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Abualnaja M, Alrefaei AF, Abumelha HM, Alaysuy O, Mogharbel AT, Almahri A, El-Metwaly NM. Synthesis and Self-assembly of Novel Nanofeather-like Fluorescent Alkyloxy-Containing Diphenyl Ether Organogelators. ACS Omega 2022; 7:34309-34316. [PMID: 36188290 PMCID: PMC9520553 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, novel fluorescent low molecular-weight organogelators are derived from diphenyl ethers and substituted with para-alkoxy groups of different aliphatic chain lengths. The present research promotes the preparation of innovative nanofeather-like assemblies from the synthesized diphenyl ether-derived organogelators. The gelation performance of the prepared alkoxy-substituted diphenyl ethers was reported. The synthesis procedure was achieved by using a base-catalyzed reaction of hydroxyl-substituted diphenyl with various alcohols of different aliphatic chain lengths. The chemical structures of the synthesized diphenyl ether derivatives were studied by 1H/13C NMR and infrared spectroscopy. Fluorescence and UV-vis absorption spectral analyses showed solvatochromism. The diphenyl ether derivatives with longer alkoxy terminal substituents showed enhanced thermoreversible gelation activity as compared to the diphenyl ether derivatives with shorter alkoxy terminal substituents. The morphological properties of the self-assembled diphenyl ethers were studied by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, which showed supramolecular architectures of highly ordered nanofeathers, enforced by van der Waals interactions and π-stacks. Depending on the length of the aliphatic tail, different morphologies were detected, including nanofeathers, nanofibers, and nanosheets. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the prepared diphenyl ether-derived organogelators were examined to confirm their possible use in various fields like drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matokah
M. Abualnaja
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed F. Alrefaei
- Department
of Biology/Genetic and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory (GMCL),
Jamoum University College, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 2203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana M. Abumelha
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaymah Alaysuy
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal T. Mogharbel
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albandary Almahri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa M. El-Metwaly
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, El-Gomhoria
Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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