, Guzman-Hernandez V, Hart CE, Kaska Y, Lara PH, Marcovaldi MAGD, LeBlanc AM, Rostal D, Liles MJ, Wyneken J, Lolavar A, Williamson SA, Manoharakrishnan M, Pusapati C, Chatting M, Mohd Salleh S, Patricio AR, Regalla A, Restrepo J, Garcia R, Santidrián Tomillo P, Sezgin C, Shanker K, Tapilatu F, Turkozan O, Valverde RA, Williams K, Yilmaz C, Tolen N, Nel R, Tucek J, Legouvello D, Rivas ML, Gaspar C, Touron M, Genet Q, Salmon M, Araujo MR, Freire JB, Castheloge VD, Jesus PR, Ferreira PD, Paladino FV, Montero-Flores D, Sozbilen D, Monsinjon JR. Adaptation of sea turtles to climate warming: Will phenological responses be sufficient to counteract changes in reproductive output? Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e16991. [PMID: 37905464 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sea turtles are vulnerable to climate change since their reproductive output is influenced by incubating temperatures, with warmer temperatures causing lower hatching success and increased feminization of embryos. Their ability to cope with projected increases in ambient temperatures will depend on their capacity to adapt to shifts in climatic regimes. Here, we assessed the extent to which phenological shifts could mitigate impacts from increases in ambient temperatures (from 1.5 to 3°C in air temperatures and from 1.4 to 2.3°C in sea surface temperatures by 2100 at our sites) on four species of sea turtles, under a "middle of the road" scenario (SSP2-4.5). Sand temperatures at sea turtle nesting sites are projected to increase from 0.58 to 4.17°C by 2100 and expected shifts in nesting of 26-43 days earlier will not be sufficient to maintain current incubation temperatures at 7 (29%) of our sites, hatching success rates at 10 (42%) of our sites, with current trends in hatchling sex ratio being able to be maintained at half of the sites. We also calculated the phenological shifts that would be required (both backward for an earlier shift in nesting and forward for a later shift) to keep up with present-day incubation temperatures, hatching success rates, and sex ratios. The required shifts backward in nesting for incubation temperatures ranged from -20 to -191 days, whereas the required shifts forward ranged from +54 to +180 days. However, for half of the sites, no matter the shift the median incubation temperature will always be warmer than the 75th percentile of current ranges. Given that phenological shifts will not be able to ameliorate predicted changes in temperature, hatching success and sex ratio at most sites, turtles may need to use other adaptive responses and/or there is the need to enhance sea turtle resilience to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M P B Fuentes
- Marine Turtle Research, Ecology, and Conservation Group, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - A J B Santos
- Marine Turtle Research, Ecology, and Conservation Group, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - A Abreu-Grobois
- Unidad Academica Mazatlan, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, UNAM, Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - R Briseño-Dueñas
- Unidad Academica Mazatlan, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, UNAM, Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - J Al-Khayat
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - S Hamza
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - S Saliba
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - D Anderson
- Gumbo Limbo Nature Center, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - K W Rusenko
- Gumbo Limbo Nature Center, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - N J Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Gammon
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - B P Bentley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Beton
- Society for Protection of Turtles, Gonyeli, Northern Cyprus
| | - D T B Booth
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - A C Broderick
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - L P Colman
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - R T E Snape
- Society for Protection of Turtles, Gonyeli, Northern Cyprus
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - M F Calderon-Campuzano
- Programa de Protección y Conservación de Tortugas Marinas, Convenio FONATUR-Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología-UNAM, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - E Cuevas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - M C Lopez-Castro
- Pronatura Península de Yucatán, A. C. Programa para la Conservación de la Tortuga Marina, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - C D Flores-Aguirre
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - F Mendez de la Cruz
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Y Segura-Garcia
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Ruiz-Garcia
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - S Fossette
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C R Gatto
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - R D Reina
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Girondot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Godfrey
- North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Beaufort, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - C E Hart
- Centro de Investigaciones Oceánicas del Mar de Cortés-Gran Acuario de Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Mexico
| | - Y Kaska
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - P H Lara
- Fundação Projeto Tamar, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - A M LeBlanc
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - D Rostal
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - M J Liles
- Asociacion ProCosta, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - J Wyneken
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - A Lolavar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - S A Williamson
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - M Chatting
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Mohd Salleh
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - A R Patricio
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Ispa-Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Regalla
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas, Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva (IBAP), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - J Restrepo
- Sea Turtle Conservancy, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - R Garcia
- Sea Turtle Conservancy, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - C Sezgin
- Sea Turtle Research, Rescue and Rehabilitation Center (DEKAMER), Mugla, Turkey
| | - K Shanker
- Dakshin Foundation, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - F Tapilatu
- Research Center of Pacific Marine Resources-University of Papua (UNIPA), Manokwari, Papua Barat, Indonesia
| | - O Turkozan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - R A Valverde
- Sea Turtle Conservancy, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, Louisiana, USA
| | - K Williams
- Caretta Research Project, Savannah, Georgia, USA
| | - C Yilmaz
- Hakkari University, Vocational School of Health Services, Hakkari, Turkey
| | - N Tolen
- Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - R Nel
- Department of Zoology, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - J Tucek
- Department of Zoology, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - D Legouvello
- Department of Zoology, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - M L Rivas
- Department of Biology, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - C Gaspar
- Te Mana O Te Moana, Moorea-Maiao, French Polynesia
| | - M Touron
- Te Mana O Te Moana, Moorea-Maiao, French Polynesia
| | - Q Genet
- Te Mana O Te Moana, Moorea-Maiao, French Polynesia
| | - M Salmon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - M R Araujo
- Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - J B Freire
- Fundação Espírito Santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - P R Jesus
- Econservation Estudos e Projetos Ambientais, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - P D Ferreira
- Departamento de Gemologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - F V Paladino
- Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA
| | | | - D Sozbilen
- Department of Veterinary, Acıpayam Vocational School, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - J R Monsinjon
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Délégation Océan Indien (DOI), Le Port, La Réunion, France
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López-Martínez S, Giménez-Luque E, Molina-Pardo JL, Manzano-Medina S, Arribas-Arias H, Gavara R, Morales-Caselles C, Rivas ML. Corrigendum to 'Plastic ingestion by two cetacean groups: Ziphiidae and Delphinidae' [Environ. Pollut. 333 (2023), 121932]. Environ Pollut 2023; 337:122648. [PMID: 37778190 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafael Gavara
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnologia de Alimentos, CSIC, Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Institute of Marine Science INMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain
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López-Martínez S, Giménez-Luque E, Molina-Pardo JL, Manzano-Medina S, Arribas-Arias H, Gavara R, Morales-Caselles C, L Rivas M. Plastic ingestion by two cetacean groups: Ziphiidae and Delphinidae. Environ Pollut 2023; 333:121932. [PMID: 37336348 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plastic in our environment is having a massive impact on today's marine biota. Whales and dolphins are becoming sentinels of litter pollution as plastic entanglement and ingestion affect them with unknown consequences. Although information exists about this anthropogenic interaction, the compilation of this data on metastudies is difficult due to the use of varied methodologies. A combination of our own data as well as a review of historical data was used to complete an extensive study of how cetaceans are interacting with macro and micro-litter at a global level. Here, we identify the plastic uptake by two cetacean families: Ziphiidae and Delphinidae, thus allowing for a better understanding in order to offer a global overview of their current status. Additionally, analysis was run on the plastic found in the digestive contents of stranded specimens of two Cuvier's beaked whales and fourteen striped dolphins in the Alboran Sea, in the Western Mediterranean, a hotspot for marine megafauna. Out of 623 stranded cetaceans from datasets, beaked whales displayed the highest concentration of macro, meso and microplastic in the Western Pacific Ocean. Regarding striped dolphins, Eastern Spain was the location with the highest plastic ingestion. Moreover, deep divers such as beaked whales ingested more plastic than striped dolphins which could be as a consequence of their feeding behavior or habitat. Thus, this overview provides useful information concerning conservation issues on how cetacean hotspots are highly affected by marine plastic ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafael Gavara
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnologia de Alimentos, CSIC, Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Institute of Marine Science INMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain
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4
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Rivas ML, Rodríguez-Caballero E, Esteban N, Carpio AJ, Barrera-Vilarmau B, Fuentes MMPB, Robertson K, Azanza J, León Y, Ortega Z. Author Correction: Uncertain future for global sea turtle populations in face of sea level rise. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9266. [PMID: 37286754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Marine Research Institute INMAR, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Emilio Rodríguez-Caballero
- Agronomy Department of the University of Almería and Research Centre for Scientific Collections from the University of Almería (CECOUAL), Almería, Spain
| | - Nicole Esteban
- Bioscience Department, Swansea University, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Antonio J Carpio
- SaBio Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Mariana M P B Fuentes
- Marine Turtle Research, Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Katharine Robertson
- Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Yolanda León
- Technological Institute of Santo Domingo INTEC, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Zaida Ortega
- Department of Ecology and Conservation, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Department of Zoology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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5
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Rivas ML, Rodríguez-Caballero E, Esteban N, Carpio AJ, Barrera-Vilarmau B, Fuentes MMPB, Robertson K, Azanza J, León Y, Ortega Z. Uncertain future for global sea turtle populations in face of sea level rise. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5277. [PMID: 37081050 PMCID: PMC10119306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea level rise has accelerated during recent decades, exceeding rates recorded during the previous two millennia, and as a result many coastal habitats and species around the globe are being impacted. This situation is expected to worsen due to anthropogenically induced climate change. However, the magnitude and relevance of expected increase in sea level rise (SLR) is uncertain for marine and terrestrial species that are reliant on coastal habitat for foraging, resting or breeding. To address this, we showcase the use of a low-cost approach to assess the impacts of SLR on sea turtles under various Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) SLR scenarios on different sea turtle nesting rookeries worldwide. The study considers seven sea turtle rookeries with five nesting species, categorized from vulnerable to critically endangered including leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea), loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Our approach combines freely available digital elevation models for continental and remote island beaches across different ocean basins with projections of field data and SLR. Our case study focuses on five of the seven living sea turtle species. Under moderate climate change scenarios, by 2050 it is predicted that at some sea turtle nesting habitats 100% will be flooded, and under an extreme scenario many sea turtle rookeries could vanish. Overall, nesting beaches with low slope and those species nesting at open beaches such as leatherback and loggerheads sea turtles might be the most vulnerable by future SLR scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Marine Research Institute INMAR, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Emilio Rodríguez-Caballero
- Agronomy Department of the University of Almería and Research Centre for Scientific Collections from the University of Almería (CECOUAL), Almería, Spain
| | - Nicole Esteban
- Bioscience Department, Swansea University, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Antonio J Carpio
- SaBio Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Mariana M P B Fuentes
- Marine Turtle Research, Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Katharine Robertson
- Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Yolanda León
- Technological Institute of Santo Domingo INTEC, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Zaida Ortega
- Department of Ecology and Conservation, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Department of Zoology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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López-Martínez S, Perez-Rubín C, Gavara R, Handcock RN, Rivas ML. Presence and implications of plastics in wild commercial fishes in the Alboran Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Sci Total Environ 2022; 850:158025. [PMID: 35973533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plastic in the environment has become a major problem for marine ecosystems. The identification of the global micro and mesoplastic uptake by commercial fish populations may allow for a better understanding of their impact. This study aims to determine the presence and composition of plastic in two pelagic fish (Engraulis encrasicolus and Scomber scombrus) and two demersal species (Scyliorinus canicula and Mullus barbatus) from the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean) to quantify the relationship between plastic prevalence and the environment and feeding behavior in the selected fish species. Samples of these four fish species from sites in the Alboran Sea were studied for ingested plastics. These localized samples were also compared to published values which covered a broader geographical range. Samples from the Alboran Sea study sites showed that the predominant fiber color was black and the predominant plastic polymers were polyethylene and cellulose. At the Alboran Sea study site the highest plastic occurrence was found in S. scombrus, whereas in the published literature the highest occurrence of plastics in digestive tracts was found in E. encrasicolus. The general prevalence of marine plastic pollution and levels of macro- and micro-plastic ingested by commercial fish species in this study support the idea that quantifying plastic presence and composition may be essential to understanding potential impacts on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rebecca N Handcock
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Campus of Excellence of Marine Science CEIMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain.
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Rivas ML, Albion I, Bernal B, Handcock RN, Heatwole SJ, Parrott ML, Piazza KA, Deschaseaux E. The plastic pandemic: COVID-19 has accelerated plastic pollution, but there is a cure. Sci Total Environ 2022; 847:157555. [PMID: 35878850 PMCID: PMC9304335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is now present in all areas of our planet, including its last wilderness, Antarctica, and the plastic crisis has further escalated because of COVID-19. The pandemic has caused a significant increase in the global consumption of single-use protective items such as masks and gloves. These and other plastic items add to the suite of plastic pollution issues, from entanglement of wildlife to microplastic bioaccumulation. Given plastics are a major threat facing humans and wildlife, swift action to reduce plastic pollution is urgently needed. Solutions to plastic pollution are within reach. With collective, impactful action we will ensure a better future for our planet and ourselves. Here, we propose several measures for decision-makers to implement to achieve a solution and tackle plastic pollution as a united, global community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marga L Rivas
- Biology Department, Campus of Excellence of Marine Science (CEIMAR), University of Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Ingrid Albion
- Australian Association for Environmental Education, PO Box 926, Cannington, WA 6987, Australia
| | - Blanca Bernal
- GreenCollar US, International Projects. Chicago IL, USA
| | - Rebecca N Handcock
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Siobhan J Heatwole
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marissa L Parrott
- Wildlife Conservation and Science, Zoos Victoria, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Piazza
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY, USA
| | - Elisabeth Deschaseaux
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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López-Martínez S, Morales-Caselles C, Kadar J, Rivas ML. Overview of global status of plastic presence in marine vertebrates. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:728-737. [PMID: 33111371 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plastic in the environment is generating impacts on all habitats and has become a major global problem in marine megafauna. Macroplastics can cause entanglement, ingestion and loss of suitable habitats. In addition to entanglement problems, there is evidence that plastics are entering the food web through ingestion by marine organisms, which could ultimately be affecting humans. Much of the available information on the impact of plastic in biota is scattered and disconnected due to the use of different methodologies. Here, we review the variety of approaches and protocols followed to assess macro- and microplastic ingestion in marine vertebrates such as sea turtles, cetaceans and fishes in order to offer a global overview of their current status. The analysis of 112 studies indicates the highest plastic ingestion in organisms collected in the Mediterranean and Northeast Indian Ocean with significant differences among plastic types ingested by different groups of animals, including differences in colour and the type of prevalent polymers. In sea turtles, the most prevalent types of plastics are white plastics (66.60%), fibres (54.54%) and LDPE polymer (39.09%); in cetaceans, white macro- and microplastics (38.31%), fibres (79.95%) and PA polymer (49.60%); and in fishes, transparent plastics (45.97%), fibres (66.71%) and polyester polymer (36.20%). Overall, clear fibre microplastics are likely the most predominant types ingested by marine megafauna around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-Martínez
- CECOUAL Scientific Collection Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, UAL-UCA, Almeria, Spain
| | - Carmen Morales-Caselles
- CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, UAL-UCA, Almeria, Spain
- Biology Depart, Faculty of Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Marga L Rivas
- CECOUAL Scientific Collection Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, UAL-UCA, Almeria, Spain
- Universidad Central "Marta Abreu de las Villas", Santa Clara, Cuba
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Pastor-Prieto M, Ramos R, Zajková Z, Reyes-González JM, Rivas ML, Ryan PG, González-Solís J. Spatial ecology, phenological variability and moulting patterns of the Endangered Atlantic petrel Pterodroma incerta. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Santidrián Tomillo P, Saba VS, Lombard CD, Valiulis JM, Robinson NJ, Paladino FV, Spotila JR, Fernández C, Rivas ML, Tucek J, Nel R, Oro D. Global analysis of the effect of local climate on the hatchling output of leatherback turtles. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16789. [PMID: 26572897 PMCID: PMC4648107 DOI: 10.1038/srep16789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent climate change projections show a global increase in temperatures along with precipitation changes throughout the 21st century. However, regional projections do not always match global projections and species with global distributions may exhibit varying regional susceptibility to climate change. Here we show the effect of local climatic conditions on the hatchling output of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) at four nesting sites encompassing the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. We found a heterogeneous effect of climate. Hatchling output increased with long-term precipitation in areas with dry climatic conditions (Playa Grande, Pacific Ocean and Sandy Point, Caribbean Sea), but the effect varied in areas where precipitation was high (Pacuare, Caribbean Sea) and was not detected at the temperate site (Maputaland, Indian Ocean). High air temperature reduced hatchling output only at the area experiencing seasonal droughts (Playa Grande). Climatic projections showed a drastic increase in air temperature and a mild decrease in precipitation at all sites by 2100. The most unfavorable conditions were projected for Sandy Point where hatching success has already declined over time along with precipitation levels. The heterogeneous effect of climate may lead to local extinctions of leatherback turtles in some areas but survival in others by 2100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Santidrián Tomillo
- Population Ecology Group, Institut Mediterrani d' Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès, 21, 07190, Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vincent S Saba
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, c/o Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, 201 Forrestal Road, Princeton University Forrestal Campus, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan J Robinson
- Department of Biology, Indiana-Purdue University, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA
| | - Frank V Paladino
- Department of Biology, Indiana-Purdue University, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA
| | - James R Spotila
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth and Environmental Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Marga L Rivas
- Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Jenny Tucek
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Ronel Nel
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Daniel Oro
- Population Ecology Group, Institut Mediterrani d' Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès, 21, 07190, Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
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11
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Abstract
This report expands on a study by Pryor [Pryor HB. Objective measurement of interpupillary distance. Pediatrics 1969: 44: 973 977] that related normal values of inner canthal distance (ICD), outer canthal distance (OCD) and interpupillary distance (IPD) for Whites, Asians and Mexican Americans. To date, no similar values have been reported for Blacks. Utilizing a sample (n = 931: 485 males; 446 females) of black people (range, birth 24 years), OCD, ICD, and head circumference (HC) were measured and tabulated. We calculated mean IPD according to Pryor's formulation and report that the general mean OCD and ICD in our sample differed significantly from, and were consistently higher than, Pryor's reported measurements for White males and females at each age level (p < 0.001). However, ICD in our sample was significantly lower at birth in both sexes, appeared to increase at a more rapid rate relative to Whites during the first 3 months of life, and reached and maintained a higher value beyond the age of 3 months, with most age groups showing a significant difference in mean ICD measurements. At each age level, the mean IPD values in Whites and Blacks were significantly higher (p < 0.001). Based upon these findings, we suggest that interpupillary distance of Black children and adults be assessed according to the mean proportions for their race.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Pivnick
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA
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12
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Abstract
Vesicoureteral reflux is now recognized to be hereditary and familial. The incidence of reflux in siblings has proved to be significant but less is known about the incidence of reflux in the offspring of known reflux patients. In an ongoing prospective series of reflux screening we identified 23 patients of childbearing age with a known history of reflux and screened their 36 offspring with an awake voiding cystourethrogram. Of these 36 offspring 24 (66%) exhibited vesicoureteral reflux. The literature was also reviewed to determine the incidence of parent/child reflux from reported cases. This review revealed a 65% rate of reflux in the offspring of known patients. Our preliminary results coupled with those in the literature signify a need to screen the offspring of known reflux patients and suggest a rethinking of the genetic transmission for this trait. While vesicoureteral reflux could still be a multifactorial genetic trait with a major gene, consideration must also be given to an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Noe
- Department of Urology (Division of Pediatric Urology), LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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13
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Tharapel SA, Wilroy RS, Keath AM, Rivas ML, Tharapel AT. Identification of the origin of ring/marker chromosomes in patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome using X and Y specific alpha satellite DNA probes. Am J Med Genet 1992; 42:720-3. [PMID: 1632446 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320420519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using X and Y chromosome-specific alpha satellite DNA probes hybridizing to loci DXZ1 and DYZ3 was performed to identify the origin of ring/marker chromosomes in 6 patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS). All patients had a mosaic karyotype, 5 with 45,X/46,X,r(?) and one with 45,X/46,X,mar. We demonstrated that the marker/ring chromosome in each of these 6 patients originated from the X. A timely knowledge of the X or Y origin of ring and marker chromosomes can be crucial in genetic counseling and medical management since the presence of Y chromosome material in phenotypic females is known to increase the risk for developing gonadoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Tharapel
- Cytogenetics Reference Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN
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14
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Abstract
IgA nephropathy, the most commonly occurring type of chronic glomerulonephritis in individuals of European and Asian descent, exhibits marked heterogeneity of clinical signs and ultimate prognosis. Based upon their studies of regional clustering of the ancestors of related patients in eastern Kentucky, the authors have postulated the existence of an inherited disease susceptibility for IgA nephropathy. They examined serum concentrations of individual complement proteins and phenotypes for C3, C4A, C4B, and factor B (Bf) for related and unrelated patients with IgA nephropathy from Kentucky and for patients from the Mid-South region of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabama. In these populations, they have described partial complement deficiencies or specific phenotypes which may be associated with the disease. Their findings include the following: (1) partial deficiencies for C2, beta 1H (H), properdin (P), or C4 binding protein (C4BP) in four patients with end-stage renal disease, (2) an association between the C3*F allele with IgA nephropathy in the combined group of unrelated patients from Kentucky and the Mid-South, (3) the occurrence of C4B deficiency in two siblings with IgA nephropathy, and (4) an association between C4A deficiency and poor outcome in patients with IgA nephropathy diagnosed as adults. In addition, the related patients differ from the unrelated patients from Kentucky with respect to frequencies of Bf*F and the BfF (FF + FS + F1F + F1S) phenotype, suggestive of immunogenetic difference between these groups. Important functional differences exist between C4A and C4B isotypes and functional differences are also possible based upon C3 or Bf phenotype.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wyatt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Ault
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis
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16
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Moore CA, Ward JC, Rivas ML, Magill HL, Whyte MP. Infantile hypophosphatasia: autosomal recessive transmission to two related sibships. Am J Med Genet 1990; 36:15-22. [PMID: 2333903 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320360105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hypophosphatasia, a rare heritable form of rickets/osteomalacia, is characterized by deficient activity of the tissue nonspecific (liver/bone/kidney) isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Signs may be present prenatally or not until late adult life. Although the infantile form of hypophosphatasia has usually been categorized as an autosomal recessive (AR) disorder, several studies suggest that childhood cases are the consequence of either AR or autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance and adult cases are primarily AD. Eastman and Bixler (J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 3:213-234, 1983) propose that all cases of hypophosphatasia may reflect AD inheritance with 85% penetrance and homozygous lethality. We report on 3 patients with hypophosphatasia in a black family, first manifested clinically during infancy, where the pattern of inheritance for each is consistent with AR transmission. Two were brothers who died from the disorder. The other patient, a cousin, presented with classic stigmata of hypophosphatasia during infancy, but is now age 5 1/2 years and has had a much milder clinical course. Although consanguinity is absent, the maternal grandmothers are sibs as are the maternal grandfathers and the paternal grandmothers. The family history is otherwise negative for skeletal or dental disease. Laboratory and radiographic results are consistent with heterozygosity in each parent. Fibroblast ALP activity is less than 1% normal in all 3 patients with no complementation observed in heterokaryon analysis. Accordingly, the genetic defects appear to be identical in all 3 patients. Our findings show that infantile hypophosphatasia may be inherited as an AR condition where there is variable expressivity and that homozygosity or compound heterozygosity, as may be the case in this family, is not necessarily lethal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Moore
- Boling Center for Developmental Disabilities, Department of Pediatrics, Memphis, TN 38105
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17
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Abstract
The relationship between complete deficiency for either isotype of the fourth component of complement, C4A or C4B, and glomerulonephritis was initially examined in white patients from Kentucky with either IgA nephropathy or Schönlein-Henoch purpura. Subsequently, C4B deficiency was found to be associated with IgA nephropathy for pediatric patients followed in Cincinnati, Ohio. We later reported that at least 60% of the original patients from Kentucky were related to at least one other patient with the disease. This finding raised the possibility that the C4 phenotype frequencies for these patients may have been biased by the fact that they were based on a sample of related patients. In our study, C4 phenotyping was performed for 52 related and 63 unrelated patients from Kentucky, 81 unrelated patients from the Mid-South region of the United States, and 39 unrelated patients from the Puglia region of southeastern Italy. In addition, data from patients with IgA nephropathy from Spain were available for comparative studies. Neither C4A deficiency nor C4B deficiency was significantly increased for groups of unrelated patients from the Mid-South, Italy, Spain, or Kentucky in comparison with regional control subjects. In fact, C4A and C4B deficiencies did not occur in any of the Italian patients. With the exception of C4A.6, frequencies for the most common C4A and C4B alleles did not differ among the unrelated patient and control groups from Kentucky and the Mid-South. In addition, no significant differences in C4A and C4B allelic frequencies were observed in comparisons of pediatric patients (diagnostic biopsy before age 18 years) and adult patients with IgA nephropathy in either U.S. population. Italian control subjects had a significantly lower frequency for C4A null alleles in comparison with control subjects from both Kentucky and the Mid-South; a significantly higher frequency of C4B null alleles was found among Kentucky control subjects than in Mid-South, Italian, and Spanish control samples. The importance of recognizing the ethnic background of study subjects and of eliciting a good family history to minimize unsuspected sampling of related patients should be considered in future disease association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wyatt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis
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18
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Wang C, Rivas ML, Burghen GA, Hudson EC, Wyatt RJ. C4 and Bf phenotypes in black and Caucasian patients with childhood onset insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Lab Immunol 1989; 30:183-90. [PMID: 2642174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Certain alleles for the complement proteins, C4 and Bf, have been shown to be markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in samples of different racial and geographic composition. However, the same markers are not demonstrable in each group studied. Phenotyping for the complement alleles, C4 and Bf was performed on 168 Caucasian and 49 Black patients with IDDM. All of the patients were followed in Memphis, Tennessee and had onset of disease prior to age 18. The Bf*F1 allelic frequency was significantly increased for the Caucasian patients as compared to 93 healthy Caucasian controls (0.063 vs. 0.016) and for the Black IDDM patients as compared to 43 healthy Black controls (0.102 vs. 0.035). C4 phenotype frequencies showed a significant increase of the C4AQ0 (rr = 2.13) and C4A4 (rr = 2.91) phenotypes for the Caucasian IDDM patients as compared to controls, but the frequency of homozygous null C4A was not significantly increased. In addition significant negative associations of IDDM with C4A3 and C4A6 phenotypes and no association with any C4B phenotype were observed in our Caucasian patient population. Our data for Mild-South Blacks with IDDM suggest a similar positive association of IDDM with the BfF1 phenotype (rr = 3.4). However, there was no evidence among Black IDDM patients of the C4AQ0 and C4A4 associations observed in the Caucasian sample. The data support a possible association of IDDM with the C4A2 (rr = 5.86) and C4B2 (rr = 5.26) phenotypes. The hypothesis that racial admixture may account for the higher frequency of IDDM in US Blacks as compared with African Blacks has been forwarded by others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Chesney
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38103
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20
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Wyatt RJ, Rivas ML, Julian BA, Quiggins PA, Woodford SY, McMorrow RG, Baehler RW. Regionalization in hereditary IgA nephropathy. Am J Hum Genet 1987; 41:36-50. [PMID: 3605095 PMCID: PMC1684172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genealogies of 80 patients with IgA nephropathy who were born in central or eastern Kentucky or whose parents were born in this region were researched. At a minimum, 48 of these patients were related to at least one other patient. On the basis of presence or absence of established kinships, the patients were divided into three groups. Twenty-nine patients in group 1 belonged to one large pedigree. Their birthplaces and those of their parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents clustered in the extreme eastern portion of the state. Seventeen other patients, group 2, were related to at least one other patient but not to a patient in group 1. Their birthplaces and those of their ancestors did not show significant clustering. With the exception of two siblings, the 34 patients of group 3 had no family members with IgA nephropathy. The birthplaces for these patients and ancestors were widely scattered. These data suggest that one or more genetically determined factors are important in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy in some patients. A founder effect, whereby a gene(s) conveying susceptibility to IgA nephropathy was carried into eastern Kentucky by one or more of the early settlers, would explain the geographic clustering of the birthplaces of the patients in group 1 and their ancestors. The characteristic immunopathology of IgA nephropathy may represent the histologic result of separate disease processes, one or more of which could be genetically influenced.
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21
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Abstract
Based upon response to an inhibitor from wheat gliadin, 80 random samples of human salivary amylase were separated into three phenotypic groups. Each phenotype occurred with a high frequency rendering this a polymorphinc locus. The susceptibility to the inhibitor may be a useful marker for studies of tendency to caries and periodontal disease as well as for studies of genetic variation and linkage.
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22
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23
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Lovrien EW, Magenis RE, Rivas ML, Lamvik N, Rowe S, Wood J, Hemmerling J. Serum cholinesterase (E2) linkage analysis: possible evidence for localization to chromosome 16. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978; 22:324-6. [PMID: 752495 DOI: 10.1159/000130964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Lovrien EW, Magenis RE, Rivas ML, Goodnight S, Moreland R, Rowe S. Linkage study of antithrombin III. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978; 22:319-23. [PMID: 752494 DOI: 10.1159/000130963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Magenis RE, Donlon T, Parks M, Rivas ML, Lovrien EW. Linkage relationships of dominant antithrombin III deficiency and the heterochromatic region of chromosome 1. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978; 22:327-9. [PMID: 752496 DOI: 10.1159/000130965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Meyers DA, Merritt AD, Conneally PM, Norton JA, Rivas ML, Yu PL, Palmer CG. Linkage group I: a statistically significant locus order from family studies. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978; 22:396-400. [PMID: 752510 DOI: 10.1159/000130981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Yu PL, Schwartz RC, Merritt AD, Azen EA, Rivas ML, Karn RC, Craft MA. Linkage relationships of the proline-rich salivary proteins (Pr, Pa, Db). Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978; 22:655-8. [PMID: 752561 DOI: 10.1159/000131046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Meyers DA, Conneally PM, Lovrien EW, Magenis RE, Merritt AD, Norton JA, Palmer CG, Rivas ML, Wang L, Yu PL. Linkage group I: the simultaneous estimation of recombination and interference. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1976; 16:335-9. [PMID: 975904 DOI: 10.1159/000130625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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29
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Rivas ML, Conneally PM, Lovrien EW, Magenis RE, Merritt AD, Meyers DA, Palmer CG, Parks M, Wang L, Yu PL. The linkage and mapping relationships of 1 qh. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1976; 16:347-50. [PMID: 975906 DOI: 10.1159/000130629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Friedman RD, Merritt AD, Rivas ML. Genetic studies of human acidic salivary protein (Pa). Am J Hum Genet 1975; 27:292-303. [PMID: 803012 PMCID: PMC1762883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic expression of a dominantly inherited human salivary acidic protein (Pa) has been described in acid-urea starch and in Tris-borate acrylamide gel systems. Estimates of the Pa+ allelic frequencies in American Caucasians, American blacks, and Orientals are .21, .14, and .42, respectively. The genetic and biochemical similarities to another series of proline-rich salivary proteins, Pr, and to a pair of similarly staining salivary proteins, Db (double band), are evaluated. It is concluded that either one locus or two (or three) tightly linked loci are viable explanations for this polymorphic system(s). It is suggested that the three factors, Pa, Pr, and Db, be treated as separate loci to allow clarification of their genetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Friedman
- Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
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31
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Meyers DA, Conneally PM, Hecht F, Lovrien EW, Magenis E, Merritt AD, Palmer GC, Rivas ML, Wang L. Linkage group I: multipoint mapping. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1975; 14:381-9. [PMID: 1192823 DOI: 10.1159/000130390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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32
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Rivas ML, Conneally PM, Hecht F, Lovrien EW, Magenis E, Merritt AD, Meyers DA, Palmer CG, Wang L. Linkage relationships of 1qh to Amy, Fy, PGM1, and Rh. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1975; 14:409-17. [PMID: 1192828 DOI: 10.1159/000130395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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33
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Merritt AD, Rivas ML, Bixler D, Newell R. Salivary and pancreatic amylase: electrophoretic characterizations and genetic studies. Am J Hum Genet 1973; 25:510-22. [PMID: 4741846 PMCID: PMC1762637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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34
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Merritt AD, Lovrien EW, Rivas ML, Conneally PM. Human amylase loci: genetic linkage with the Duffy blood group locus and assignment to linkage group I. Am J Hum Genet 1973; 25:523-38. [PMID: 4741847 PMCID: PMC1762638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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35
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36
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Harper PS, Rivas ML, Bias WB, Hutchinson JR, Dyken PR, McKusick VA. Genetic linkage confirmed between the locus for myotonic dystrophy and the ABH-secretion and Lutheran blood group loci. Am J Hum Genet 1972; 24:310-6. [PMID: 5063795 PMCID: PMC1762284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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37
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Rivas ML, Merritt AD, Oliner L. Genetic variants of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser 1971; 7:34-41. [PMID: 5006142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
New genetic variants of decreased TBG binding capacity observed in our studies are described and discussed in relation to previously reported variant types. Although single factor inheritance may explain the strikingly different phenotypes found in X-linked variants it cannot explain the wide variation discerned in the majority of individuals in our control population or the phenomenon of nonpentrance in one of our families. TBG binding capacity may be a polygenic trait with many loci contributing to the observed phenotypes.
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