1
|
de Albuquerque TL, de Sousa M, Gomes E Silva NC, Girão Neto CAC, Gonçalves LRB, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rocha MVP. β-Galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis: Characterization, production, immobilization and applications - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:881-898. [PMID: 34571129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A review on the enzyme β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis is presented, from the perspective of its structure and mechanisms of action, the main catalyzed reactions, the key factors influencing its activity, and selectivity, as well as the main techniques used for improving the biocatalyst functionality. Particular attention was given to the discussion of hydrolysis, transglycosylation, and galactosylation reactions, which are commonly mediated by this enzyme. In addition, the products generated from these processes were highlighted. Finally, biocatalyst improvement techniques are also discussed, such as enzyme immobilization and protein engineering. On these topics, the most recent immobilization strategies are presented, emphasizing processes that not only allow the recovery of the biocatalyst but also deliver enzymes that show better resistance to high temperatures, chemicals, and inhibitors. In addition, genetic engineering techniques to improve the catalytic properties of the β-galactosidases were reported. This review gathers information to allow the development of biocatalysts based on the β-galactosidase enzyme from K. lactis, aiming to improve existing bioprocesses or develop new ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lima de Albuquerque
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marylane de Sousa
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Natan Câmara Gomes E Silva
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Chaves Girão Neto
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rocha Barros Gonçalves
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica - CSIC, Campus of excellence UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maria Valderez Ponte Rocha
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Sousa M, Silva Gurgel B, Pessela BC, Gonçalves LRB. Preparation of CLEAs and magnetic CLEAs of a recombinant l-arabinose isomerase for d-tagatose synthesis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 138:109566. [PMID: 32527533 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The insolubilization of a recombinant l-arabinose isomerase (l-AI) from Enterococcus faecium by cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) was investigated, aiming the biochemical production of d-tagatose from d-galactose. d-tagatose is a functional sweetener that has many health benefits, sweetening properties and lower calorific value. Different precipitants (ammonium sulfate, ethanol, acetone, polyethylene glycol 4000) were used in the first step of the protocol, in order to establish the precipitation conditions, and the best results of yield and activity were achieved with ammonium sulfate. In order to facilitate the recovery of the biocatalyst, a new strategy for immobilization of the multimeric enzyme l-arabinose isomerase was proposed. Magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (m-CLEA) were obtained using ammonium sulfate as precipitant and magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) functionalized with APTES (3- Aminopropyltriethoxysilane). Another immobilization strategy was to immobilize the enzyme onto MNP-APTES, as a control. The best results were achieved when the m-CLEA was produced with 20 mg of MNP, 7.69 U. g-1 of enzymatic activity, 7.61 % of recovered activity, 99 % of yield of immobilization. On the other hand, the enzyme immobilized onto MNP-APTES, presented only 2.12 U. g-1 of enzymatic activity, 32.3 % of recovered activity, and 15 % of yield of immobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marylane de Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Bárbara Silva Gurgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Benevides C Pessela
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Research in Food Sciences, CIAL, Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC, C / Nicolás Cabrera 9, UAM Campus, Madrid, Spain; Department of Engineering and Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Sciences and Technology, Av. Luanda Sul, Rua Lateral Via S10, Talatona, Luanda, Angola.
| | - Luciana R B Gonçalves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Sousa M, Melo VMM, Hissa DC, Manzo RM, Mammarella EJ, Antunes ASLM, García JL, Pessela BC, Gonçalves LRB. One-Step Immobilization and Stabilization of a Recombinant Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ E36 L-Arabinose Isomerase for D-Tagatose Synthesis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 188:310-325. [PMID: 30430344 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant L-arabinose isomerase from Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ E36 was immobilized onto multifunctional epoxide supports by chemical adsorption and onto a chelate-activated support via polyhistidine-tag, located on the N-terminal (N-His-L-AI) or on the C-terminal (C-His-L-AI) sequence, followed by covalent bonding between the enzyme and the support. The results were compared to reversible L-AI immobilization by adsorption onto charged agarose supports with improved stability. All the derivatives presented immobilization yields of above 75%. The ionic interaction established between agarose gels containing monoaminoethyl-N-aminoethyl structures (MANAE) and the enzyme was the most suitable strategy for L-AI immobilization in comparison to the chelate-activated agarose. In addition, the immobilized biocatalysts by ionic interaction in MANAE showed to be the most stable, retaining up to 100% of enzyme activity for 60 min at 60 °C and with Km values of 28 and 218 mM for MANAE-N-His-L-AI and MANAE-C-His-L-AI, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marylane de Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vânia M M Melo
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 909, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Denise C Hissa
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 909, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M Manzo
- Food and Biotechnology Engineering Group, Institute of Technological Development for the Chemical Industry, National University of the Litoral (UNL), National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), RN 168 Km 472 "Paraje El Pozo" S / N, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Enrique J Mammarella
- Food and Biotechnology Engineering Group, Institute of Technological Development for the Chemical Industry, National University of the Litoral (UNL), National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), RN 168 Km 472 "Paraje El Pozo" S / N, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - José L García
- Center for Biological Research, CIB, Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC, C / Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benevides C Pessela
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Research in Food Sciences, CIAL, Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC, C / Nicolás Cabrera 9, UAM Campus, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Engineering and Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Sciences and Technology, Av. Luanda Sul, Rua Lateral Via S10, Talatona, Luanda, Angola.
| | - Luciana R B Gonçalves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Sousa M, Manzo RM, García JL, Mammarella EJ, Gonçalves LRB, Pessela BC. Engineering the l-Arabinose Isomerase from Enterococcus Faecium for d-Tagatose Synthesis. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122164. [PMID: 29211024 PMCID: PMC6149694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Arabinose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.4) (l-AI) from Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ E36 was overproduced in Escherichia coli by designing a codon-optimized synthetic araA gene. Using this optimized gene, two N- and C-terminal His-tagged-l-AI proteins were produced. The cloning of the two chimeric genes into regulated expression vectors resulted in the production of high amounts of recombinant N-His-l-AI and C-His-l-AI in soluble and active forms. Both His-tagged enzymes were purified in a single step through metal-affinity chromatography and showed different kinetic and structural characteristics. Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that C-His-l-AI was preferentially hexameric in solution, whereas N-His-l-AI was mainly monomeric. The specific activity of the N-His-l-AI at acidic pH was higher than that of C-His-l-AI and showed a maximum bioconversion yield of 26% at 50 °C for d-tagatose biosynthesis, with Km and Vmax parameters of 252 mM and 0.092 U mg-1, respectively. However, C-His-l-AI was more active and stable at alkaline pH than N-His-l-AI. N-His-l-AI follows a Michaelis-Menten kinetic, whereas C-His-l-AI fitted to a sigmoidal saturation curve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marylane de Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza-CE 60455-760, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo M Manzo
- Food and Biotechnology Engineering Group, Institute of Technological Development for the Chemical Industry, National University of the Litoral (UNL), National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), RN 168 Km 472 "Paraje El Pozo" S/N, S3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - José L García
- Center for Biological Research, CIB, Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC, C/Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Enrique J Mammarella
- Food and Biotechnology Engineering Group, Institute of Technological Development for the Chemical Industry, National University of the Litoral (UNL), National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), RN 168 Km 472 "Paraje El Pozo" S/N, S3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Luciana R B Gonçalves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, BL 709, Fortaleza-CE 60455-760, Brazil.
| | - Benevides C Pessela
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Research in Food Sciences, CIAL, Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, UAM Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Engineering and Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Sciences and Technology, Av. Luanda Sul, Rua Lateral Via S10, P.O. Box 1316, Talatona-Luanda Sul, Angola.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bezerra CS, de Farias Lemos CMG, de Sousa M, Gonçalves LRB. Enzyme immobilization onto renewable polymeric matrixes: Past, present, and future trends. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Salviano Bezerra
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza Ceará 60440-554 Brazil
| | | | - Marylane de Sousa
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza Ceará 60440-554 Brazil
| | - Luciana Rocha Barros Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza Ceará 60440-554 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Llinares P, Míguez E, Sousa MD. [What is the croup syndrome?]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2000; 18:252-3. [PMID: 10974780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Llinares
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Juan Canalejo, La Coruña
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sousa MD, Yang M, Lopes-Corrales E, Tan C, Hansen JA, Dupont B, Good RA. Ecotaxis: the principle and its application to the study of Hodgkin's disease. Clin Exp Immunol 1977; 27:143-51. [PMID: 300302 PMCID: PMC1540896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A study of the function, characterization and distribution of T and B lymphocytes in five children with Hodgkin's disease is presented. The results, indicating that lymphocyte depletion in the peripheral blood does not necessarily reflect an overall lack of circulating lymphocytes, are presented to demonstrate that failure of ecotaxis (normal lymphocyte migration and distribution) can occur in man. The underlying reasons for such failure and their relevance to the pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease are discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
A patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis resistant to all tropical therapy has had extensive tests of immunological function carried out before and after administration of transfer factor. Immunological testing has been both specific, directed at responses to candida antigen, and non-specific, directed at general assessment of the patient's immune status. Transfer factor has been administered on three occasions in the past year. After each treatment temporary clinical improvement accompanied by changes in both specific and non-specific immunological responses have been observed. The possible mode of action of transfer factor in this case is discussed.
Collapse
|