1
|
Grosmaire M, Launay C, Siegwald M, Brugière T, Estrada-Virrueta L, Berger D, Burny C, Modolo L, Blaxter M, Meister P, Félix MA, Gouyon PH, Delattre M. Males as somatic investment in a parthenogenetic nematode. Science 2019; 363:1210-1213. [PMID: 30872523 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the reproductive strategy of the nematode Mesorhabditis belari This species produces only 9% males, whose sperm is necessary to fertilize and activate the eggs. However, most of the fertilized eggs develop without using the sperm DNA and produce female individuals. Only in 9% of eggs is the male DNA utilized, producing sons. We found that mixing of parental genomes only gives rise to males because the Y-bearing sperm of males are much more competent than the X-bearing sperm for penetrating the eggs. In this previously unrecognized strategy, asexual females produce few sexual males whose genes never reenter the female pool. Here, production of males is of interest only if sons are more likely to mate with their sisters. Using game theory, we show that in this context, the production of 9% males by M. belari females is an evolutionary stable strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Grosmaire
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Launay
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Marion Siegwald
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thibault Brugière
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Lilia Estrada-Virrueta
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Duncan Berger
- The Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Claire Burny
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France.,Present address: Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna A-1210, Austria
| | - Laurent Modolo
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Mark Blaxter
- The Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Peter Meister
- Cell Fate and Nuclear Organization, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Anne Félix
- Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, IBENS, CNRS, Inserm, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Gouyon
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie Delattre
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Université de Lyon, ENS, UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, UMR 5239, U 1210, F-69364 Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|