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Luedersen J, Stadt UZ, Richter J, Oschlies I, Klapper W, Rosenwald A, Kalinova M, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Siebert R, Zimmermann M, Qi M, Nakel J, Scheinemann K, Knörr F, Attarbaschi A, Kabickova E, Woessmann W, Damm-Welk C. Variant ALK-fusion positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL): A population-based paediatric study of the NHL-BFM study group. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1894-1898. [PMID: 38279625 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Frequency, distribution and prognostic meaning of ALK-partner genes other than NPM1 in ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) are unknown. Forty-nine of 316 ALCL diagnosed in the NHL-BFM study group showed no nuclear ALK expression suggestive of a variant ALK-partner; 41 were analysed by genomic capture high-throughput sequencing or specific RT-PCRs. NPM1::ALK was detected in 13 cases. Among the 28 patients with a non-NPM1::ALK-fusion partner, ATIC (n = 8; 29%) and TPM3 (n = 9; 32%) were the most common. Five of eight patients with ATIC::ALK-positive ALCL relapsed, none of nine with TPM3::ALK. Variant ALK-partners are rare and potentially associated with different prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Luedersen
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo Zur Stadt
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and CoALL Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- Department of Pathology, Haematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ilske Oschlies
- Department of Pathology, Haematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Haematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Department of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University & Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Zimmermann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, and NHL-BFM Study Centre, Hannover, Germany
| | - Minyue Qi
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Scheinemann
- Division of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabian Knörr
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Centre HaTriCS4, University Medical Centre Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edita Kabickova
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charles University Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Kalinova M, Mrhalova M, Kabickova E, Svaton M, Skotnicova A, Prouzova Z, Krenova Z, Kolenova A, Divoka M, Fronkova E, Kodet R. Molecular Screening in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Analysis, Next-Generation Sequencing Fusion Gene Detection, and T-Cell Receptor Immunoprofiling. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100428. [PMID: 38266918 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) originates from the T-lineage and is marked by rearrangements of the ALK gene. More than 10 fusion partners with the ALK gene are known, with the most common being the t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation resulting in the NPM1::ALK fusion. In 10% to 20% of the ALK+ ALCL cases, the ALK gene fuses with various other partners. Modern molecular techniques, especially next-generation sequencing (NGS), have eased the identification of ALK gene fusion partners and have allowed in-depth characterization of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. We devised a real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to measure the expression of the translocated portion of the ALK gene. Fusion partners for the ALK gene were analyzed using rapid amplification of 5'cDNA ends (RACE) method or NGS. TCR immunoprofiling was performed by amplicon NGS. We studied 96 ALK+ ALCL patients. NPM1::ALK fusion gene was observed in 71 patients, ATIC::ALK in 9, and TPM3::ALK in 3. CLTC::ALK, MYH9::ALK, and RNF213::ALK fusions were identified in 2 patients each. We also discovered the TPM4::ALK and SATB1::ALK fusion genes, plus the following 2 previously unidentified ALK+ ALCL fusions: SQSTM1::ALK and CAPRIN1::ALK. High expression of the translocated ALK gene segment was observed in all 93 analyzed samples. TCR testing was conducted on 23 patients with available DNA. In 18 (78%) patients, we discerned at least one (ranging from 1 to 4) clonal TCR rearrangement. In 59% of the patients, clonal TCR beta junctions corresponded with sequences previously observed in both healthy donors and under various pathological conditions. Reverse-transcriptase quantitative detection of ALK expression is a fast and reliable method for both diagnosing and monitoring treatment response in ALK+ ALCL patients, irrespective of the ALK gene translocation. NGS reveals new ALK translocation partners. Both malignant and reactive TCR repertoires in ALK+ ALCL patients are unique and do not consistently occur among different patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Central Laboratories, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcela Mrhalova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edita Kabickova
- CLIP, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Svaton
- CLIP, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Skotnicova
- CLIP, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Prouzova
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, VFN, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Krenova
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Kolenova
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Divoka
- Department of Hematooncology, Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fronkova
- CLIP, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Kodet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Damm-Welk C, Luedersen J, Stadt U, Richter J, Oschlies I, Klapper W, Rosenwald A, Kalinova M, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Siebert R, Zimmermann M, Alawi M, Nakel J, Scheinemann K, Knörr F, Attarbaschi A, Kabickova E, Woessmann W. VARIANT ALK-FUSION POSITIVE ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA (ALCL): A POPULATION-BASED COHORT OF THE NHL-BFM STUDY GROUP. Leuk Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(22)00235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kalfusova A, Linke Z, Kalinova M, Krskova L, Hilska I, Szabova J, Vicha A, Kodet R. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors – Summary of mutational status of the primary/secondary KIT/PDGFRA mutations, BRAF mutations and SDH defects. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kalinova M, Krskova L, Mrhalova M, Kabickova E, Riha P, Kodet R. ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Molecular diagnosis and minimal residual disease monitoring. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy286.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Krsková L, Kalinova M, Odintsov I, Galgonková P, Kodet R. Determination of biological behavior of solitary fibrous tumors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy299.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Klener P, Fronkova E, Kalinova M, Belada D, Forsterova K, Pytlik R, Blahovcova P, Simkovic M, Salek D, Mocikova H, Prochazka V, Janikova A, Vaskova M, Mejstrikova E, Kodet R, Trka J, Trneny M. Potential loss of prognostic significance of minimal residual disease assessment after R‐CHOP‐based induction in elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma in the era of rituximab maintenance. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:773-778. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Klener
- First Medical DepartmentCharles University General Hospital in Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles University in Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fronkova
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague (CLIP), Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University Hospital in Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Belada
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine—HematologyCharles University Hospital in Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Forsterova
- First Medical DepartmentCharles University General Hospital in Prague Czech Republic
| | - Robert Pytlik
- First Medical DepartmentCharles University General Hospital in Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petra Blahovcova
- First Medical DepartmentCharles University General Hospital in Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martin Simkovic
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine—HematologyCharles University Hospital in Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - David Salek
- Department of Hematology and OncologyMasaryk University Hospital in Brno Czech Republic
| | - Heidi Mocikova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Third Faculty of MedicineCharles University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vit Prochazka
- Department of Hemato‐Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Janikova
- Department of Hematology and OncologyMasaryk University Hospital in Brno Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vaskova
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague (CLIP), Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ester Mejstrikova
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague (CLIP), Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kodet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University Hospital in Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trka
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague (CLIP), Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marek Trneny
- First Medical DepartmentCharles University General Hospital in Prague Czech Republic
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Lokvenc M, Kalinova M, Forsterova K, Klener P, Trneny M, Fronkova E, Kodet R. Cyclin D1 mRNA as a molecular marker for minimal residual disease monitoring in patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2017; 97:467-474. [PMID: 29273915 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) is a characteristic molecular marker of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and leads to the fusion of the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer-promoter with the cyclin D1 gene. Both aberrant cyclin D1 expression and underlying chromosomal aberration may be used as molecular targets for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD). The present study aims to assess the usefulness of quantitative cyclin D1 gene expression compared to the standardised but more technologically demanding DNA-based method for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) or t(11;14) clone-specific gene rearrangement quantification in a cohort of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) samples from patients with MCL. We simultaneously evaluated DNA-MRD and cyclin D1 expression levels in 234 samples from 57 patients. We observed that both in DNA-MRD positive and negative BM/PB pairs from the same time points the expression levels of cyclin D1 are lower in PB than in BM (median 19×, BM/PB range 0.41-352). The correlation of cyclin D1 transcript levels with DNA-MRD or with flow cytometry was good only in samples with a very high infiltration. In DNA-MRD-negative BM samples, we observed a significant heterogeneity of cyclin D1 expression (in the range of more than three orders of magnitude). This is in contrast to previous reports demonstrating the usefulness of cyclin D1 for MRD monitoring that did not use DNA-based method as a reference. In PB, the specificity of cyclin D1 expression was better due to a lower physiological background. In conclusion, we show that cyclin D1 is unsuitable for MRD monitoring in BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lokvenc
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Motol, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Motol, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - K Forsterova
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology, Charles University General Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Klener
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology, Charles University General Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Trneny
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology, Charles University General Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Fronkova
- CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Kodet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Motol, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Klener P, Fronkova E, Belada D, Forsterova K, Pytlik R, Kalinova M, Simkovic M, Salek D, Mocikova H, Prochazka V, Blahovcova P, Janikova A, Markova J, Obr A, Berkova A, Kubinyi J, Vaskova M, Mejstrikova E, Campr V, Jaksa R, Kodet R, Michalova K, Trka J, Trneny M. Alternating R-CHOP and R-cytarabine is a safe and effective regimen for transplant-ineligible patients with a newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2017; 36:110-115. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Klener
- First Medical Department; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fronkova
- CLIP, Deparment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol; Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Belada
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology; Charles University Hospital in Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove; Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Forsterova
- First Medical Department; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Robert Pytlik
- First Medical Department; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol, Prague, and Second Faculty of Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martin Simkovic
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology; Charles University Hospital in Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove; Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - David Salek
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Masaryk University Hospital in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Heidi Mocikova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology; Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vit Prochazka
- Department of Hemato-Oncology; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Petra Blahovcova
- First Medical Department; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Janikova
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Masaryk University Hospital in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jana Markova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology; Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ales Obr
- Department of Hemato-Oncology; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Adela Berkova
- Center of Oncocytogenetics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kubinyi
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vaskova
- CLIP, Deparment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ester Mejstrikova
- CLIP, Deparment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vit Campr
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol, Prague, and Second Faculty of Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Radek Jaksa
- Institute of Pathology; Charles University General Hospital Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kodet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol, Prague, and Second Faculty of Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kyra Michalova
- Center of Oncocytogenetics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trka
- CLIP, Deparment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marek Trneny
- First Medical Department; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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Klener P, Fronkova E, Belada D, Forsterova K, Pytlik R, Kalinova M, Simkovic M, Salek D, Mocikova H, Prochazka V, Blahovcová P, Janikova A, Markova J, Obr A, Berkova A, Vaskova M, Mejstrikova E, Campr V, Kubinyi J, Jaksa R, Kodet R, Michalova K, Trka J, Trneny M. R-CHOP/R-HDAC AND RITUXIMAB MAINTENANCE RESULTS IN HIGH COMPLETE REMISSION RATE, MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE NEGATIVITY, AND EXCELLENT SURVIVAL IN ELDERLY MCL PATIENTS. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2438_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Klener
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - E. Fronkova
- CLIP, Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - D. Belada
- Fourth Dept. of Internal Medicine-Hematology; Charles University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - K. Forsterova
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - R. Pytlik
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - M. Kalinova
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol and Second Faculty of Medicine, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - M. Simkovic
- Fourth Dept. of Internal Medicine-Hematology; Charles University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - D. Salek
- Dept. of Hematology and Oncology; Masaryk University Hospital in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - H. Mocikova
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine; Charles University, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - V. Prochazka
- Dept. of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - P. Blahovcová
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - A. Janikova
- Dept. of Hematology and Oncology; Masaryk University Hospital in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - J. Markova
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine; Charles University, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - A. Obr
- Dept. of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - A. Berkova
- Center of Oncocytogenetics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine; Charles University, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - M. Vaskova
- CLIP, Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - E. Mejstrikova
- CLIP, Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - V. Campr
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol and Second Faculty of Medicine, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - J. Kubinyi
- Institute of nuclear medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - R. Jaksa
- Institute of Pathology; Charles University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - R. Kodet
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Charles University Hospital in Motol and Second Faculty of Medicine, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - K. Michalova
- Center of Oncocytogenetics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine; Charles University, Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - J. Trka
- CLIP, Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - M. Trneny
- First Dept. of Internal Medicine; Charles University General Hospital in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
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Kalfusova A, Hilska I, Krskova L, Kalinova M, Linke Z, Kodet R. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors - quantitative detection of the Ki-67, TPX2, TOP2A, and hTERT telomerase subunit mRNA levels to determine proliferation activity and a potential for aggressive biological behavior. Neoplasma 2016; 63:484-92. [PMID: 26952515 DOI: 10.4149/320_150714n390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have an unpredictable biological potential ranging from benign to malignant. Molecular markers involved in the mechanisms of proliferation and cellular senescence may provide additional information about biological behavior of the tumor. The aim of the present study was to investigate Ki-67, TPX2, TOP2A and hTERT mRNA expression levels in specimens from patients with GISTs to define relationships between proliferation activity and biological potential and progression of the disease. We measured Ki-67, TPX2, TOP2A and hTERT mRNA levels using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RQ RT PCR). The highest Ki-67, TPX2, TOP2A and hTERT mRNA expression levels were found in the highly proliferative BLs (18 specimens), in comparison with GISTs (137 specimens) and LMSs (9 specimens). Patients with GISTs and adequate information about mitotic activity, tumor size and anatomical site (84 specimens) were divided into two groups - GISTs with benign (29 patients) and with malignant (55 patients) potential. We observed association between higher Ki-67, TPX2 and hTERT mRNA levels and the GISTs with malignant potential. Univariate analysis (57 patients with available follow-up information) of survival (Kaplan Meier curves method) revealed a correlation between higher levels of TPX2, Ki-67 and hTERT markers and shorter event-free survival (EFS) or poorer overall survival (OS). The results demonstrate the importance of quantitative assessment of the proliferation activity in GISTs. Proliferation markers of Ki-67, TPX2, TOP2A and hTERT are suitable markers for detection the proliferation activity and telomerase activity of these tumors. Furthermore, the assessment of TPX2, Ki-67 and hTERT expression levels is appropriate for determination of malignant potential of GISTs.
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Kalinova M, Fronkova E, Klener P, Forsterova K, Lokvenc M, Mejstrikova E, Belada D, Mocikova H, Trneny M, Kodet R, Trka J. The use of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph node samples for the detection of minimal residual disease in mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2014; 169:145-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fronkova
- CLIP; Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol Charles University Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Klener
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology; General University Hospital; First Faculty of Medicine and Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Forsterova
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology; General University Hospital; First Faculty of Medicine and Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Milan Lokvenc
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ester Mejstrikova
- CLIP; Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol Charles University Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Belada
- Fourth Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology; Hradec Kralove University Hospital; Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Heidi Mocikova
- Department of Haematology; Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marek Trneny
- First Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology; General University Hospital; First Faculty of Medicine and Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kodet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trka
- CLIP; Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital Motol Charles University Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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Augustinakova A, Brizova H, Hilska I, Kalinova M, Kodet R. Prognostic significance of proliferation markers and telomerase activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.10078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Brizova H, Kalinova M, Krskova L, Mrhalova M, Kodet R. A novel quantitative PCR of proliferation markers (Ki-67, topoisomerase IIalpha, and TPX2): an immunohistochemical correlation, testing, and optimizing for mantle cell lymphoma. Virchows Arch 2010; 456:671-9. [PMID: 20419314 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A clinical course of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is aggressive, and the disease is rarely curable. Proliferation rate is the most important prognostic factor. We developed a novel, reliable, rapid, and routinely applicable approach allowing a precise quantitative assessment of three proliferation markers, Ki-67, topoisomerase IIalpha, and TPX2. A total of 95 lymphoma specimens were measured in the study by real-time reverse transcription PCR (RQ-RT-PCR). We tested the reproducibility and accuracy of the assay and correlated the results with the immunohistochemical staining of the corresponding proteins. The results obtained indicated individual variability of the mRNA expression levels, reflecting heterogeneity of the proliferation rate in individual patients. In general, we observed the highest mRNA expression in the group of Burkitt lymphomas and the lowest in patients with reactive lymphadenopathies. We found increased proliferation rate in MCLs with high cyclin D1 mRNA, indicating a quantitative control of the cell cycle. We observed a correlation between mRNA expression level and the immunohistochemical staining of corresponding proteins, which significantly argues for the prognostic significance of the mRNA expression measuring. We confirmed the accuracy of the current assay for a precise quantitative examination of the proliferation activity. Real-time RT-PCR provides a novel approach applicable for clinical trials, and it represents a potent approach allowing to stratify MCL patients for entry into clinical trials according to the expression of the proliferation signature genes in their tumors. This approach may contribute to improved and individualized therapeutic options respecting the individual progression risk of patients with MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Brizova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Medical School, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic.
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15
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Willasch AM, Gruhn B, Coliva T, Kalinova M, Schneider G, Kreyenberg H, Steinbach D, Weber G, Hollink IHIM, Zwaan CM, Biondi A, van der Velden VHJ, Reinhardt D, Cazzaniga G, Bader P, Trka J. Standardization of WT1 mRNA quantitation for minimal residual disease monitoring in childhood AML and implications of WT1 gene mutations: a European multicenter study. Leukemia 2009; 23:1472-9. [PMID: 19322206 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A standardized, sensitive and universal method for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still pending. Although hyperexpression of Wilms' tumor (WT1) gene transcript has been frequently proposed as an MRD marker in AML, wide comparability of the various methods used for evaluating WT1 expression has not been given. We established and standardized a multicenter approach for quantifying WT1 expression by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), on the basis of a primer/probe set combination at exons 6 and 7. In a series of quality-control rounds, we analyzed 69 childhood AML samples and 47 normal bone marrow (BM) samples from 4 participating centers. Differences in the individual WT1 expressions levels ranged within <0.5 log of the mean in 82% of the cases. In AML samples, the median WT1/1E+04 Abelson (ABL) expression was 3.5E+03 compared with that of 2.3E+01 in healthy BM samples. As 11.5% of childhood AML samples in this cohort harbored WT1 mutations in exon 7, the effect of mutations on WT1 expression has been investigated, showing that mutated cases expressed significantly higher WT1 levels than wild-type cases. Hence, our approach showed high reproducibility and applicability, even in patients with WT1 mutations; therefore, it can be widely used for the quantitation of WT1 expression in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Willasch
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hemostaseology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Hospital for Children and Adolescents III, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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16
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Brizova H, Kalinova M, Krskova L, Mrhalova M, Kodet R. Quantitative monitoring of cyclin D1 expression: A molecular marker for minimal residual disease monitoring and a predictor of the disease outcome in patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:2865-70. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kerst G, Bergold N, Viebahn S, Gieseke F, Kalinova M, Trka J, Handgretinger R, Müller I. WT1 protein expression in slowly proliferating myeloid leukemic cell lines is scarce throughout the cell cycle with a minimum in G0/G1 phase. Leuk Res 2008; 32:1393-9. [PMID: 18457871 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) is overexpressed in various hematological malignancies and has been proposed as a target for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection and for immunotherapy. Although WT1 is known as a key molecule for tumor cell proliferation, the expression pattern of WT1 in leukemic cells in dependency of proliferation has not yet been investigated. Furthermore, WT1 expression was mostly studied by reverse transcriptase PCR and the expression of WT1 protein has not been extensively studied. Here, we analyzed WT1 protein expression in the human myeloid leukemia cell lines K562 and HL-60 by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Both cell lines exhibited varying nuclear WT1 immunoreactivity pointing to a cell cycle-dependent and/or proliferation-dependent WT1 expression. In rapidly proliferating cells high levels of WT1 protein were detected by flow cytometry. A reduced proliferation rate was associated with a low WT1 protein expression and an accumulation of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase. During G(0)/G(1) phase cells expressed WT1 at a lower level than in S or G(2)/M phase. Moreover, WT1 expression was diminished in all cell cycle phases in slowly proliferating cells. We conclude that WT1 protein expression is dependent on the cell cycle phase as well as on the proliferation rate. This finding might be relevant for MRD studies and immunotherapeutic strategies targeting WT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter Kerst
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Kerst G, Bergold N, Gieseke F, Coustan-Smith E, Lang P, Kalinova M, Handgretinger R, Trka J, Müller I. WT1 protein expression in childhood acute leukemia. Am J Hematol 2008; 83:382-6. [PMID: 18161786 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.21123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In patients with acute leukemia, Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) has been used as a target for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) by PCR techniques. The expression of WT1 protein, however, has not been extensively studied. To determine the relation between expression of WT1 transcripts and of the encoded protein, we examined leukemic cell lines and primary childhood leukemia samples using both real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) and flow cytometry. WT1 protein was highly expressed in the leukemic cell lines K562, HL-60, PLB 985, KG-1a and CEM. By contrast, 40 primary samples of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; B-ALL, n = 15 and T-ALL, n = 10) and acute myeloid leukemia (n = 15) expressed low levels of WT1 protein. RQ-PCR detected WT1 transcript levels in the same range as reported in earlier studies in childhood acute leukemia. The results of this study indicate the following: (i) there are considerable discrepancies between WT1 transcripts and protein expression; (ii) WT1 is not a suitable marker for flow cytometric MRD detection in childhood acute leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Blood Cells/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics
- Burkitt Lymphoma/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/metabolism
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Genes, Wilms Tumor
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- WT1 Proteins/analysis
- WT1 Proteins/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter Kerst
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Kalinova M, Krskova L, Brizova H, Kabickova E, Kepak T, Kodet R. Quantitative PCR detection of NPM/ALK fusion gene and CD30 gene expression in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma--residual disease monitoring and a correlation with the disease status. Leuk Res 2007; 32:25-32. [PMID: 17320171 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2007.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 01/03/2007] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) represents a heterogeneous group of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases with a consistent expression of the cytokine receptor CD30. ALCL is frequently associated with a NPM/ALK fusion gene which is found in up to 75% of pediatric ALCLs. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-RT-PCR) of NPM/ALK and CD30 gene expression was employed to analyze minimal residual disease (MRD) in 10 patients with NPM/ALK positive ALCL in 79 follow-up bone marrow (BM) and/or peripheral blood (PB) samples. In all BM samples from relapses and/or closely before a relapse, BM samples revealed NPM/ALK and CD30 positivity in at least one of the iliac BM trephines. Five out of nine relapses were preceded or were accompanied by minimally half log increased NPM/ALK levels in the BM. We found that RQ-RT-PCR of the CD30 expression is not suitable for MRD detection--only two relapses were accompanied by an increase of the CD30 level above a level which was detected in BM/PB samples from healthy individuals. RQ-RT-PCR of NPM/ALK expression is a promising and rapid approach for monitoring MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Kalinova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
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20
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Capkova L, Kalinova M, Krskova L, Kodetova D, Petrik F, Trefny M, Musil J, Kodet R. Loss of heterozygosity and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression in bronchial mucosa of heavy smokers. Cancer 2007; 109:2299-307. [PMID: 17429837 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung carcinogenesis is a multistep process of accumulation of genetic changes, including loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and precedes phenotypic transformation of the bronchial mucosa. The activity of telomerase, correlating with the hTERT mRNA expression, is detectable in a majority of neoplasms. In this study, the frequency of LOH and hTERT expression in bronchial mucosa of heavy smokers in bronchoscopic biopsies was analyzed. METHODS LOH was examined in 122 bronchial specimens from 81 smokers (67 normal mucosa/bronchitis, 12 squamous metaplasia, 28 dysplasia, 15 bronchogenic carcinoma specimens) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis by using 7 fluorescence-labeled markers matching 5 chromosomal regions. hTERT expression was analyzed in 87 specimens (45 normal mucosa/bronchitis, 12 squamous metaplasia, 18 dysplasia, 12 bronchogenic carcinoma specimens) by real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. RESULTS LOH was detected in at least 1 chromosomal region in 51 of 122 (41.8%) specimens; the incidence in normal bronchial mucosa and preneoplastic lesions was similar (20%-40%); a substantial rise (87%) occurred in carcinomas. The median normalized hTERT(N) values were 6.67 in normal epithelium/chronic bronchitis, 18.38 in squamous metaplasia, 13.31 in epithelial dysplasia, and 75.46 in carcinomas. These results were significantly different (P=.0036). With an increasing number of LOH, the median value of hTERT(N) expression rose, but hTERT was expressed also in tissue samples without any LOH detection. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that hTERT expression, together with LOH, represent early events in lung carcinogenesis, as both were detected in precancerous lesions and in normal epithelium of heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Capkova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Boublikova L, Kalinova M, Ryan J, Quinn F, O'Marcaigh A, Smith O, Browne P, Stary J, McCann SR, Trka J, Lawler M. Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a wide range of WT1 expression levels, its impact on prognosis and minimal residual disease monitoring. Leukemia 2005; 20:254-63. [PMID: 16341043 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) is overexpressed in the majority (70-90%) of acute leukemias and has been identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor, a convenient minimal residual disease (MRD) marker and potential therapeutic target in acute leukemia. We examined WT1 expression patterns in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), where its clinical implication remains unclear. Using a real-time quantitative PCR designed according to Europe Against Cancer Program recommendations, we evaluated WT1 expression in 125 consecutively enrolled patients with childhood ALL (106 BCP-ALL, 19 T-ALL) and compared it with physiologic WT1 expression in normal and regenerating bone marrow (BM). In childhood B-cell precursor (BCP)-ALL, we detected a wide range of WT1 levels (5 logs) with a median WT1 expression close to that of normal BM. WT1 expression in childhood T-ALL was significantly higher than in BCP-ALL (P<0.001). Patients with MLL-AF4 translocation showed high WT1 overexpression (P<0.01) compared to patients with other or no chromosomal aberrations. Older children (> or =10 years) expressed higher WT1 levels than children under 10 years of age (P<0.001), while there was no difference in WT1 expression in patients with peripheral blood leukocyte count (WBC) > or =50 x 10(9)/l and lower. Analysis of relapsed cases (14/125) indicated that an abnormal increase or decrease in WT1 expression was associated with a significantly increased risk of relapse (P=0.0006), and this prognostic impact of WT1 was independent of other main risk factors (P=0.0012). In summary, our study suggests that WT1 expression in childhood ALL is very variable and much lower than in AML or adult ALL. WT1, thus, will not be a useful marker for MRD detection in childhood ALL, however, it does represent a potential independent risk factor in childhood ALL. Interestingly, a proportion of childhood ALL patients express WT1 at levels below the normal physiological BM WT1 expression, and this reduced WT1 expression appears to be associated with a higher risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Boublikova
- Department of Hematology, Durkan Leukemia Research Laboratories, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College and St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Krejci O, Starkova J, Otova B, Madzo J, Kalinova M, Hrusak O, Trka J. Reply to ‘Upregulation of asparagine synthetase and cell cycle arrest in t(12;21) positive ALL’ by Stams et al. Leukemia 2004. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Gene expression profiles of 10 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were detected using cDNA arrays. Total RNAs were isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes of the patients at diagnosis. For detection of expression profiles we used Atlas Human Cancer cDNA Arrays (Clontech) with 588 genes. Although the study revealed variability of gene expression in many genes, we identified a number of genes with the same expression changes (up-regulation: PCNA, ERCC1; down-regulation: jun-B, BCL-2 related protein A1, CRAF-1, PBP) in most examined patients. Our objective was to identify genes that were differentially expressed in ALL and might contribute to development (and characterization) of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Bruchova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Krejci O, Starkova J, Otova B, Madzo J, Kalinova M, Hrusak O, Trka J. Upregulation of asparagine synthetase fails to avert cell cycle arrest induced by L-asparaginase in TEL/AML1-positive leukaemic cells. Leukemia 2004; 18:434-41. [PMID: 14724653 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
L-Asparaginase is a standard component in chemotherapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Leukaemic cells carrying TEL/AML1 fusion gene are more sensitive to treatment with L-asparaginase compared to other subtypes of ALL. We demonstrate in vitro the prolonged growth suppression of TEL/AML1[+] cells compared to TEL/AML1[-] leukaemic cells after L-asparaginase treatment simulating treatment protocol. Cell cycle analysis revealed TEL/AML1[+] cells to accumulate in G1/G0 phase (81-98%) compared to TEL/AML1[-] cells (47-60%). Quantitative analysis of asparagine synthetase (AsnS) expression showed the ability of TEL/AML1[+] cells to increase AsnS mRNA levels after L-asparaginase treatment to the same extent as TEL/AML1[-] leukaemic and nonleukaemic lymphoid cells. We hypothesise that TEL/AML1[+] cells are unable to progress into the S phase of cell cycle under nutrition stress caused by L-asparaginase, despite the ability of AsnS upregulation. Significantly higher expression of AsnS was found in untreated leukaemic cells from children with TEL/AML1[+] ALL (n=20) in comparison with the group of age-matched children with ALL bearing no known fusion gene (n=25; P=0.0043). Interestingly, none of the TEL/AML1[+] patients with high AsnS level relapsed, whereas 10/15 patients with AsnS below median relapsed (P=0.00028). Therefore, high AsnS levels in TEL/AML1[+] patients correlate with better prognosis, possibly reflecting the stretched metabolic demand of the lymphoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Krejci
- CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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