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Gargiulo P, Paolillo S, Ferrazzano F, Prastaro M, La Mura L, De Roberto AM, Diana G, Dell'Aversana S, Contiello C, Vozzella MC, Bardi L, Marsico F. Prognostic Value of Hormonal Abnormalities in Heart Failure Patients. Heart Fail Clin 2019; 15:371-375. [PMID: 31079695 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The model used to explain the pathophysiologic substrate and progressive worsening in chronic heart failure (CHF) is based on the hyperactivity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and adrenergic pathway. Although the neurohormonal medical approach has many advantages, it has several pitfalls, as demonstrated by high rates of CHF mortality and hospitalization. A growing body of evidence has led to the hypothesis that CHF is a multiple hormone deficiency syndrome, characterized by a reduced anabolic drive that has relevant functional and prognostic implications. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence of reduced drive of main anabolic axes in CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Ferrazzano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Prastaro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia La Mura
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria De Roberto
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Diana
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Dell'Aversana
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Contiello
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Vozzella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Bardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Marsico
- Center for Congenital Heart Disease, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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