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Kantaputra P, Jatooratthawichot P, Kottege N, Anthonappa RP, Kaewgahya M, Tongsima S, Ngamphiw C, Ketudat Cairns JR, Predes D, He X. DKK1 is a strong candidate for mesiodens and taurodontism. Clin Genet 2023; 103:714-716. [PMID: 36601665 PMCID: PMC10159873 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A mutation in DKK1 gene leads to inhibitory DKK1 function, over-activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, disruptive development of dental epithelium, and subsequent mesiodens formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Peeranat Jatooratthawichot
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Naomi Kottege
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Western Australia Dental School, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert P Anthonappa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Western Australia Dental School, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Massupa Kaewgahya
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency,Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency,Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - James R Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Danilo Predes
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xi He
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Kantaputra P, Buaban K, Thongsee N, Kaewgahya M, Quarto N, Carlson BM, Ngamphiw C, Tongsima S. Broad spectrum of anomalies including quadricuspid aortic valve associated with a novel frameshift SALL4 variant. Clin Genet 2023. [PMID: 36756699 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Each family member had a SALL4 variant. This is the first report of quadricuspid aortic valve and a genetic variant. The variation in phenotype caused by SALL4 mutations questions the division of SALL4-related phenotypes in three different entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | | | - Massupa Kaewgahya
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natalina Quarto
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California, USA
| | - Bruce M Carlson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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3
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Kantaputra P, Guven Y, Tripuwabhrut K, Adisornkanj P, Hatsadaloi A, Kaewgahya M, Olsen B, Ngamphiw C, Jatooratthawichot P, Tongsima S, Ketudat Cairns JR. Mutations in LRP5 and BMP4 are associated with mesiodens, tooth agenesis, root malformation, and oral exostoses. Clin Genet 2022; 102:333-338. [PMID: 35754005 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WNT/β-catenin and BMP signaling pathways play important roles in the process of tooth development. Dysregulation of WNT/β-catenin and BMP signaling is implicated in a number of human malformations, including dental anomalies. Whole exome and Sanger sequencing identified seven patients with LRP5 mutations (p.Asn1121Asp, p.Asp856Asn, p.Val1433Met, and p.Val1245Met) and six patients with BMP4 mutations (p.Asn150Lys, p.Gly168Arg, p.Arg269Gln, and p.Ala42Glu). All patients were affected with isolated dental anomalies (dental anomalies with no other structural defects), including mesiodens, tooth agenesis, unseparated roots, narrow roots, shortened and tapered roots, and taurodontism. Five and a patients with LRP5 and BMP4 mutations had oral exostoses, respectively. Protein models of LRP5 mutations indicate the possible functional effects of the mutations. Here we report for the first time that mutations in LRP5 are associated with dental anomalies. LRP5 appears to be the first gene related to pathogenesis of mesiodens. We also show for the first time that in addition to tooth agenesis, mutations in BMP4 are also implicated in root maldevelopment and torus mandibularis. Sharing the phenotypes of the patients with LRP5 and BMP4 mutations, which include root maldevelopment, tooth agenesis, and torus mandibularis, implicates cross-talks between WNT/β-catenin and BMP signaling pathways, especially during root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yeliz Guven
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Kanich Tripuwabhrut
- Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ploy Adisornkanj
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Dental Department, Sawang Daen Din Crown Prince Hospital, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | | | - Massupa Kaewgahya
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Bjorn Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Peeranat Jatooratthawichot
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - James R Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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Kantaputra P, Hutsadaloi A, Kaewgahya M, Intachai W, German R, Koparal M, Leethanakul C, Tolun A, Ketudat Cairns J. WNT10B
mutations associated with isolated dental anomalies. Clin Genet 2018; 93:992-999. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.N. Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Dentaland Clinic; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | | | - M. Kaewgahya
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - W. Intachai
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - R. German
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - M. Koparal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Adiyaman University; Adiyaman Turkey
| | - C. Leethanakul
- Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Thailand
| | - A. Tolun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Boğaziçi University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - J.R. Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure Function and Application; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Chulabhorn Research Institute; Bangkok Thailand
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Kampuansai J, Kutanan W, Tassi F, Kaewgahya M, Ghirotto S, Kangwanpong D. Effect of migration patterns on maternal genetic structure: a case of Tai-Kadai migration from China to Thailand. J Hum Genet 2016; 62:223-228. [PMID: 27604557 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The migration of the Tai-Kadai speaking people from southern China to northern Thailand over the past hundreds of years has revealed numerous patterns that have likely been influenced by routes, purposes and periods of time. To study the effects of different migration patterns on Tai-Kadai maternal genetic structure, mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I sequences from the Yong and the Lue people having well-documented histories in northern Thailand were analyzed. Although the Yong and Lue people were historically close relatives who shared Xishuangbanna Dai ancestors, significant genetic differences have been observed among them. The Yong people who have been known to practice mass migration have exhibited a closer genetic affinity to their Dai ancestors than have the Lue people. Genetic heterogeneity and a sudden reduced effective population size within the Lue group is likely a direct result of the circumstances of the founder effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatupol Kampuansai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wibhu Kutanan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Francesca Tassi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massupa Kaewgahya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Silvia Ghirotto
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daoroong Kangwanpong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Abstract
Isolated or nonsyndromic tooth agenesis or hypodontia is the most common human malformation. It has been associated with mutations in MSX1, PAX9, EDA, AXIN2, EDAR, EDARADD, and WNT10A. GREMLIN 2 (GREM2) is a strong bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist that is known to regulate BMPs in embryogenesis and tissue development. Bmp4 has been shown to have a role in tooth development. Grem2(-/-) mice have small, malformed maxillary and mandibular incisors, indicating that Grem2 has important roles in normal tooth development. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that GREM2 mutations are associated with human malformations, which include isolated tooth agenesis, microdontia, short tooth roots, taurodontism, sparse and slow-growing hair, and dry and itchy skin. We sequenced WNT10A, WNT10B, MSX1, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, AXIN2, and PAX9 in all 7 patients to rule out the effects of other ectodermal dysplasias and other tooth-related genes and did not find mutations in any of them. GREM2 mutations exhibit variable expressivity even within the same families. The inheritance is autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. The expression of Grem2 during the early development of mouse teeth and hair follicles and the evaluation of the likely effects of the mutations on the protein structure substantiate these new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Dentaland Clinic, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - M Kaewgahya
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - P Vogel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - K Kawasaki
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - A Ohazama
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - J R Ketudat Cairns
- School of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tananuvat N, Charoenkwan P, Ohazama A, Ketuda Cairns JR, Kaewgahya M, Kantaputra PN. Root dentin anomaly and a PLG mutation. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:630-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Kantaputra PN, Kaewgahya M, Wiwatwongwana A, Wiwatwongwana D, Sittiwangkul R, Iamaroon A, Dejkhamron P. Cutis laxa with pulmonary emphysema, conjunctivochalasis, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, abnormal hair, and a novel FBLN5 mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2370-7. [PMID: 24962763 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 4-year-old girl with autosomal recessive cutis laxa, type IA, or pulmonary emphysema type (ARCL1A; OMIM #219100), with loose and wrinkled skin, mitral and tricuspid valve prolapse, conjunctivochalasis, obstructed nasolacrimal ducts, hypoplastic maxilla, and early childhood-onset pulmonary emphysema. Mutation analysis of FBLN5 showed a homozygous c.432C>G missense mutation, and heterozygosity in the parents. This is predicted to cause amino acid substitution p.Cys144Trp. Conjunctivochalasis or redundant folds of conjunctiva and obstructed nasolacrimal ducts have not been reported to be associated with FBLN5 mutations. Histopathological study of the conjunctival biopsy showed that most blood vessels had normal elastic fibers. The gingiva appeared normal, but histologically elastic fibers were defective. Scanning electron micrography of scalp hair demonstrated hypoplastic hair follicles. The cuticles appear intact underneath the filamentous meshwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Dentaland Clinic, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kantaputra PN, Bongkochwilawan C, Kaewgahya M, Ohazama A, Kayserili H, Erdem AP, Aktoren O, Guven Y. Enamel-Renal-Gingival syndrome, hypodontia, and a novel FAM20A mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2124-8. [PMID: 24756937 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Dentaland Clinic, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kantaputra P, Kaewgahya M, Jotikasthira D, Kantaputra W. Tricho-odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia andWNT10Amutations. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1041-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Kantaputra
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Dentaland Clinic; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - M. Kaewgahya
- Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - D. Jotikasthira
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - W. Kantaputra
- Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
- Dentaland Clinic; Chiang Mai Thailand
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Kantaputra P, Kaewgahya M, Kantaputra W. WNT10A mutations also associated with agenesis of the maxillary permanent canines, a separate entity. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 164A:360-3. [PMID: 24311251 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Agenesis or isolated hypodontia of the maxillary permanent canines is a very rare dental anomaly. We report on nine unrelated Thai patients with this condition. Three of them had one affected parent. Three heterozygous missense mutations (p.Arg171Cys; p.Gly213Ser; and IVS2+1G>A) were identified in WNT10A in six patients. The p.Gly213Cys mutation was found in four patients. One of the patients who had p.Gly213Ser mutation also had peg-shaped (microdontia of the) maxillary lateral incisors with dens invaginatus. The mothers of two patients who carried the same mutation as their affected sons (p.Gly213Ser and p.Arg171Cys) had microdontia of the maxillary permanent lateral incisor. Our study has demonstrated for the first time that agenesis of the maxillary permanent canines is a distinct entity, associated with mutations in WNT10A. Inheritance appears to be autosomal dominant. Agenesis of the maxillary permanent canines may accompany by microdontia of the maxillary permanent lateral incisors and dens invaginatus of the maxillary permanent lateral incisors. Mutations could not be identified in the coding exons of WNT10A in three patients. They might be located outside the coding exons, including the promoter regions. However, it is likely that agenesis of the maxillary permanent canines is a heterogeneous disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kantaputra
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Dentaland Clinic, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kantaputra PN, Kaewgahya M, Khemaleelakul U, Dejkhamron P, Sutthimethakorn S, Thongboonkerd V, Iamaroon A. Enamel-renal-gingival syndrome and FAM20A mutations. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 164A:1-9. [PMID: 24259279 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The enamel-renal syndrome of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and nephrocalcinosis, and the amelogenesis imperfecta-gingival fibromatosis syndrome have both been associated with mutations in FAM20A. We report on two unrelated Thai patients with three novel and one previously reported mutations in FAM20A with findings suggesting both disorders, including hypoplastic AI, gingival fibromatosis, unerupted teeth, aggressive periodontitis, and nephrocalcinosis/nephrolithiasis. Additional findings consisted of a supernumerary premolar, localized aggressive periodontitis, thin alveolar bone, vitamin D deficiency-associated hyperparathyroidism, and heterotopic calcification in other tissues, including lungs, dental pulp, gingiva, dental follicles, and periodontal tissues, and early cessation of limited menstruation. Greater promotory activity of urine on calcium oxalate crystal growth compared to controls may help to explain the pathogenesis, and suggest that FAM20A mutations can contribute to nephrocalcinosis/nephrolithiasis. Our findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of FAM20A mutations. Since both of our patients and a large number of previously reported cases had all the important features of both syndromes, including AI, renal anomalies, and gingival fibromatosis, we are convinced that these two disorders actually are the same entity. The name of enamel-renal-gingival syndrome is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Craniofacial Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; DENTALAND CLINIC, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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